The application of atomic force microscope in clinic diagnosis of erythrocytes

AIM: To investigate the application of atomic force microscope (AFM) in clinic diagnosis. METHODS: Topographic images and some parameters of large range field and microstructures of erythrocytes in the blood of normal subjects, lung cancer and myelodisplastic syndrome (MDS) patients were examined by atomic force microscope. RESULTS: Many clear topographic images of many erythrocytes, single erythrocyte, and microstructure of erythrocyte membrane surface were obtained. Many erythrocytes in lung cancer patients were found to change into echinocytes. One erythrocyte had 10-20 protuberances, most of which, with a mean width of 589. 0 nm and a length of 646. 7 nm, were on the edge of cells. The protuberances on the center of echinocytes are lodged and embedded. The erythrocytes of MDS patients were biconcave in shape. Many apertures with different diameters of tens to hundreds nanometer appeared on the surface of cell membrane. CONCLUSIONS: AFM can be widely applied in clinic pathological inspection, including quantification of cells, obtainment and comparison of many parameters (such as diameter, thickness, volume, surface, surface area/volume ratio), observation of topograph of single cell, and observation and comparison of membrane surface microstructure of cells, and so on.     

An experimental study of hypercholesterolemia-induced disorder of Oddi's sphincter

AIM:To investigate the functional changes and histopathological basis of Oddi’s sphincter under hypercholesterolemia. METHODS:Twenty - four New Zealand rabbits were equally divided into be groups ran- domly. Experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ fed with cholesterol - added forage for 4 and 8 weeks respectively before sacri- ficed. Images, functions and histopathological characteristics of Oddi’s sphincters of experimental groups were studied and compared with control group by cholangiography, catheter manometry, and quantitative analysis of nitric oxide synthase. RESULTS: The hasal pressures of proximal low - pressure segment of Oddi’s sphincter of hath experimen- tal groups Ⅰand Ⅱ (20.9±6.1 mmHg, 25 .6±9.1 mmHg, respectively) were higher than those of control group sig- nificantly (11.7±2.8 mmHg, P < 0.01, P < 0.01 ). The hasal pressures of distal high - pressure "valve" segment of both experimental pops (138 .4±45. 5 mmHg and 144. 5 ±40 .4 mmHg, respectively) were significantly higher than those of coned group (69.3±9.8 mmHg, P < 0.01 and P<0.01). The gallbladder volUmes of experimental group Ⅰ and Ⅱ (3.4±1.0 mL and 3.9±1.9 mL) were significantly larger than those of control group (2.0 ±1.9 mL, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 ). Between groups there were no significant differences in nitric oxide synthase con- tents. Enlargement of the cell volume, wavy distortion of the cell membrane, loosening and disarrangement of myofila- ment, uneven in size and distribution of dense body, angulation of longitudinal axis between dense body and myofila- ment, swelling, congregated at one end of nucleoulus and disappearance of cristae of plasmosomes and concertration of chromosome at nucleolus margin were observed in experimental groups under electron-microscope. CONCLUSION: The diastole function of Oddi’s sphincter could be damaged by hyperecholesterolemia, inducing a functional disorder of Oddi’s sphincter with increased resistance in bile excretion. The result is retertion of bile in the gallbladder.     

采用Fluo-3 AM-ester探针研究桃不同组织的Ca^2＋信号分布

钙作为植物最重要的矿质元素之一,在植物生理和生化活动中起重要作用。采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜,以Fluo-3 AM-ester为荧光探针研究了桃果肉和叶柄组织中Ca2＋的分布,结果表明Fluo-3 AM-ester可作为荧光探针对桃不同组织中游离的Ca2＋信号强度和分布特征进行分析。不同的物镜观察（10×和20×）下,C...     

含羞草石蜡切片的制作

通过对含羞草进行取材、固定、脱水、透明、浸蜡、切片、脱蜡、染色、透明等一系列过程的试验研究,掌握了含羞草石蜡切片的制作方法,总结出了含羞草石蜡切片制作过程中的关键技术,并通过显微观察分析,从解剖学上为研究含羞草的运动机理提供了理论基础。     

桃果皮毛长度性状的评价及其与几个主要农艺性状的关系

选择6份不同类型的桃种质,测定其果实发育期果皮毛长度的变化,评价238份桃种质成熟期果实表皮毛长度,探讨其与其他几个主要农艺性状的关系。结果表明,在花后30 d时,果皮毛长度急剧下降,最后呈缓慢下降趋势直至果实成熟。果实成熟期,供试材料果皮毛长度分布在106.3～343.3μm间,平均值为193.9μm,果皮毛最短的种质为‘霞晖2号’,最长的为‘白芒蟠桃’。此外,不同果形、粘/离核、果实成熟期和地理类群种质的果皮毛长度间有明显差异,其中果形可能与果皮毛发育有一定的内在联系。     

农民消费影响因素的灰色关联度分析

简述了中国农村的消费现状,介绍了灰色关联度方法的基本思想和分析步骤。通过分析农民消费与8项基本生活消费支出的灰关联度,得出了影响农村居民消费的宏观和微观因素。根据相关统计数据,从时间和截面序列及全国角度出发,运用灰色关联度模型研究了东、中、西部地区及全国范围内农民消费与其宏观、微观影响因素的灰关联度。结果表明,农民消费需求已从满足基本生活需求开始逐步转向改善生活条件、提高生活质量的需求;农业信息开发、农村基础设施建设及社会保障等宏观因素是影响农民消费水平的主要因素;医疗保健、家庭设备及文教娱乐用品是农民今后消费的重点。基于此,提出了相关对策：不断提高农村居民的个人可支配收入、完善农村的基础设施建设、建立健全社会保障制度和畅通信息系统等。     

海鳗性腺形态和发育的研究

本文对海鳗性腺的形态与组织结构及发育周年变化进行了研究。海鳗卵巢由许多紧密排列的卵巢叶片构成,精巢则由许多精巢叶片构成。整条卵巢或精巢的外部无被膜包裹。组织学表明,卵巢在５月下旬后陆续发育成熟,精巢在４月正旬陆续发育成熟。５月下旬进入繁殖期,６月－７月为繁殖盛期。随后产过卵的个体进入恢复期并重新发育。组织学与扫描电镜观察显示,海鳗的精子头部呈镰刀形,有一定较短的尾部     

显微初探羽衣甘蓝叶色变化

[目的]初步探讨彩叶观赏园艺植物羽衣甘蓝叶片呈现不同颜色的显微层次原因.[方法]通过切片法,利用显微成像技术,研究不同颜色部位的色素分布特点.[结果]羽衣甘蓝叶片色素分布具有区带性,不同区带色素叠加后使叶片呈现出不同叶色.[结论]为研究羽衣甘蓝叶片颜色变化机理提供参考.     

激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测Fluo-3 AM 负载大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞最佳浓度和时间的探讨

为了探讨 Ca2+荧光探针 Fluo-3 AM 对大鼠心肌微血管内皮细胞(Rat Myocardial Microvascular Endothelial Cells RMMECs)最佳装载浓度和时间。将 Fluo-3 AM 分别稀释成1、2、3、4、5μM/L,每一浓度的探针分别装载细胞5、10、15、20 min,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测细胞内荧光信号的强度、位置、装载探针后细胞的形态来观察装载效果。结果表明：1～3μM/L的Fluo-3AM负载5~20 min均不出现荧光信号;4μM/L 的 Fluo-3AM 负载5~10 min 时即出现荧光信号;5μM/L 的 Fluo-3 AM 孵育细胞15 min后出现清晰且分布均匀的荧光信号。Fluo-3AM对贴壁生长的RMMECs负载效果主要受探针浓度和负载时间的影响。     

7种动·植物纤维的性质·特点及其显微结构

介绍了7种动、植物纤维的性质、特点及其光学显微镜下的显微结构。结果表明，不同动、植物纤维的显微结构各异，据此可以鉴别纤维的种类。