夏谷新品种豫谷6号的选育

豫谷６号是应用有性杂交技术，经连续南繁、温室加代选择育成的夏谷新品种。具有高产稳产、高抗倒伏、高度抗旱、综合抗病力强等优良特性，适宜中等以上肥力水、旱地种植。     

Prediction of breeding values for osseous fragments in fetlock and hock joints, deforming arthropathy in hock joints, and pathologic changes in the navicular bones of Hanoverian Warmblood horses

The results of a standardised radiological examination of 5928 Hanoverian Warmblood horses selected for sale at auction were used to predict relative breeding values (RBV) in the 23,662 horses included in the last four generations of the probands' pedigrees. The distribution of the RBV was investigated in the whole four-generation pedigree, in the probands and in those stallions that contributed at least three offspring to the probands. The RBV of the probands' sires were further compared with the officially published performance-based relative breeding values, i.e., total indices dressage (TID) and jumping (TIJ). The sires' level of dressage indices was considerably higher (mean TID=110) than of the jumping indices (mean TIJ=98). Total indices radiographic findings (TIR) were calculated for the sires with varying weighting given to the individual RBV. In each case, this resulted in a mean TIR of 99. Finally, total indices were derived from TIR and TID and/or TIJ in order to develop different selection schemes for all-purpose breeding and for breeding focused on dressage and show jumping. All breeding values under consideration increased by between 1% and 19% when radiographic findings were weighted with between 30% and 60% complementary to the corresponding performance parameters, and when only sires were selected with above average total indices. At the same time, the prevalences of the radiographic findings investigated here were lowered by up to 10% each. When only one radiographic finding was considered at a time, the maximum attainable response to selection was a 16-23% increase in the relative breeding values and a relative decrease in prevalences of radiographic findings of between 31% and 52%. The results of this study indicate that it is possible in horse breeding to consider simultaneously health and performance traits. Medical data should be included in the prediction of breeding values in order to improve the radiological status of today's riding horses.     

Breeding objectives for beef cattle used in different production systems: 2. Model application to production systems with the Charolais breed

A general bio-economic model for beef cattle production was used to define breeding objectives for Charolais cattle to be utilized in a variety of linked production systems. Economic weights were calculated for 16 traits (some with both direct and maternal components) in three production systems (pure-breeding and terminal crossing with beef or dairy cows) and two marketing strategies (sale or fattening of weaned surplus calves). Economic weights for the total breeding objective were calculated as weighted averages, where weights were numbers of cows expected to be mated with Charolais bulls in each production system and marketing strategy. Results suggest that the direct component of calving performance and cow longevity were of primary economic importance in all systems. Conception rate of cows and weaning weight reached about 50% of the standardized economic weight of calving performance in purebred systems with sale of weaned calves, whereas in purebred systems with fattening the economic importance of the direct component of cow conception rate, losses at calving, mature weight of cows, weaning weight, and fattening traits were of equal importance (each approximately about 20% that of calving performance). In terminal crossing systems, weaning weight was important when calves were sold at weaning, and fattening traits were important for systems selling fattened animals. The bio-economic model performed well under the conditions of this demonstration and could easily be customized for other applications.     

苹果矮化砧木‘辽砧2号’选育

从1135系的助列涅特与M9杂交实生苗中选出优良苹果矮化砧木—辽砧2号(原代号80-1-6),经过22年田间观查和区试鉴定,其矮化性、早果性、丰产性、生根性与M26相近,适应性强于M26,以其为中间砧的富士树栽后6年进入盛果期,平均株产为23.5kg,同龄M26为17.2kg;8年生树冠积为4.07m3,同龄M26为4.58m3,树体存活率较M26高55%,平均每666.7m2产量1000kg以上;与基砧山定子和生产上主栽的富士系、元帅系、国光系等品种亲和性良好,以自根砧和中间砧方式利用均可。     

茭白新品种"金茭2号"的选育及其栽培技术

介绍了金茭2号的选育背景、选育过程、产量表现及其特征特性和主要栽培技术。     

甘蔗新品种闽糖93-730的选育研究

闽糖93—730是福建省农科院甘蔗研究所以川57—416为母本、CP57-614为父本,通过杂交选育出的一个优良甘蔗新品种,该品种具有高产高糖、早熟、宿根性强、抗逆性强、适应性广等优良特性。多年多点试验结果表明,闽糖93—730每公顷蔗茎产量94．972t,11～2月份平均蔗糖分15．39％,每公顷含糖量14．594t,比对照种增产1．48％、蔗糖分提高0．36个百分点、增糖4．40％。     

系统选择在小麦育种中的应用与启示

从育种角度出发,分析了从20世纪60年代以来系统选择在育种中的应用,并通过举例说明其在小麦育种中的极大贡献,进一步从理论角度论证该方法在小麦育种中的利用价值,为小麦育种工作提供借鉴和参考.     

蔬菜作物多倍体育种研究进展

对蔬菜作物多倍体育种研究的主要进展进行了综述。重点对蔬菜多倍体的 获得途径、多倍体的植物学特征、同源三倍体的不育性、四倍体的低稔性、抗逆性研究进行了综述，介绍了多倍体在蔬菜育种上的应用，并提出了蔬菜多倍体育种尚待解决 的关键问题。     

湘红菜薹一号的选育

湘红菜薹一号是以自交不亲和系９４１５－２和孤雌生殖系Ｊ－７－２配制的紫菜薹一代杂种,极早熟,从播种到始收４５天左右,早期产量高,菜薹亮紫色,无蜡粉,味甜,品质好,耐热,抗软腐病能力强,适应性广,适用于长江流域夏秋栽培和早熟秋冬栽培。     

甜菜抗旱性评价体系及抗旱育种研究进展

综述了植物抗旱性评价体系研究进展及甜菜抗旱育种方面的研究进展,为建立甜菜抗旱鉴定评价体系,筛选抗旱型甜菜品种提供参考;密切关注这方面的研究进展,有助于甜菜抗旱节水育种方面的研究,提高甜菜对气候变暖、干旱加剧的适应能力。