Investigations on the Relationship between Extracting (DTPA) Solutions and Plant (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Uptake of Cadmium and Lead from Latosols

Given the relationship between the contents of heavy metals extracted from contaminated soil samples and dilution of these samples in diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid (DTPA) solution, the goal of this work was to test three soil–extractant solution ratios, namely 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15. The extracted contents from each solution were compared to those extracted by bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivated in a greenhouse in two different soils: dystrophic red latosol (RLd) and humic red-yellow latosol (RYLh). Contents of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were greater in RYLh (lower amount of clay) for all soil–extractant ratios; 1:5 and 1:10 ratios differed negligibly from the plant result for the Cd extraction, while for Pb, the 1:15 soil–extractant ratio was the one that better correlated with the extractive behavior of sensitive indicator plants.     

基于BaPS技术的橡胶林土壤呼吸研究

阐明橡胶林生态系统土壤呼吸作用及影响因素,对制定橡胶林土壤管理措施、培育土壤有机碳库和评估区域碳收支平衡具有重要意义。本文采用气压分离技术(Ba PS)研究了橡胶林砖红壤的土壤呼吸速率对温度、水分及碳氮源的响应。结果表明,随着土壤温度(10~30℃)的升高,土壤呼吸速率先增加后下降;土壤孔隙度水(WFPS)为35%~60%时,土壤呼吸速率与其呈显著正相关关系(R~2=0.448,p<0.05)。WFPS为60%~90%,二者呈极显著负相关关系(R~2=0.923,p<0.01);与不施氮相比,低量硝态氮的添加(0.5、2.0、4.0 g/m~2)显著促进了土壤呼吸速率(p<0.05),高量铵态氮的添加(10.0~40.0 g/m~2)则显著抑制了土壤呼吸速率(p<0.05)。土壤呼吸速率与硝态氮、铵态氮(4.0~40.0 g/m~2)均呈显著负相关关系(R~2=0.282,p<0.05;R~2=0.345,p<0.05);与不施碳相比,添加碳(1.0~40.0 g/m~2)激发了土壤呼吸速率(p<0.05),二者呈极显著正相关关系(R~2=0.307,p<0.01)。