A Polyol-Polyol Super-Carbon-Chain Compound Containing Thirty-Six Carbon Stereocenters from the Dinoflagellate Amphidinium gibbosum: Absolute Configuration and Multi-Segment Modification

A super-carbon-chain compound, named gibbosol C, featuring a polyoxygenated C₇₀-linear-carbon-chain backbone encompassing two acyclic polyol chains, was obtained from the South China Sea dinoflagellate Amphidinium gibbosum. Its planar structure was elucidated by extensive NMR investigations, whereas its absolute configurations, featuring the presence of 36 carbon stereocenters and 30 hydroxy groups, were successfully established by comparison of NMR data of the ozonolyzed products with those of gibbosol A, combined with J-based configuration analysis, Kishi’s universal NMR database, and the modified Mosher’s MTPA ester method. Multi-segment modification was revealed as the smart biosynthetic strategy for the dinoflagellate to create remarkable super-carbon-chain compounds with structural diversity.     

基于SSU rDNA和线粒体cox 1序列分析甲藻中不同生态类群的演化规律

应用SSU rDNA和线粒体cox 1序列研究甲藻(Dinoflagellate)中不同生态类群的演化关系。通过PCR扩增和测序获取4株甲藻SSU rDNA及其线粒体cox 1部分片段,结合GenBank中24株甲藻的相关序列,以Plasmodium falciparum为外群,构建ML树和NJ树,并采用自展支持度评估进化树分支结构,通过计算后验概率评估进化树整体结构,应用1sKH、SH、ELW和2sKH等方法评估两株ML树间的拓扑结构。结果显示,在由上述两序列构建的进化树上,底栖原甲藻均未与浮游原甲藻聚类,且前沟藻具有独特演化地位。表明联合选择SSU rDNA和线粒体cox 1序列构建的进化树在一定程度上能够反映出甲藻的演化规律。这为从基因层面深入探索甲藻中不同生态类群的演化关系初步奠定了基础。     

强壮前沟藻生长的营养需求研究

以强壮前沟藻为材料,采用实验室内单种培养方法,以氮、磷、维生素和微量元素进行四因素三水平正交试验,研究强壮前沟藻生长的营养需求.试验结果表明,磷对强壮前沟藻生长的影响达到显著水平,氮元素对该藻生长的影响也较为显著,而微量元素及维生素对强壮前沟藻生长影响不显著,各因素对强壮前沟藻生长的影响依次为:磷>氮>微量元素>维生素;强壮前沟藻生长的最佳营养条件为氮元素880 μmol/L,磷元素108 μmol/L,微量元素21.0 μmol/L,维生素0.96 μmol/L.根据强壮前沟藻生长的营养需求,初步探讨了营养条件对该藻形成赤潮的影响.     

Isolation and Structural Elucidation of New Amphidinol Analogues from Amphidinium carterae Cultivated in a Pilot-Scale Photobioreactor

The demand for valuable products from dinoflagellate biotechnology has increased remarkably in recent years due to their many prospective applications. However, there remain many challenges that need to be addressed in order to make dinoflagellate bioactives a commercial reality. In this article, we describe the technical feasibility of producing and recovering amphidinol analogues (AMs) excreted into a culture broth of Amphidinium carterae ACRN03, successfully cultured in an LED-illuminated pilot-scale (80 L) bubble column photobioreactor operated in fed-batch mode with a pulse feeding strategy. We report on the isolation of new structurally related AMs, amphidinol 24 (1, AM24), amphidinol 25 (2, AM25) and amphidinol 26 (3, AM26), from a singular fraction resulting from the downstream processing. Their planar structures were elucidated by extensive NMR and HRMS analysis, whereas the relative configuration of the C-32→C-47 bis-tetrahydropyran core was confirmed to be antipodal in accord with the recently revised configuration of AM3. The hemolytic activities of the new metabolites and other related derivatives were evaluated, and structure–activity conclusions were established. Their isolation was based on a straightforward and high-performance bioprocess that could be suitable for the commercial development of AMs or other high-value compounds from shear sensitive dinoflagellates.