旱地棉花主要促控措施的产量效应分析

本文根据三年试验结果所建立的数学模型,结合4—9月份的不同降雨量条件,对旱地棉花增加种植密度以后各种促控措施(施(?)量、施磷量、打顶日期、化控日期)的合理定量进行了分析。结果认为:早地棉花的高产栽培方案应以种植密度和磷肥的合理定量为基本內容,氮肥、打顶和化控作为依据天气情况和苗情酌情实施的调节措施。最后,依据试验结果,对方案的可行性及优点进行了讨论。     

潜江小城镇景观规划

潜江小城镇的水资源丰富但开发落后，绿系统不完善，街景缺乏工艺性。在对现状调查分析的基础上，提出了对过境公路、水体、街景进行动感空间、情感空间规划的建议，对乡土化设计、恢复性设计进行了探讨。     

双斜立式油缸木材抓具优化设计研究

通过对现行木材生产中所使用的双斜立式油缸木材抓具的受力情况的深入分析。推导了双斜立式油缸木材抓具在两种不同的工作状态下的抓取力计算公式。在此基础上,结合现代先进的设计方法——优化设计法的基本思想,建立了该类型木材抓具优化设计的数学模型。根据数学模型的特点,给出了能够处理约束优化问题的优化计算方法——内点惩罚函数法,编制了该方法的计算机程序,并对程序的使用进行了必要的说明。     

无源电力滤波器电路参数非线性约束优化

对偏调谐类单调谐滤波器提出了非线性的束优化模型，运用大系统理论协调优化单调谐滤波器和高通滤波器，实例计算表明，该方法是对以往单调谐滤波器设计计算方法的一大改进。     

呼伦贝尔市农业结构调整最优方案

根据不同区域气候特点和产量水平,运用系统工程理论中的线性规划方法对该市的作物种植结构进行了调整,在种植面积基本不变的情况下,净产值增加了15.3%和17.3%;并在不同的气候区域设计了不同作物种植的最佳组合方案。这对增加农业种植效益和农民收入,有效改善生态环境,保持农业的可持续发展等方面都具有显著的经济、社会和生态效益。     

河北省承德地区防护林体系林种结构的最佳模式

本文用线性规划方法,把以防护效益为主并满足社会需求作为约束条件,使防护林工程的费用最小作为目标,计算出了河北省承德地区防护林体系林种结构的61个方案。对不同情况,如资金不足、取得较好的经济效益、解决木材供需矛盾以及其它条件的变化等等,可以从61个方案中选出一个最佳方案。     

秦巴山区养羊户适度经营规模的研究

通过对秦巴山区陕西省西乡县15个典型陕南白山羊养殖专业户的资金投入、羊群结构、草地资源、经济效益等情况的调查，分析了养羊户的资源利用和生产经营状况，确定了与山羊生产密切相关的12个变量，即种公羊数、基础母羊数、后备母羊数、育肥羊数、羊舍面积、草地补种及施肥费用、医杂费、氨化或青贮饲料量、补饲精料量、工作日、投资额，并确定了各变量的参数值，以利润最大为目标函数，然后运用线性规划模型，计算出不同投资、不同人力及草地资源等条件下的适度经营规模。结果表明，养羊户的投资额是决定适度规模的主要因素。根据投资和羊群基础母羊数量设计的三种典型经营条件下，基础母羊全部留种的经营方式可获最大投资收益率(140．1％)；基础母羊数量达到20只以上，自繁种公羊的经营方式的最大投资收益率为74．0％；资金有限，人工授精配种的经营方式的投资收益率最低，为73．1％。     

Body weight growth Model of Datong Yak in Qinghai

Summary:This study was conducted to develop a suitable model for describing the growth pattern of the yak. The data used consisted of body weight records of 76 growing yak aged between 5 to 37 months. Three mathematical models were applied to describe the growth curves during this development period:①Y1=20.105 + 11. 250x-0. 526x2 ;used for describing the growth curve of yak aged 5 to 13 months;②Y2 = -359.687 + 49. 977x - 1. 249x2 ;used for animals aged 13 to 25 months;and ③Y3 = -833. 339 + 63. 772x - 1. 019x2 ;used for animals aged 25 to 37 months.     

Reducing crude protein variability and maximizing savings when formulating corn-soybean meal-based feeds

Crude protein in corn and soybean meal have been documented to vary, and such inherent variability can result in under- or over-feeding of CP when feeds are formulated, leading to reduced bird growth, added input costs, and increased environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to compare 2 grain-handling techniques and 2 feed formulation methods (linear vs. stochastic programming) to reduce CP variability in finished feeds and determine resulting costs or savings. The 2 grain-handling techniques were placing all the random batches of each delivered ingredient in to (1) a single bin (1-bin method) or (2) segregating above- and below-average samples into 2 bins (2-bin method). A fast way of estimating the composition of the ingredients is now available (near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy). Microsoft Excel workbooks were constructed to solve broiler starter feed formulation problems. Formulating feeds by linear and stochastic models based on the 2-bin method reduced CP variability by at least 50% compared with the 1-bin method. Formula cost was reduced by ˜20 cents per ton (averages of August 2012 United States ingredient prices) when the 2-bin method was used with the linear model. Formulating feed with a margin of safety increased formula cost by $3.40 per ton. Stochastic feed formulation increased formula cost to meet the specified CP level in feed at any probability of success, and formula cost was reduced substantially with the 2-bin method (up to $6.47 per ton). The magnitude of savings and reduced feed variability suggested that, regardless of the costs associated with building extra bins, the 2-bin method can be economically efficient in the long run. Therefore, it could be possible to split the batches of feed ingredients at a feed mill into above- or below-average bins before feed formulation to reduce CP variability and to maximize savings.     

E－凸集的几个基本性质

利用比较与分析的方法，由E-凸集的定义出发，研究了E-凸集的若干基本性质．所得结果丰富并深化了凸分析的基本内容，拓宽了广义凸性在优化理论及其应用中的研究范围．