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Organosulfur natural products (NPs) refer to the different kinds of small molecular-containing sulfur (S) elements. Sulfur-containing NPs tightly link to the biochemical processes and play an important role in the pharmaceutical industry. The majority of S-containing NPs are generally isolated from Alliaceae plants or bacteria, and those from fungi are still relatively rare. In recent years, an increasing number of S-containing metabolites have been discovered in marine and terrestrial fungi, but there is no comprehensive and targeted review to summarize the studies. In order to make it more straightforward to better grasp the fungal-derived S-containing NPs and understand the particularity of marine S-containing NPs compared to those from terrestrial fungi, we summarized the chemical structures and biological activities of 89 new fungal-derived S-containing metabolites from 1929 when the penicillin was discovered to the present in this current review. The structural and bioactive diversity of these S-containing metabolites were concluded in detail, and the preliminary mechanism for C-S bond formation in fungi was also discussed briefly. 相似文献
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Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim Sana A. Fadil Haifa A. Fadil Rawan H. Hareeri Sultan O. Alolayan Hossam M. Abdallah Gamal A. Mohamed 《Marine drugs》2022,20(4)
Marine environment has been identified as a huge reservoir of novel biometabolites that are beneficial for medical treatments, as well as improving human health and well-being. Sponges have been highlighted as one of the most interesting phyla as new metabolites producers. Dactylospongia elegans Thiele (Thorectidae) is a wealth pool of various classes of sesquiterpenes, including hydroquinones, quinones, and tetronic acid derivatives. These metabolites possessed a wide array of potent bioactivities such as antitumor, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. In the current work, the reported metabolites from D. elegans have been reviewed, including their bioactivities, biosynthesis, and synthesis, as well as the structural-activity relationship studies. Reviewing the reported studies revealed that these metabolites could contribute to new drug discovery, however, further mechanistic and in vivo studies of these metabolites are needed. 相似文献
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Indole alkaloids are heterocyclic natural products with extensive pharmacological activities. As an important source of lead compounds, many clinical drugs have been derived from natural indole compounds. Marine indole alkaloids, from unique marine environments with high pressure, high salt and low temperature, exhibit structural diversity with various bioactivities, which attracts the attention of drug researchers. This article is a continuation of the previous two comprehensive reviews and covers the literature on marine indole alkaloids published from 2015 to 2021, with 472 new or structure-revised compounds categorized by sources into marine microorganisms, invertebrates, and plant-derived. The structures and bioactivities demonstrated in this article will benefit the synthesis and pharmacological activity study for marine indole alkaloids on their way to clinical drugs. 相似文献
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Kaliyamoorthy Kalidasan Nambali Valsalan Vinithkumar Dhassiah Magesh Peter Gopal Dharani Laurent Dufoss 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)
Thraustochytrids are the most promising microbial source for the commercial production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for its application in the human health, aquaculture, and nutraceutical sectors. The present study isolated 127 thraustochytrid strains from mangrove habitats of the south Andaman Islands, India to study their diversity, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and biotechnological potential. The predominant strains were identified as belonging to two major genera (Thraustochytrium, Aurantiochytrium) based on morphological and molecular characteristics. The strain ANVKK-06 produced the maximum biomass of 5.42 g·L−1, while ANVKK-03 exhibited the maximum total lipid (71.03%). Omega-3 PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) accumulated up to 11.03% in ANVKK-04, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) up to 8.65% in ANVKK-07, and DHA up to 47.19% in ANVKK-06. ANVKK-06 showed the maximum scavenging activity (84.79 ± 2.30%) while ANVKK-03 and ANVKK-10 displayed the highest antibacterial activity against human and fish pathogens, S. aureus (18.69 ± 1.2 mm) and V. parahaemolyticus (18.31 ± 1.0 mm), respectively. All strains were non-toxic as evident by negative blood agar hemolysis, thus, the thraustochytrids are suggested to be a potential source of DHA for application in the health care of human and fish. 相似文献
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The deep sea has been proven to be a great treasure for structurally unique and biologically active natural products in the last two decades. Cold seeps and hydrothermal vents, as typical representatives of deep-sea extreme environments, have attracted more and more attention. This review mainly summarizes the natural products of marine animals, marine fungi, and marine bacteria derived from deep-sea cold seeps and hydrothermal vents as well as their biological activities. In general, there were 182 compounds reported, citing 132 references and covering the literature from the first report in 1984 up to March 2022. The sources of the compounds are represented by the genera Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Streptomyces sp., and so on. It is worth mentioning that 90 of the 182 compounds are new and that almost 60% of the reported structures exhibited diverse bioactivities, which became attractive targets for relevant organic synthetic and biosynthetic studies. 相似文献
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印楝质杀虫剂的生物活性及作用机制研究进展 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
印楝质杀虫剂对昆虫有忌避、拒食、干扰生长发育、降低生殖力等多方面的生物活性。印楝质杀虫剂对不同昆虫的取食影响差异较大,鳞翅目昆虫较敏感。对不同昆虫的生长发育、生殖等方面的效应较为一致,但处理方法对效果有影响,注射处理比点滴、口服效果好。印楝质杀虫剂的作用机制包括:(1)影响触角、跗节、产卵器化上化学感受器的功能导致忌避作用;(2)影响口器上厌食及其他化学感器产生初生拒食反应;(3)作用于消化系统形成次生拒食反应;(4)障碍形态发生肽类激素的释放,影响蜕皮激素、保幼激素滴度,抑制生长发育并使生殖力下降;(5)抑制细胞分裂、损害发育中的器官组织。印楝质杀虫剂在细胞、分子生物学水平上的作用机制尚待阐明。 相似文献