不同加工工艺对杜仲茶品质的影响

研究了不同工艺对杜仲荼品质的影响.感官审评结果表明,杜仲茶感官品质差异明显,体现了绿茶、乌龙茶和红茶的基本品质特征.色差分析结果显示,按照杜仲绿茶-杜仲乌龙荼-杜仲红茶顺序,干茶和茶汤的L*值减少.a*值增加.干茶b*值降低,茶汤b*值升高,干茶和茶汤的色相角(Ha*b*)减小.杜仲茶各色泽指标间的差异均达到显著水平.对主要化学成分进行了分析,结果表明,按照杜仲绿茶-杜仲乌龙茶-杜仲红茶顺序,绿源酸、黄酮、氨基酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素a、总叶绿素、水浸出物等成分的含量减少,且不同工艺问差异显著,而可溶性蛋白质、叶绿素b和粗纤维含量变化不大.     

Antioxidant Protection of Edible Oils

The ability of different cooking oils to withstand oxidation was investigated in relation to their native antioxidant capacity [measured as the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) value]. The antiperoxidation effect of the presence of the Chinese herbs, du-zhong (Cortex Eucommia ulmoides) and ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer) in corn oil was also investigated over 26 days’ storage at 55°C. Results showed that sesame oil had the highest FRAP value (803 μM), followed by canola oil (400 μM), and sunflower, peanut, corn and olive oils (100–153 μM). Oils with higher intrinsic antioxidant content showed higher resistance to oxidation, although this was not statistically significant. Corn oil to which was added the herbs du-zhong, ginseng or both had increased resistance to oxidation (conjugated diene level and lipid peroxide formation) over 26 days. FRAP values of the oil/herb mixtures decreased during this time, implying utilisation of herbal antioxidants. Results have implications for increasing the shelf-life and usage time of cooking oils by addition of herbs which can increase resistance of the oil to oxidation. Results have implications also for health, as it is possible that ingestion of these herbs could increase resistance of polyunsaturated fatty acids of cell membranes and lipoproteins to oxidation within the body.     

杜仲叶的功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用

本文就杜仲叶的功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用作一综述。     

杜仲叶提取物对异育银鲫生长、血清非特异性免疫和肌肉品质的影响

    进行两个试验考察饲料中添加杜仲叶提取物对异育银鲫生长、血清非特异性免疫和肌肉品质的影响试验一:采用平均体重为(240±20)g的异育银鲫鱼种,在基础饲料中分别添加00%(对照组)、01%、015%和02%杜仲叶提取物,饲养8周后,各组异育银鲫增重率分别为1249%、1279%、1410%、1232%,其中添加015%杜仲叶提取物较对照组显著提高鱼体增重率,降低饲料系数(P<005);对血清非特异性免疫指标的测定表明:添加01%、015%、02%杜仲叶提取物可在不同程度上提高血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismulasc,SOD)、溶茵酶(lysozyme,LSZ)和碱性磷酸酶活性(alkaline phosphatase,AKP),其中添加015%杜仲叶提取物对血清非特异性免疫指标的影响最显著;在肌肉品质方面,添加015%杜仲叶提取物可提高肌肉粗蛋白含量和肌肉耐折力(P<005),降低肌纤维直径和肌肉失水率(P<005)试验二:在基础饲料(含05%Cr2O3)中分别添加00%(对照组)、01%、015%和02%杜仲叶提取物,饲养平均体重为(553±35)g的异育银鲫,测定饲料营养物质消化率及肠道蛋白酶活性结果表明:添加015%杜仲叶提取物可显著提高异育银鲫粗蛋白消化率、干物质消化率和肠道蛋白酶活性(P<005)上述结果表明,饲料中添加015%杜仲叶提取物可提高异育银鲫对营养物质的消化率,促进生长,提高血清非特异性免疫力,改善肌肉品质     

杜仲叶提取物对肉糜制品抗氧化和抑菌作用的研究

研究了不同质量分数(0.10%,0.25%,0.50%)的杜仲叶提取物对猪肉糜制品的抗氧化和抑菌效果,并与添加质量分数0.05%抗坏血酸的处理组进行比较,测定了肉糜产品在8d贮藏期间TBARS,色泽、pH值和菌落总数的变化。结果表明,与对照组相比,所有处理组TBARS值均显著降低(p0.05)。添加0.10%和0.25%杜仲叶提取物对保持肉糜制品的红度值有较好的作用,但作用效果不及质量分数0.05%抗坏血酸的效果。在抑制微生物生长方面,质量分数0.25%和0.50%的杜仲叶提取物处理组表现出更强的抑菌能力,而质量分数0.10%杜仲叶提取物和0.05%抗坏血酸处理组的抑菌效果不明显。