Mineral content of three olive cultivars irrigated with treated industrial wastewater

The reuse of saline treated industrial wastewater generated by textile firms mixed with municipal domestic effluent for irrigation was used to asses its effect on the mineral content of three olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars under greenhouse and field conditions during two complete vegetative cycles. Chemical analysis of the treated wastewater indicated that the element concentrations fall within the permissible range of irrigation water used for plants. However, little impermissible accumulation of Na and Mg higher than the recommended maximum concentration was observed. Irrigation water with six electrical conductivities (EC = 0.78, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m⁻¹ in treatments T₀, T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄, T₅, respectively) were compared in the greenhouse experiment. The olive trees in the field experiment were trickle irrigated with potable water and treated wastewater (average EC = 4.2 dS m⁻¹). The results of the greenhouse experiment showed that leaf N, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb, and Na contents increased with increasing salinity of the treated wastewater. This increase was accompanied with a decrease in K and Mg contents. Leaf Ca and Cl concentrations were not considerably affected. Ion analysis in roots indicated that the contents of P, Na, Cl, Mn, and Pb increased while K decreased as treated wastewater salinity increased. Consequently, in most cases T₄ and T₅ gave a highly significant increase or decrease in accumulation of the previously mentioned minerals. A considerable variation in the studied cultivars was noticed. ‘Nabali’ was considered the most tolerant cultivar for the high salinity levels of the treated wastewater; its transporting selectivity of Na from root to leaf was higher and more Na was retained in the roots. Tissue analysis of leaves indicated that the element concentrations were within the adequate levels except those of Fe in ‘Nabali’ and ‘Manzanillo’, Na in ‘Improved Nabali’ and Cu in ‘Nabali’ and ‘Manzanillo’. In view of these findings, the negligible accumulation of minerals in leaves and roots indicated that this kind of textile effluent can be used as a valid alternative for irrigation of olive orchards with continuous monitoring of mineral levels.     

稻秸秆纤维与麻纤维混合非织造布性能的研究

提取稻秸秆纤维与麻纤维,利用针刺非织造布技术制造稻秸秆-麻混合非织造布,并研究新型非织造布性能,主要为农业材料用布(如草坪培养基等)提供实验与理论数据,并提高相关资源利用率。实验研究表明,不同稻秸秆纤维提取温度、稻秸秆-麻纤维混合比、粘合剂浓度下制成的非织造布性能不一。在各单因素试验的基础上,通过L9(33)正交试验分析,以非织造布的吸湿性和断裂强力为综合指标,选择稻秸秆纤维提取温度为90℃、稻秸秆和麻的纤维混合比为1:1、粘合剂浓度为8%为最佳工艺组合。     

新型交叉学科纺织生物材料学研究

针对生物学学科和纺织学学科间交叉衔接的缺失、融合创新不到位,缺乏合理科学的人才培养体系的问题,该文从纺织生物材料学概念的界定、研究的核心问题、可能的课程安排等方面阐述该学科建设和人才培养的可能建议,旨在合理、科学地规划纺织生物材料学科的发展,使之成为纺织行业源头创新的基石.     

A study of laser treatment on polyester substrates

In this paper, modifications of textile properties of polyester due to laser irradiation were studied. Properties included fibre weight and diameter, tensile strength and elongation, yarn abrasion, bending, surface luster, wetting, air permeability as well as crystallinity. Some properties were affected significantly while others were found unchanged. Besides, some properties were positively affected and some were adversely changed. Generally speaking, laser irradiation could not affect the bulk property of polymer due to its low penetration depth, and hence, the effect of the laser irradiation on the bulk and structural properties was limited. However, the performance and comfort properties of the laser irradiated polyester could be largely affected by laser irradiation as these properties could have been changed considerably if the surface was modified.     

In vitro fatigue properties of prototype textile components of endovascular devices

The fatigue resistance of twelve tubular textile samples designed for use in prototype endovascular devices was tested by an accelerated fatigue tester. Three time points were selected, namely 0, 26×10⁶, and 100×10⁶ cycles, which are equivalent to 0, 10 months, and 38.5 months implanted in the human body. Changes in tubular diameter, woven fabric count, thickness, mass per unit area, porosity, water permeability, and bursting strength were selected to characterize the performance of these samples before and after fatigue testing. The results showed that all the samples experienced some fatigue during the study, and the evidence of fatigue became more apparent with increasing time. There were clearly observable relationships between the textile parameters and the fatigue performance of the prototype samples. Woven construction, yarn size and yarn type all interacted with each other to influence the fatigue performance. Samples with twill weaves fatigued more readily than those with a 1/1 plain weave. For all three woven constructions, samples with larger yarn size fatigued more easily. However, the fatigue performance of some samples with multifilament weft yarns is severe.     

A study on the compression behavior of spacer fabrics designed for concrete applications

Spacer fabrics have been used in many areas varying from medical applications to protection applications. Especially the three dimensional characteristic of spacer fabrics presents different opportunities for special applications. The compression resistant characteristic of spacer fabrics is one of their main properties. In this research the compression behaviour of spacer fabrics designed for concrete applications has been investigated. The effects of some parameters such as spacer yarn material, pattern and threading on the compression behaviour of spacer fabrics have been studied. According to the test results it was found that the material, pattern and the threading of spacer yarns are important parameters for the compression characteristics of spacer fabrics. It was also observed that the location angle of spacer yarn and the amount of the spacer yarns influence the compression behaviour of spacer fabrics.     

19世纪中叶中国丝纺织业生产估值的再研究

本文利用各种新收集的数据与史料,重新估算了19世纪中叶的中国丝纺织业的总产量,并引入GDP测算方法,核算了用1933年价格表示这一行业的增加值。     

竹纤维的利用

竹子是结构材料和纤维材料的理想原料。用竹纤维代替木纤维可用于制造经济墙板。此外,由于竹纤维是目前惟一的凉爽型纤维且具有绿色、环保等优良特性,现已是纺织行业纤维制衣研究与利用的热点。为此,综述了竹纤维的结构与性能、竹纤维的制备、竹纤维的的应用,指出了目前竹纤维研究中存在的问题,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

丝路花雨:彰显“纺织文化”魅力——新疆阿克苏纺织工业城生态绿地景观系统规划解析

阿克苏纺织工业城为"林-水-城"格局,具有丰富的耕地、森林、水资源和深厚的民俗文化资源。规划设计以"丝路花雨"为设计主题,采用流畅及飘动的丝带、"盛开的棉花"及"一片片洒落花瓣"来彰显工业城景观系统"纺织文化"魅力。设计以多浪文化为底蕴,以纺织经济为引擎,采用绿色板块与绿色廊道的联系,使产业园区成为具备完善的绿色网络系统、便捷的交通组织系统、可达的公共开放空间和集果品生产、旅游观光于一体的复合型工业新城。     

Critical periods of weed control in naturally green colored cotton BRS Verde

Cotton with naturally colored fiber is increasing as a commercial crop due specially to its textile processing with reduced environmental impact, as dying is not necessary. The critical period of weed control and the weed community were studied in a field with the naturally green colored fiber cv. BRS Verde cultivated in Missão Velha, Brazil. Without weed control during all the cycle, a reduction of 82.9% in yield was observed. The critical period of weed control was between 31 and 74 days after emergence for a reduction of 5% in yield. The weed community was composed of 21 species, with higher relative importance and dominance of monocotyledonous species. The beginning of the critical period was found to be more influential on yield than the ending. Thus, defining the right moment to start weed control can be more important to yield than determining the moment to cease it.