稻瘟菌诱导性稻叶脂氧合酶的进一步纯化及抗体制备

 采用DEAE-Toyopearl离子交换、Buty l-Toyopear l疏水层析、CM-Toyopearl离子交换、Sephacryl S100凝胶过滤和FPLCMono Q等步骤,从非亲和性稻瘟菌侵染稻叶中纯化了两种诱导性脂氧合酶,即CM-Loxl和CM-Lox2。SDS-PAGE检测结果表明:CM-Lox1和CM-Lox2为单链多肽,它们的分子量分别为98 kd和102 kd。利用微量免疫法制备了CM-Lox1和CM-Lox2的抗体,制备的抗体效价达到1:1000倍,能检测0.5~2.0 ng的抗原。免疫印迹杂交证明CM-Lox1和CM-Lox2之间存在密切的血清学关系。此外,Anti-CM-Lox1和Anti-CM-Lox2与水稻中另一稻瘟菌诱导性脂氧合酶RLL以及发芽种子出现的RL-2也存在交叉反应。     

对吉林省水稻区试品种(系)稻瘟病的抗性鉴定

2001～2005年采用苗期人工接种、本田期田间病谱自然诱发鉴定方法,对869份次水稻区试品种(系)进行了抗稻瘟病鉴定,109个品种完成了3年的连续鉴定,其中通粳612、通院5、通育01U307、九10B14、九10B3、吉2000F27、吉2000F46、通院6号、通育01-221、吉2000F59、通系158、通丰8号、通研7号、九02GA2、白122、吉01-3341、九02GB5、吉2000G18、九02YC11、九02YC17、九02YC5、通院7号、通院9号、吉2000F57、吉01-3786、吉01-3657和吉2000F61品种在全省各地对穗瘟抗性水平达中抗以上。     

工业企业高炉炉衬侵蚀监测系统的研究动态

本在介绍高炉炼铁工况的基础上。分析了高炉炉体砌层－炉衬的侵蚀机理，对高炉炉衬侵蚀的检测方法进行了探讨。在重点研究了国内外高炉炉衬侵蚀检测方法的前提下，对目前较先进的“触发脉冲响应法（ＦＭＴ）”的原理和优缺点进行了分析。     

优质、抗稻瘟病香型水稻三系不育系繁源A的选育

以长丰B为母本,乐丰B为父本杂交配组选育保持系,再与乐丰A测交、回交转育,育成野败籼型香稻三系不育系繁源A,于2013年通过福建省品种审定。结果表明,繁源A不育性稳定、配合力强、异交率高、抗稻瘟病、米质优异有香味。     

Analysis of the Resistance Gene Analogue for Rice Cultivars in Yunnan Province

Genetic diversity of commercial and local rice cultivars in Yunnan Province was studied using the resistance gene analogue (RGA) based on resistance gene conserved sequences. The RGA analysis of 137cultivars was conducted by PCR amplification using three primers, i.e. S1/AS3, XLRR for/XLRR rev, and Pto-kin1/Pto-kin2, respectively. The results showed that both Indica and Japonica cultivars were genetically highly diverse. All cultivars were divided into 3 lineages according to the DNA band data at 96% dissimilarity,and into 20 lineages at 60% dissimilarity. The lineages were related to their genetic background and blast disease resistance with only a few exceptions. The RGA data can be useful in rice production by mixed-planting of different cultivars in the field and breeding of resistance cultivars by selecting different parental cultivars with great genetic diversity.     

三黄占2号稻瘟病抗性与稻米直链淀粉含量的关系研究

以高抗稻瘟病、直链淀粉含量（AC）较高的三黄占2号和高感稻瘟病、AC较低的丽江新团黑谷衍生的重组自交系群体为研究材料，从性状的相关性和控制两性状的基因在染色体上的位置关系剖析稻瘟病抗性和稻米AC的内在关系。结果表明，两性状间没有显著的相关性。3个与AC相关的QTL分别被定位在第5、6和7染色体上，其加性效应均来自丽江新团黑谷，起降低AC的作用。比较这些QTL与先前对同一群体鉴定的稻瘟病抗性基因（主效基因和QTL）在染色体上的位置，表明控制这两性状的基因上没有紧密连锁关系, 亦没有显著的基因间互作。据此认为，通过亲本的合理选择和分子标记辅助选择可以把三黄占2号稻瘟病持久抗性与理想AC整合到同一品系中，育成优质、抗病的优良品种。     

“外选35”和“七丝占”重组自交系群体抗稻瘟病QTL的初步定位

以中国华南地区曾普遍使用的抗瘟性水稻材料外选35和广东最早的优质食味好的品种七丝占为亲本材料,建立的重组自交系群体。利用广东省水稻育种新技术暨农业部水稻遗传改良重点实验室分离的广东稻区稻瘟菌ZC-13和ZC-15两个小种进行单小种接种鉴定抗瘟性,利用QTLmapper2.0进行抗瘟性QTL定位分析。结果共检测到2个QTL,均位于第12号染色体的RM117-RM179区间。对由外选35育成的7个抗性品种进行检测分析,所选的品种该区段均来源于外选35,初步验证该区段可能含抗稻瘟病位点。     

三个粳稻品种的稻瘟和白叶枯病抗性遗传分析

 分析了城特232、嘉23和浙湖8号等3个粳稻品种对稻瘟病菌ZD1、ZE1和ZF1及白叶枯病菌8810-1的抗性遗传,结果表明,3个抗病亲本对ZD1、和ZF1的抗性都带有2对显性重复基因。等位性测定表明其中至少有1对是等位的，对ZE1小种的抗性均受1对显性基因控制，等位性分析三者的抗性基因各不相同。城特232和嘉23对白叶枯病抗性是由1对显性基因控制，而浙湖8号为2对显性互补基因控制。等位性测定表明城特232和嘉23的1对基因是等位的，但与浙湖8号的2对抗性基因是不等位的。推断了抗病亲本的可能的抗性基因。     

Fungicide and cultivar effects on the development and temporal progress of wheat blast under field conditions

The epidemiology of wheat blast, caused by the Triticum pathotype of Pyricularia oryzae, is poorly understood, making it very difficult to manage. We reported on the individual and combined effect of host resistance and fungicide application for managing wheat blast disease on spikes. Two field experiments (Exp. 1 and Exp. 2) were conducted in a region of Brazil where blast is not known to be endemic to evaluate its development as influenced by fungicide and host resistance. Plots of wheat cultivars BR-18 (partially resistant) and Guamirim (susceptible) were either treated with the fungicide epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin or left non-treated, and then inoculated with a spore suspension of P. oryzae at mid-anthesis. Spike blast incidence and severity, quantified at regular intervals after inoculation, increased over time, and fungicide and cultivar had statistically significant effects (P < 0.005) on both measures of disease and their temporal rates of progress. Relative to Guamirim-non-treated, BR-18-non-treated (resistance alone) led to 44 and 64% control of final incidence and severity, respectively, in Exp. 1, and 3 and 49% control, respectively, in Exp. 2. Guamirim-treated (fungicide alone) led to 65% control of incidence and 77% control of severity in Exp. 1, and 64% control of incidence and 95% control of severity in Exp. 2. For both incidence and severity, fungicide and resistance alone also reduced the temporal rate of progress relative to the susceptible non-treated. However, the greatest overall efficacy was observed when resistance and fungicide were combined, with over 70 and 90% control of final incidence and severity, respectively, and over 75% reduction in the temporal rate of spike blast progress. Based on percent control, the integrated effect of resistance and fungicide was additive for incidence, severity, and their temporal rates of progress, demonstrating the value of combining the two strategies to manage spike blast.     

遗传同质性在水稻品种抗瘟性丧失中的作用初探

遗传同质性在水稻品种抗瘟性丧失中的作用初探＊孙国昌杜新法柴荣耀孙漱沅（浙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所,杭州３１００２１）ＡＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＧｅｎｅｔｉｃＨｏｍｏｇｅｎｅｉｔｙｏｎＲｉｃｅＶａｒｉｅｔｙＲｅｓｉｓ...