六、海水变酸已成海洋生物致命伤

【路透社哥本哈根12月10日电】科学家们今天说，全球的海洋每年吸收大约1／4由人类排放的二氧化碳，这使得海水酸度变得太高，以至于可以开始溶解一些冷水珊瑚。     

精养鱼塘水变的应急处理

精养鱼塘常会出现水质恶化现象。水质恶化往往会伴随着泛塘,引起池鱼大批死亡。近年来,由于水质变化造成重大经济损失的事件不断增多。笔者先后应急处理过多起水变病例,效果较好。现将应急处理方法介绍如下：     

Changes of hepatic biochemical parameters and proteomics in broilers with cold-induced ascites

Ascites syndrome is still a problem for chicken industry in various parts of the world. Despite the intensive investigations of this syndrome for many years, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the difference in hepatic proteomics between ascites and healthy broilers by two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS）. Changes of biochemical parameters of liver and blood were also determined. The results indicated that red blood cell counts （RBC）, hematocrit （HCT） and haemoglobin （HGB） of ascites broilers were significantly greater than healthy broilers. Hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） level of ascites broilers was significantly increased, and the activity of total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） was significantly decreased. Hepatic lactic acid （LD） level of ascitic broilers were significantly lower than healthy ones, Serum glucose and cholesterol level of ascites broilers were significantly increased, and serum globulin level was significantly decreased in ascites broilers. There was no significant difference in triglyceride （TG） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） level. The activity of liver hexokinase （HK） and succinodehydrogenase （SDH） in ascites broilers was significantly decreased, and there was no significant difference in the activity of liver pyruvate kinase （PK） and Na＋-K＋-ATPase. The hepatic proteomics analysis showed that 18 proteins expression difference were identified between ascites and healthy broilers. These proteins were mainly involved in： 1） cytoskeleton; 2） glucose, lipids and amino acid metabolism; 3） cell secretion; 4） cell apoptosis; 5） signal transduction; 6） immune and inflammatory response; and 7） cellular redox homeostasis. Mitochondrial isoform phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase （M-PEPCK） mainly participates in gluconeogenesis of chicken liver. In conclusion, liver oxidative damage was significantly aggravated, but antioxidant capacity was decreased in cold-induced ascites broilers. Serum glucose level was significantly increased, with liver M-PEPCK expression higher in ascites broilers, which implied that some potential regulatory reagents may reduce ascites susceptibility and mortality under cold temperature by increasing liver gluconeogenesis level.     

盆栽花卉的“家庭药房”

烟草对付家庭植物的害虫——蚜虫,没有比尼古丁更好的了。先把两三个烟头咆在1杯水中,待杯中的水变成褐色时,再加入少许碱性皂液即可使用。使用这种药物,可把植物的受害部位浸入药物中,或直接洒在植物上。（注意：尼古丁有毒,切勿让小孩干口家畜接触）一些喜欢养花的人有一个非常头痛的问题,就是一些比较名贵的花卉常常被猫、狗践踏。在这种情况下,可先把一瓣大蒜或一个洋葱切碎,同一匙胡椒粉一起掺入1升水,1小时后这种混合物便可使用。把它们装入喷壶内,喷洒在花卉的叶上,这样,猫狗之类的小动物会避而远之。把刚摘下的鲜花插入由两匙醋和1升水配制成的溶液中,可使花朵保持长久的鲜艳。啤酒是一种对付蜗牛有效而价廉的药吻,把啤酒倒放在植物附近土壤的浅盘内,这种害虫爬进盘内就会被淹死。     

面包的冷却方法

刚出炉的面包温度很高,皮脆瓤软,没有弹性,经不起挤压,如果立即包装或切片,容易产生次品。另外,由于温度高,易在包装内结成水滴,使皮和瓤吸水变软,同时给霉菌创造条件。因此必须将其中心冷却至接近室温时才可包装。面包经包装后可避免失水变硬,保持新鲜度及有利于卫生和增进外形美观大方。     

水变得澄清了!

<正>我们生活在碧波荡漾的衡水湖畔,湖水看上去清澈见底……今天,我们就从衡水湖中取来了一杯水,但是看上去,湖水并不像我们想象的那么清澈。应该怎样使杯中的水变得澄清呢?很多同学都想到了自然沉降,但那需要太长的时间。化学老师要求同学们在较短的时间内将这杯浑浊的水变澄清,于是在学校的化学实验室里同学们展开了激烈的讨论。化学老     

金陵脂粉之艳：香满秦淮一千年的还有男人

每日清晨洗漱时分，沿街窗边到处是描眉画眼的男子，每家每户泼出的洗脸水据说能让秦淮河水变得滑腻。     

为什么不能用信石拌麦种

信石就是白砒。所谓含杂质尚多的三氧化二砒,若高温烧灼则大部份变为气体跑掉了,进行拌种也就无效。若有大量的白砒随麦种下土,遇水变为亚砒酸,可以被麦苗吸收,往往使麦苗受药害而枯死,故不可采用。