Soil quality assessments in integrated crop–livestock–forest systems: A review

Integrated crop–livestock–forest is a promising strategy to improve soil quality. It comprises four different integrated farming systems: crop–livestock, crop–forest, forest–livestock and crop–livestock–forest. This work systematically reviewed studies about integrated crop–livestock–forest systems and soil quality. A total of 92 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science—Clarivate Analytics platform, and the following information was analysed: publication year, institution, region of the studied site, type of integrated system, soil type, tillage system, maximum soil depth and the soil quality indicators assessed. Most studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. Brazil is a prominent focus of research about soil quality and integrated crop–livestock–forest systems, with significant contribution from its central and southern regions. The Embrapa was the main publishing institution, present in over one‐third of the studies. Crop–livestock was the most common integrated system, Ferralsols was the most common soil group, and most of the studied soils were clayey. No tillage was the main tillage system. Most studies focused on the topsoil, assessing physical and/or chemical soil quality indicators. More emphasis on biological indicators of soil quality is required, as well as assessments integrating biological, physical and chemical indicators of soil quality. Future works should compare different integrated systems, including assessments deeper in the soil profile, especially in systems with the forest component, and also in sandy and silty soils. Soil quality indicators that have been rarely used should be further tested. Novel indicators should be added to better understand the promotion of soil quality by integrated crop–livestock–forest systems.     

Application of acoustic Doppler current profiler combined with a scientific echo sounder for krill Euphausia pacifica density estimation

ABSTRACT:   An application of the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP, 153.6 kHz) in combination with a scientific echo sounder (EK60, 38 and 200 kHz) was investigated to estimate the density of krill Euphausia pacifica . The acoustic backscattering strength from sound scattering layers was compared with biomass estimates from midwater trawls. Euphausia pacifica was targeted among mixed species populations in the sound scattering layer in the offshore Funka Bay area of Hokkaido, Japan. The frequency characteristics of acoustic backscattering by krill were calculated using a distorted wave Born approximation scattering model at three frequencies. Krill aggregations identified from the EK60 data were extracted as the mean volume backscattering strength difference between two frequencies. They were then used to identify similar aggregations in the ADCP data by matching observation times and depths for the two methods, which were applied simultaneously. Results from the comparison of the mean volume backscattering strength and the density calculated from the ADCP and EK60 showed that ADCP can be used to measure density and spatial–temporal distribution of krill aggregations. Current speed and direction at the study site were found to be 16.1 cm/s and 187.0°, respectively, and krill speed and direction (including the current component) were found to be 19.8 cm/s and 172.2°, respectively. Based on the ADCP data, the net speed and direction of the krill aggregations were found to be 5.9 cm/s and 128.0°, respectively.     

提高教学和信息服务水平推动我校教学评估和"申博增硕"工作

结合学校“十一五”发展规划,提出提高教学水平的措施是:(1)推进“无教材教学”的教学模式;(2)加强大学生信息素养教育;(3)鼓励大学生发表论文;(4)鼓励大学生搞科研。提高图书馆信息服务水平的措施是:(1)加强网络免费信息资源的开发与整合;(2)做好文献传递服务工作;(3)做大做强科技查新工作;(4)整合学术期刊网络投稿指南。     

河北农业大学高水平科技论文统计与分析

采用统计分析的方法,对河北农业大学2003--2007年被美国三大英文检索系统收录（SCI、EI、ISTP）和河北农业大学认定的一级学报上发表的学术论文,按总量,学院分布,论文作者年龄、职称、学位分布情况逐一进行了统计分析。分析结果从一个侧面反映了河北农业大学科学研究现状,并对其有关问题进行了探讨。     

农业科技成果资本化风险的控制方法

为了控制和应对农业科技成果资本化风险,提出了风险避免、风险自留、风险预防、风险分散和风险转嫁等控制方法,旨在为降低农业科技成果资本化风险提供依据,以促进农业科技成果资本化的顺利进行。     

环保视阈下恩施州肥料利用问题及对策

指出了提高肥料利用率,减少肥料损失和对农业环境的污染是目前农业生产中急需解决的重要问题,针对恩施州有机肥用量不足、肥料投入结构不合理、肥料流失量较大、农业环境污染加重和边际效益下降等问题,提出了有机肥资源高效利用、采用新型科学施肥技术和减少环境污染的施肥技术等提高肥料利用率的建议。     

落实科学发展观加强我国环境会计建设

科学发展观的提出为我国经济社会的发展指明了方向,环境会计概念的提出,使会计发展与科学发展观和中国经济的发展趋势形成了结合点。环境会计发展与我国经济发展有着密切的关系,但现阶段在我国发展环境会计存在着一些问题,要在科学发展观的指导下,大力发挥政府的职能作用,正确引导企业发展,通过多种方式促进环境会计的发展,进而促进我国经济社会的科学发展。     

网络信息资源在高校教学和科研中的作用

论述了网络信息资源在高校教学和科研中的重要性,并介绍了如何利用网络信息资源进行学习和科学研究。     

福建省科技进步成果计量分析

文章分析了2001年至2005年福建省科技进步成果的学科分布、研究类型分布、完成人情况、完成单位分布。结果认为,获奖科研项目侧重于医药卫生、农业科学和工业技术三类学科,基础学科及其应用研究薄弱;医药卫生、农业科学、工业技术研究各有其子类目分布的重点;研究项目多集中在应用基础研究类项目;参与两个项目以上占16．44％。87．3％以上由5人以上完成;福建省的科研力量主要集中在高等学校、医院、研究所三类单位中,科研与企业的合作较多．转化成生产力的方向明显。     

刍议食用菌栽培学课程教学与科研的创新实践

食用菌栽培学是农业微生物学的重要分支,是我国高等农业院校的重要选修课。课程涵盖食用菌学基础理论和栽培实践技术。基于近20年食用菌教学与科研实践,从教学内容和教学方法、教学工具、实践教学、科研支撑与服务于教学的角度,研讨食用菌栽培学课程教学与科研实践的融合创新。