相似穿孔线虫S型半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因克隆与序列分析

根据不同种类线虫编码半胱氨酸蛋白酶的保守序列及植物寄生性线虫的半胱氨酸蛋白酶氨基酸密码子的偏好设计简并引物,通过RACE技术,首次从相似穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)中克隆得到一个编码S型半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因的cDNA全长,命名为Rs-CPS(GenBank登录号EU659125)。Rs-CPS基因全长为1112bp,编码314个氨基酸,分子量为34.69ku。分析结果显示:Rs-CPS氨基酸序列具有半胱氨酸蛋白酶家族典型的Cys-His-Asn三联体酶催化活性中心,而且N端有1个17个氨基酸残基组成的信号肽。     

蛋白酶K水解蜂王浆蛋白的研究

为评价不同蛋白酶水解蜂王浆蛋白的效果,本研究以蛋白酶K为试验用酶,对蜂王浆蛋白的最佳水解条件及水解产物稳定性进行了研究.结果显示,蛋白酶K水解蜂王浆的最佳条件为温度55℃,pH 7.5,酶添加量60 g/mL,氯化钙添加量0.01 mol/L,反应时间4 h,水溶性蛋白质提取率为31.03%;蛋白酶K水解蜂王浆蛋白的产物在酸、碱、热条件下能够保持较高的稳定性.蛋白酶K水解蜂王浆的效果介于植物性蛋白酶及动物性蛋白酶之间,可用于生产富钙型的水溶性蜂王浆.     

健康家鱼肠道细菌中的嗜水气单胞菌及其胞外酶分布

从健康鲢、鲤、草鱼和团头鲂肠道食物和肠壁样品中分离出１８５株细菌菌株，利用糊精一品红培养基、氧化酶测定法和淀粉酶测定法对其中的嗜水气单胞菌颁作了调查，鉴别出１９株嗜水气单胞菌、对这批菌株进一步进行了蛋白酶、ＣＭＣ酶、滤纸酶和溶血毒素调查，发现肠道嗜水气单胞菌分别产蛋白酶和ＣＭＣ酶，但均不产滤纸酶和溶血毒素。本文结果证明了肠道嗜水气单胞是肠道正常微生物鲜落之一，对鱼体有一定的有利作用。     

Identification of a Group of Novel y-Gliadin Genes

γ-Gliadins are an important component of wheat seed storage proteins. Four novel γ-gliadin genes （Gli-ngl to Gli-ng4） were cloned from wheat （Triticum aestivum） and Aegilops species. The novel γ-gliadins were much smaller in molecular size when compared to the typical γ-gliadins, which was caused by deletion of the non-repetitive domain, glutamine-rich region, 3＂ part of the repetitive domain, and 5＇ part of the C-terminal, possibly due to illegitimate recombination between the repetitive domain and the C-terminal. As a result, Gli-ngl and Gli-ng4 only contained two and three cysteine residues, respectively. Gli-ngl, as the representative of novel γ-gliadin genes, has been sub-cloned into an Escherichia coli expression system. SDS- PAGE indicated that the both cysteine residues of Gli-ngl could participate in the formation of intermolecular disulphide bonds in vitro. Successful cloning of Gli-ngl from seed cDNA of T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring suggested that these novel γ-gliadin genes were normally transcribed during the development of seeds. Phylogenic analysis indicated that the four novel γ-gliadin genes had a closer relationship with those from the B （S） genome of wheat.     

雌二醇和孕酮对小鼠子宫半胱亚磺酸脱羧酶基因表达和牛磺酸含量的调控

实验主要研究了17β-雌二醇(E2)和孕酮(P4)对小鼠子宫组织中半胱亚磺酸脱羧酶基因(CSD)表达和牛磺酸含量的调控。给去卵巢小鼠分别皮下注射植物油(对照组)、17β-雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)、E2和P4、E2和氟维司群(ICI 182780)、P4和米非司酮(RU486),24h后观察各组小鼠子宫中CSD的表达和牛磺酸的含量。Real-time PCR和Western blot定量分析结果显示,每只小鼠注射1μg E2能够显著抑制CSD的mRNA和蛋白的表达,6mg P4能够显著促进CSD mRNA和蛋白的表达,其受体抑制剂RU486和ICI182780都能逆转它们的作用。高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定结果显示,注射1μg E2和6mg P4分别下调和上调子宫组织中牛磺酸的含量。上述结果提示E2和P4可能通过受体途径参与调节子宫CSD的表达,从而调节子宫中牛磺酸含量。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒dsRNA的提纯与应用

用传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）攻击4周龄的非免疫鸡，以超速离心法从感染鸡法氏囊组织中分离、纯化IBDV，应用蛋白酶K消化和Trizol（异硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿法）处理2种方法从纯化的IBDV中抽提dsRNA。通过低熔点琼脂糖割胶－酚－氯仿抽提可获得纯化的dsRNA，研究发现应用蛋白酶K消化获得的纯化RNA产量高，用其作模板进行RT－PCR可扩增IBDV基因组全长cDNA A片段和B片段、VP2基因和VP2－4－3基因。     

昆虫取食和剪叶刺激对油松针叶内部分防御物质的诱导效应

为了研究自然条件下昆虫取食及剪叶刺激对油松诱导抗性的影响,本试验应用香草醛—盐酸法,亚硝酸钠—硝酸铝比色法以及紫外分光光度法,分析了剪叶和不同程度油松毛虫取食处理后,混交林和纯林中油松针叶内部分次生代谢物和蛋白酶抑制剂活性的动态变化。结果表明:剪叶及不同程度油松毛虫取食能够诱导缩合单宁、黄酮含量和胰蛋白酶抑制剂、胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂活性增加。与对照相比,胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂在混交林中的活性比纯林更为明显。说明剪叶及昆虫取食可诱导增加油松针叶内的缩合单宁和黄酮含量、提高胰蛋白酶抑制剂和胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂的活性,进而增强油松的抗虫性,林分类型可在一定程度上影响油松诱导防御物质的变化。     

Specificity of polycllonal and monoclonal antibodies for the identification of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (PCAs and MCAs), produced to whole cells and flagellar extracts ofXanthomonas campestris pv.campestris (Xcc), respectively, were tested for specificity. In immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) the three PCAs tested, reacted at low dilutions with all Xcc strains, some other xanthomonads and non-xanthomonads. At higher dilutions most cross-reactivity with non-xanthomonad strains disappeared. However, the cross-reactivity with strains ofX. c. pv.vesicatoria (Xcv),X. c. pv.amoraciae (Xca) andX. c. pv.phaseoli var. fuscans (Xcpf) remained.Six MCA-producing cell clones viz. 20H6, 2F4, 18G12, 10C5, 17C12 and 16B5 were selected for specificity tests with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), IF and a dot-blot immunoassay (DBI). None of the MCAs reacted with all Xcc strains in IF and EIA. In DBI, only MCAs 17C12 and 16B5 reacted with all Xcc strains. All six MCAs tested, cross-reacted in one of either tests with other pathovars ofX. campestris, such as Xcv or Xca. The MCAs were also tested in immunoblotting experiments using total bacterial extracts, cell envelope and flagellar extracts. MCAs 20H6, 2F4, 18G12 and 10C5 reacted with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Xcc. MCAs 16B5 and 17C12 reacted with a 39 kilodalton and a 29 kilodalton protein, respectively.It is concluded that the PCAs and MCAs discussed in this study may be used for routine identification and differentiation of (a group of) Xcc strains. The significance of the cross-reactions with other pathovars ofX. campestris needs to be determined by testing seed lots.     

哈茨木霉天冬氨酸蛋白酶基因SA76的3＇RACE扩增和序列分析

由EST获得全长cDNA对于结构基因组学和功能基因组学都是至关重要的,cDNA末端快速扩增技术RACE是该领域中的重要研究方法.利用BD SMART RACE技术扩增编码分泌天冬氨酸蛋白酶SA76基因的3＇末端,将其与哈茨木霉cDNA文库中的SA76基因的EST序列进行序列拼接,获得2019bp的全长cDNA序列,其开放读码框长1593bp,5＇非编码区266bp,3＇非编码区201bp,编码530个氨基酸,有信号肽.哈茨木霉天冬氨酸蛋白酶基因与玉蜀黍赤霉、粗糙脉孢菌、球毛壳菌天冬氨酸蛋白酶基因的同源性分别为53%, 37%, 36%.利用BD SMART RACE技术首次从哈茨木霉中克隆天冬氨酸蛋白酶基因,为验证SA76基因的功能奠定基础,为进一步研究蛋白酶的作用机制及生物防治功能提供依据.