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Largemouth perch (Percichthys colhuapiensis) represents one of the most economically important fish species in the Argentine Patagonia. However, little research has been done on the age and growth and population dynamics of this fish, though both studies are essential to properly deal with fisheries forecasts and management. As a contribution to elaborating management programmes for P. colhuapiensis, we evaluated the age and growth of this species in the Negro river via scale and whole otolith reading methods. The sample consisted of 579 specimens ranging in total length (TL) from 90 to 475 mm, captured seasonally from December 1994 to December 1995. The formation of scale annuli (end of winter) and the hyaline zone on otoliths (winter) of adult fish coincided with the beginning of the spawning season (end of winter-beginning of spring). The maximum estimated age was 11 years, which indicates that this is a relatively long-lived species. Otoliths were useful for ageing specimens 1–5 years-old, but above this age whole otoliths yielded lower age estimates than scales. Isometric growth of weight with length was found for total population, juveniles, and separate sexes (p > 0.25 in all cases). No significant differences between the length–weight relationships of sexes were observed (p > 0.10). Length at first maturity was significantly higher for males (TL50 = 271 mm TL; r = 0.88) than for females (TL50 = 243 mm TL; r = 0.96) (p < 0.01). Largemouth perch exhibited a consistent pattern of increase in length with age, with a period of fast growth during the first 5 years, and a slow-growing phase during the rest of his life. The growth parameters based on scale data were L∞: 462.1 mm, k = 0.23 and t0 = −0.94 for total population, L∞: 402.3 mm, k = 0.33 and t0 = −0.67 for males, and L∞: 548.4 mm, k = 0.15 and t0 = −1.59 for females, whereas those based on otolith reading were L∞: 537.4 mm, k = 0.17 and t0 = −1.0 for total population, L∞: 497.6 mm, k = 0.21 and t0 = −0.79 for males, and L∞: 582.0 mm, k = 0.14 and t0 = −1.53 for females. Scales are concluded to be the best structure to age P. colhuapiensis because they rendered L∞ values closer to the maximum TL observed, high precision, easiness of collection, low processing time, and the possibility of performing non-destructive monitoring studies.  相似文献   
3.
Direct ageing of fish can be a laborious and expensive task when age estimates from a large population are required, and often involves a degree of subjectivity. This study examined the application of general and generalized linear models that predict the age of fish from a range of efficiently and objectively measured covariates. The data sampled were from yellowfin bream (Acanthopagrus australis (Sparidae) (Owen, 1853)) and sand whiting (Sillago ciliata (Sillaginidae) Cuvier, 1829) populations from New South Wales, Australia. The covariates evaluated in the models were fish length, otolith weight, sex and location (the estuary from which the fish were sampled). Akaike Information Criteria were used for model selection and residual plots of the final models revealed a satisfactory fit to the observations. The best fitting model for each species included all covariates. An additional investigation considered whether general and generalized linear models that predict age from two different categories of biometric information outperform age-length keys with respect to subsequent estimates of total mortality from catch-curve analysis. The two categories of biometric information differed in the ease and cost with which the information could be collected. The first category only included fish length and location as covariates, whilst the second category also included otolith weight and sex. It was found that traditional age-length keys outperformed the predictive models that estimated age from only fish length and location, because the results from the models were prone to significant bias. However, when otolith weight and sex were added as covariates to the predictive models, some of them, including a generalized linear model with a Poisson-distributed response variable, performed similarly to the age-length key. Given that otolith weight and the sex of fish are cheaper to quantify than age from a sectioned otolith in many situations, general or generalized linear models may represent a cheaper and faster method of estimating mortality compared to age-length keys. Such models can also easily incorporate the influence of spatial, temporal and demographic variation.  相似文献   
4.
运用传统的水蒸气蒸馏法,分析了巴山冷杉(Abies fargesiiFranch)不同种源、同一种源不同器官和不同年龄的针叶和枝条中精油的含量。结果表明,岷山地区巴山冷杉精油含量较高,3 a生的针叶和枝条精油含量最高,而且相互之间差异显著,同一年龄的针叶精油含量远远高于枝条。  相似文献   
5.
河西走廊是古代中原文化和西域文化的交叉地带,也是古丝绸之路的重要通道。为了给研究东西方物质和文化交流在中国农业发展史上的作用提供实物证据,对甘肃民乐东灰山和西灰山现有材料采用遗址剖面土壤样本浮选、分拣、鉴定和理化分析方法,以现代作物种子为对照,确定遗址炭化作物籽粒的种类、性状差异及年纪。结果显示,东灰山遗址发现了炭化小麦、大麦、谷子(粟)、糜子(黍、稷)、黑麦、荞麦和燕麦籽粒,以及胡桃壳、枣核等;西灰山遗址发现了炭化小麦、谷子、糜子和大麦籽粒;两个遗址的作物种植结构基本一致。东灰山和西灰山发现的作物以小麦最为古老,距今在3 800~3 600年之间,西灰山小麦种植历史稍早于东灰山。在新石器晚期至青铜器时代,河西走廊的粮食生产已有比较合理的作物种类结构,包括小麦、大麦、谷子、糜子、黑麦、荞麦和燕麦等。炭化小麦籽粒较小,且大小不均匀,说明人工选育程度低。如对东灰山和西灰山作物和植物遗存开展系统性发掘,可能还会有更多新发现或新认知。  相似文献   
6.
为了探究略阳乌鸡在当前舍饲+放养的饲养模式下不同日龄的生长发育、屠宰性能差异性,采用饲养试验观测和测定了不同日龄略阳乌鸡公、母鸡的外貌、体重、屠宰性能和肉质营养分析等指标,并对试验数据进行了分析。结果表明:略阳乌鸡体重随着日龄的增大而增大,大日龄鸡的体重极显著地高于小日龄鸡,且公鸡体重极显著地高于同期母鸡;120d之后,略阳乌鸡外貌发育基本达到成年鸡要求;略阳乌鸡在150d测定的各项屠宰指标、鸡胸肉中蛋白质和脂肪含量均高于120d;鸡胸肉中全氨基酸(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)和非必须氨基酸(NEAA)含量在日龄和性别间无显著差异。研究结果可为略阳乌鸡出栏时间的确定提供了一定数据参考。  相似文献   
7.
[目的]揭示温度对扶桑绵粉蚧种群动态的影响,为该虫的防治提供帮助。[方法]建立试验种群,并用棉花饲养,观察记录种群的主要参数。[结果]组建了24、27、30℃下扶桑绵粉蚧试验种群特定年龄和繁殖力特征生命表,获得了该虫世代平均历期、各虫期/年龄存活率、寿命、产卵期、单雌产卵量、性比、净增值率、内禀增长率、周限增长率、种群增长趋势指数、存活率曲线类型、日产雌量曲线类型等10余个实验种群参数,揭示了温度对该粉蚧生长发育、寿命和生殖力的影响。[结论]在适宜温度条件下,扶桑绵粉蚧繁殖潜力大,种群增长速度快,易暴发成灾。该研究结果为扶桑绵粉蚧的种群动态调查、预测预报和综合治理等提供了科学依据。  相似文献   
8.
以早熟梨新梨7号为试验材料,在离体条件下研究了基本培养基种类、激素配比、胚龄大小及低温预处理等因素对早熟梨幼胚离体培养的影响。结果表明:MS培养基诱导新梨7号胚萌发和子叶转绿方面与White培养基相似,而在培养后期促进生根和成苗率方面优于White培养基;适宜培养基激素浓度比例为2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA;以胚龄85 d以后的幼胚培养较易成功。低温预处理对促进65 d和75 d胚龄的幼胚萌发和成苗效果优于85 d以后梨胚,且低温处理对胚萌发、子叶转绿的促进作用大于对生根率和成苗率的促进作用。  相似文献   
9.
不同林龄樟子松人工林土壤理化性质   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
以辽宁省章古台地区不同林龄樟子松人工林为研究对象,通过测定土壤理化性质,对樟子松林地养分状况进行研究。结果表明:1林龄对樟子松林地土壤理化性质影响显著。随着林龄的增加,土壤含水量降低,土壤密度先降低后增加;有机质以及N、P、K质量分数先增加后减少;全Ca质量分数先减少后增加,交换性Ca质量分数逐渐减少。2采用主成分分析法对不同林龄樟子松人工林土壤肥力状况进行了评价,土壤肥力由高到低为:中龄林、近熟林、幼龄林。  相似文献   
10.
鳗鲡仔,幼鱼年龄生长的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
辽东半岛黄海北部沿岸河口4—6月溯河的白仔鳗,全长53.5—64.5毫米,平均58.83毫米,体长频率高峰位于57.1—59.0 毫米体长组,其体长体重呈直线相关。白仔鳗与幼鳗群体的体长、体重则是指数相关,其方程为W=1.136×10~(-7) L~(3.3871)。12尾白仔鳗耳石平均日轮数为146.3,据此对其产卵期进行了推测,观察证实,在不同生态条件下生活过的幼鳗耳石的环纹有过渡带存在。  相似文献   
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