Determination of Lipid Peroxidation and Fatty Acid Compositions in the Caviars of Rainbow Trout and Carp

In this study, roes obtained from carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) that were caught in Keban Dam Lake (Turkey) and cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were processed as caviar, and the products were stored at + 4 C°. Lipid peroxidation and the compositions of fatty acids of these products were assessed during production and storage period. The result of fatty analyses showed that palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), oleic acid (18:1), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are all essential fatty acids, were determined in the caviars of the roes obtained from rainbow trout and carp. According to results of chemical analyses, there were no significant differences in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) between rainbow trout and carp caviars (p > 0.05), but malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that caviars obtained from both rainbow trout and carp roes are rich in fatty acids and take a part in a balanced and healthy diet.     

中国鲟鱼子酱出口竞争力分析及展望

分析了中国鲟鱼子酱出口的地区结构、市场结构和市场价格,并运用国际市场占有率(MS)、显性比较优势指数(RCA)和贸易优势指数(TC)3个指标对世界主要鲟鱼子酱出口国家进行测算,综合分析中国鲟鱼子酱出口竞争力,研究发现,中国鲟鱼子酱出口地区和出口结构相对集中,具有很强的国际竞争力,但是出口价格逐年下滑,总体上竞争力仍具有很大上升空间。在前面分析的基础上,提出了对中国鲟鱼子酱出口的前景展望：加快转型升级水产品加工出口基地建设、加强品牌建设和开拓多元化出口市场的建议。     

Economics of joint production of sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson) and roe for caviar

Costs, revenues, net income and rate of return on investment of rearing sturgeon for production of both meat and roe for caviar are analyzed by a computer simulation model for three sizes of hatchery-growout operations: capacities for handling 5, 10, and 15 broodstock. Biological relationships regarding growth, feed consumption, sexual maturity, and mortality interact with management decisions about stocking density, age at which part or all of the fish are marketed, and size of plant to yield the economic performance measures under several scenarios. Spline functions are used to estimate functional relationships between growth (weight) and age while the mortality is described by logistic functions. The biological data were obtained from the University of California, Davis, Aquaculture and Fisheries Program, and various commercial sturgeon producing firms in California. When sturgeon roe prices are less than $331 per kg, the firm receives a greater rate of return on investment by marketing all production fish at 18.5 months of age. With roe prices greater than $331 per kg, higher rates of return on investment are obtained by retaining female fish through sexual maturity (from 6 through 10 years of age) and harvesting the roe as well as the meat. Results are presented under the specification that all but 4000 fish are sold at age 18.5 months. Two thousand females from those 4000 fish are raised beyond 36 months of age for roe production. Economies of scale were exhibited as the firm's capacity expanded to 15 broodstock.     

鱼籽酱中盐酸环丙沙星和恩诺沙星高效液相色谱检测方法的建立

建立了鱼籽酱中盐酸环丙沙星和恩诺沙星的高效液相色谱-荧光检测方法。样品经甲醇及酸化乙腈提取,提取液经氮吹浓缩,残渣用2 mL流动相溶解,正己烷脱脂净化,采用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,以乙腈∶0.02 mol · L -1草酸（14∶86）为流动相,荧光检测器检测。盐酸环丙沙星和恩诺沙星的检出限分别为1、0.5μg · kg -1,在添加量5～120μg · kg -1范围内,平均回收率均大于80％,相对标准偏差均小于5％。说明该方法灵敏、准确,满足常规残留检测要求。