Comparison of plasma vitamin A and E,copper and zinc levels in free‐ranging and captive greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) and their relation to pododermatitis

Pododermatitis is a worldwide problem in captive flamingos. Studies in domestic poultry showed that nutrition is a possible influencing factor for pododermatitis. Vitamin A and E, copper and zinc levels were analysed in two different diets (diet 1 = in‐house mix and diet 2 = commercial diet) and in plasma of captive greater flamingos fed these diets and compared to those of free‐ranging greater flamingos. Results were analysed with respect to type and severity of foot lesions of the individuals from the different groups. Juvenile and subadult/adult captive flamingos on diet 1 showed various types and severities of foot lesions, whereas no foot lesions were found at the time of blood sampling in juvenile captive flamingos on diet 2. Juvenile captive flamingos on diet 1 had significantly lower plasma zinc levels than juvenile captive flamingos on diet 2 and juvenile free‐ranging flamingos; data were also lower than reference ranges for flamingos, poultry and cranes. There were no significant differences in plasma vitamin A, vitamin E, copper or zinc levels between animals with different types of foot lesions or with different severity scores. Shortly after the change to diet 2 (fed to juvenile captive flamingos that did not show any foot lesion), the flooring of the outdoor water pools was covered with fine granular sand. Because both factors (nutrition and flooring) were changed during the same evaluation period, it cannot be concluded which factor contributed in what extent to the reduction of foot lesions. While it is assumed that low plasma zinc levels identified in the group of juvenile captive flamingos on diet 1 were not directly responsible for foot lesions observed in these animals, they may have played a role in altering the skin integrity of the feet and predisposing them to pododermatitis.     

红曲霉SAGE文库中双标签的制备研究

研究探讨了红曲霉SAGE文库构建过程中总RNA提取、mRNA分离纯化、cDNA合成以及双标签 (Ditags)制备方法 ,并通过PCR条件的优化获得双标签PCR的最佳模板稀释浓度及扩增循环数。     

Changes in Biogenic Amines and Bacteria of Tiger-Toothed Croaker (Otolithes ruber) during Ice Storage

Changes in the content of biogenic amines (BA; e.g., putrescine, tyramine, and histamine) and the mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacterial counts of tiger-tooth croaker (Otolithes ruber) were monitored during ice storage for 18 days. BA and bacterial loads gradually increased (p < 0.05) with storage time. On the first day of storage, no amines were detected, and no histamine was detected up to 6 days. The best linear regressions between BA and bacterial counts were found between putrescine and psychrotrophic bacteria. Furthermore, it was found that psychrotrophs were the dominant microorganisms during storage and showed significant (p < 0.05) differences with storage time. The initial concentration of putrescine was 1.27 μg g^?1 and reached 18.8 μg g^?1 when the psychrotrophic bacterial load was over 10⁸ CFU g^?1. The results suggest that the level of putrescine is a suitable indicator of freshness for O. ruber, and the shelf life of O. ruber stored in ice as determined by BA content and microbiological data was 10 days.     

Rhodococcus ruber TCCC28001产丙烯腈水合酶过程调节及转化条件研究

对分离自土样中的产腈水合酶的菌株Rhodococcussp. TCCC28001进行16S rDNA序列测定及系统发育分析,可鉴定为Rhodococcus ruber.通过对其培养过程中pH的调控,尿素的加入时间的研究,使Rhodococcus ruber TCCC28001培养72 h后丙烯腈水合酶比活力达到4628 U/mL,比调控前提高了441%.考察了底物对腈水合酶活性及丙烯腈转化的影响,底物浓度≤20%对腈水合酶活性无抑制作用,丙烯腈转化率达100%,表明Rhodococcus ruber TCCC28001对底物有较强的耐受性.