人乳铁蛋白腺病毒载体的构建及细胞表达

将人乳铁蛋白基因与腺病毒基因组骨架质粒重组,在293细胞中包装重组腺病毒颗粒,获得真核细胞表达的栽体pAd-hLTF.以pcDNA3X为模板,PCR扩增hLTF基因,腺病毒穿梭栽体pshuttle-cmv与hLTF重组为pshuttle-cmv-hLTF:再与腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1同源重组为pAd-hLTF质粒:脂质体法将重组pAd-hLTF质粒转染HEK 293细胞.包装成重组腺病毒颗粒.Western blot和ELISA法测定细胞中hLTF基因的表达.结果表明,pAd-hLTT质粒转染293细胞后,7～10 d后,获得细胞裂解液,将细胞裂解产物再次接种新鲜的293细胞,3～5 d后,80%以上的细胞变圆、膨胀、漂浮.Westem blot和ELISA结果显示,上清液中有hLTF基因的表达,为重组人乳铁蛋白的体外表达及其功能分析奠定了基础.     

番茄青枯病抗性两个相关基因功能的初步鉴定

对抗性番茄材料‘Hawaii 7996’分别接种强致病力青枯菌（RsH）和中等致病力青枯菌（RsM）后,利用双向电泳技术找到了两个差异表达蛋白质--谷胱甘肽S转移酶L3和Remorin 1蛋白。在利用携带八氢番茄红素脱氢酶基因PDS的TRV重组病毒载体通过叶片浸润法证明VIGS体系可行后,进一步利用该技术沉默上述两个蛋白质的对应基因GST-L3和Rem-1,并用半定量RT-PCR检测沉默效果。结果表明,分别沉默GST-L3和Rem-1的番茄植株抗性减弱,在接种中等致病力青枯菌（RsM）后青枯病发病率和病情指数都明显高于对照植株,说明基因GST-L3和Rem-1与番茄对青枯病的抗性相关。     

小反刍兽疫病毒H、F基因转基因苜蓿表达载体的构建

为了有效预防小反刍兽疫,试验以pBI121为载体,PPRV-H、PPRV-F为目的基因,并插入绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因、MAR序列,构建5种小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)苜蓿表达载体。结果表明:成功构建小反刍兽疫表达载体,再将表达载体转入苜蓿,饲喂动物,选择其中免疫效果最好的表达载体,为该病的预防工作提供有效的技术支持。     

大肠杆菌表达系统和酵母表达系统的研究进展

由于DNA重组技术和蛋白组技术的发展与成熟,外源基因表达技术备受关注。其在生物、食品、工业以及医学领域发挥着举足轻重的作用。以原核生物细胞及真核生物细胞作为表达系统,进行目的基因序列的表达以生产蛋白疫苗、核酸疫苗和生物酶制剂等是近年来发酵工业的新型领域。原核和真核表达系统是近年来研究和应用最广泛和最成熟的外源基因表达系统。对近年来关于大肠杆菌表达系统和酵母表达系统的研究进展进行了综述。     

基于Curvelet-散射特征的图像纹理分类

在二代曲线波的基础上,提出一种旋转不变曲波特征,然后结合具有平移不变性和Lipschitz连续性的散射向量特征用于对纹理图像的分类研究.通过系统分析以及严格实验可以得出,旋转不变曲波纹理特征优于广泛使用的Gabor纹理特征,且Curvelet-散射组合特征在纹理分类上具有很高准确率以及计算纹理特征的效率,和单一的散射特征相比,具有一定的优势.     

野生番茄SpIDD1基因的表达分析及其VIGS载体构建

为鉴定野生番茄的SpIDD1基因并探究其功能,以野生醋栗番茄‘PI365967’为试验材料,利用RT-PCR克隆得到SpIDD1基因的CDS序列,全长1 020 bp,编码339个氨基酸,与普通番茄参考基因组序列相比,SpIDD1只存在一个核苷酸位点的差异。蛋白序列比对和结构分析表明,Sp IDD1含有1个核定位信号和4个保守锌指结构域(C2H2·C2H2·C2HC·C2HC),是一个典型的IDD蛋白。系统进化分析表明,SpIDD1与马铃薯和辣椒的IDD蛋白亲缘关系最近。荧光定量PCR显示,SpIDD1在叶、顶芽和果实中的表达较高,并受干旱胁迫的显著诱导。利用TRV-VIGS系统构建了Sp IDD1的基因沉默载体,并成功侵染番茄。研究结果表明,SpIDD1作为一个典型的IDD基因,很可能参与了番茄的干旱胁迫。本研究为进一步研究该基因的功能及作用机理提供理论依据。     

Mutated sodium channel genes and elevated monooxygenases are found in pyrethroid resistant populations of Sri Lankan malaria vectors

The present status of pyrethroid resistance in vectors of malaria; Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus, was tested in two malarious Districts, Anuradhapura and Trincomalee, of Sri Lanka. Both species were resistant to permethrin and susceptible to cypermethrin and cyfluthrin. An. subpictus were resistant to deltamethrin. λ-Cyhalothrin and etofenprox resistance was shown only by Anuradhapura An. subpictus. Although there were no differences among the populations for esterase and glutathione S-transferase activities, increased monooxygenase levels were found among Trincomalee populations. The voltage-gated sodium channel gene, the target site gene of pyrethroids, was partially sequenced to screen for mutations previously associated with insecticide resistance. The classic leucine to phenylalanine substitution, TTA to TTT, was detected in An. subpictus. It appears that both kdr type and monooxygenase resistance underlie pyrethroid resistance in these two malaria vectors of Sri Lanka.     

Detection and identification of the phytoplasma associated with pear decline in Taiwan

Pear decline (PD) is an important phytoplasmal disease that occurs mainly in Europe and North America. In 1994, pear trees exhibiting symptoms typical of PD disease were observed in orchards of central Taiwan. The sequence of 16S rDNA and 16S–23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR) of the causative agent of pear decline in Taiwan (PDTW) were amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a DNA template prepared from the diseased leaves. Sequence analysis of 16S rDNA revealed that the PDTW agent was closely related to the phytoplasmas of the apple proliferation group that cause diseases in stone fruits, pear and apple. Consistent with the result of 16S rDNA sequence analysis, sequence analysis of the 16S–23S rDNA ISR and putative restriction site analyses of 16S rDNA and 16S–23S rDNA ISR sequences provided further support for the view that the PDTW phytoplasma causing pear decline in Taiwan may represent a new subgroup of the apple proliferation group. According to the rDNA sequence of PDTW phytoplasma, two specific PCR primer pairs, APf2/L1n and fPD1/rPDS1, were designed in this study for the detection of the etiological agent in pear trees and insect vectors. Based on the sequence analyses of the PCR-amplified fragments, two species of pear psyllas, Cacopsylla qianli and Cacopsylla chinensis, were found to carry PDTW phytoplasma.     

小麦PDS基因VIGS载体构建体系的优化及验证

为在小麦上进行VIGS体系的优化,根据GenBank中公布的小麦PDS基因序列(FJ517553.1)设计特异引物,利用RT-PCR技术克隆PDS基因片段,以BSMV:γ-2a为原载体,通过酶切将原载体中的2a基因片段替换为PDS基因片段,构建小麦PDS基因的VIGS重组载体BSMV:γ-PDS。经测序确认,其与GeneBank中登录的小麦PDS基因序列同源性为97%。重组载体经本实验室简化改良的方法进行转录模板的处理。与试剂盒所提供的方法相比,本研究将RNA酶孵育处理步骤整合入质粒提取的步骤中,省略了SDS-蛋白酶K孵育处理等步骤,降低了引入新杂质的风险,同时降低了实验成本,节省了时间和精力。体外转录的电泳结果表明,体外转录反应的产物浓度大,条带单一,可用于接种实验。抽穗期小麦穗部接种实验及实时定量PCR的结果均表明,小麦内源PDS基因被有效沉默,证实了优化的重组载体BSMV:γ-PDS体系的有效性,奠定了利用VIGS载体侵染抽穗期小麦体系优化的基础。