The lack of protein in D4 did not significantly influence (P>0.05) the mean final weight and specific growth rate of marron. Survival was low in all ponds (13.82–34.66%) but feeding with D4 resulted in a significantly (P<0.05) higher survival than marron fed with D1 and D2. Feeding a diet containing a combination of fish protein and fish oil (D3) resulted in significantly higher (P<0.05) wet tail muscles-to-body weight ratio than was observed with other diets. Tail muscles protein level of all marron was significantly lower (P<0.05) at the end of the trial than at the beginning. EPA and DHA in hepatopancreas and tail muscles of marron were affected by the four test diets. The inclusion of plant protein in formulated diets had a negative impact on the pond environment due to significantly higher unionised ammonia levels that resulted in lower survival. Juvenile marron fed with a plant protein diet had significantly lower protein levels in their hepatopancreas compared to those fed with diets containing animal protein. Feeding marron with lupin protein source (D1) and plant oil (D2) for 1 year did not alter the lipid content of their hepatopancreas. Four test diets had no influence on the fat content of marron hepatopancreas; however, these test diets significantly reduced the protein content of the tail muscles of marron.
Environmental variables, particularly temperature, nitrogen metabolites, and the natural productivity of the ecosystem, greatly influenced the nutritional requirements of the juvenile marron under culture. 相似文献