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1.
2.
不同施肥处理对“稻花香”食味的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以"稻花香"为供试材料,研究了不同施肥处理(T1,常规处理;T2,豆饼处理;T3,豆饼+麦饭石处理)对稻米食味品质的影响。结果表明,T3处理的整精米率高于T1和T2处理,垩白粒率表现为T3T2T1,而碎米率表现为T3T2T1。从稻米的成分来看,蛋白质含量表现为T1T2T3的倾向,3种处理的直链淀粉含量无显著差异,T3处理的评分极显著高于T1和T2处理,T1和T2处理间差异不显著。淀粉糊化特性方面,最高粘度表现为T2T3T1,崩解值表现为T3T2T1,而消减值表现为T3T2T1。品尝试验中,3个处理在米饭外观上的差异不明显,T2、T3处理的香气与T1处理存在显著差异,T2、T3处理的综合评价值极显著高于T1处理。T2处理的味道、粘度和硬度与T1处理差异不显著,而T3处理的味道和粘度与T1处理存在显著差异。 相似文献
3.
Abbas Rajaeerad Gholam R. Ghorbani Mohammad Khorvash Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi Amir H. Mahdavi Mirja R. Wilkens 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(1):14-25
This study investigated the effects of low potassium diets with different levels of Ca compared to two diets low in dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) fed prepartum as a strategy to prevent hypocalcemia on sorting behaviour, total tract digestibility, oxidative status and energy and protein metabolism of transition cows. Forty-eight pregnant dairy cows were assigned to 4 treatment groups: Low Ca, low K (LCLK), High Ca, low K (HCLK), Supplementation with anionic mineral mixture (AMS) supplementation with SoyChlor (CAS). After parturition, all animals were fed a standard postpartum diet. Data were collected until 21 DIM. Prepartum urinary pH was significantly reduced by the low DCAD diets, while postpartum Ca homeostasis was affected by the HCLK ration. Feeding AMS induced sorting against particles <1.18 mm in favour of particles >19 mm prepartum. In contrast, cows fed CAS showed an increase in selective consumption of fine particles and sorted against longer particles similar to the HCLK and LCLK groups. Postpartum sorting activity was not affected by the dietary treatments. After calving, apparent digestibility of NDF was significantly reduced in the HCLK group. Prepartum, we observed effects on serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids were higher and insulin sensitivity was lower in the AMS group. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was decreased in cows fed the CAS ration. Postpartum, we found serum protein to be decreased with the low DCAD diets while BUN was decreased in the CAS group. The low DCAD rations increased prepartum serum malondialdehyde concentrations, while postpartum total antioxidant capacity was lower in the HCLK and the AMS group. From these data, we conclude that AMS decreased prepartum intake due to compromised palatability. Intermediate protein metabolism was affected by the low DCAD diets, while parameters of oxidative stress were probably affected by acid–base balance and Ca homeostasis. 相似文献
4.
在2009和2010年利用独特的稻/麦轮作系统FACE(Free Air CO2 Enrichment,开放式空气CO2浓度增高)平台,以武运粳21、扬辐粳8号、武香粳14和武粳15为供试材料,研究了高浓度CO(2比大气背景CO2浓度高200 μmol·mol-1)对粳稻蒸煮米的硬度、粘性、香气、光泽、完整性、味道和口感等的影响。物性分析仪测定结果表明,高浓度CO2环境下粳稻熟米的硬度和粘性总体呈增加趋势,其中扬辐粳8号两指标的增幅均达显著水平。食味计测定结果显示,高浓度CO2对蒸煮稻米香气、光泽度、完整性、味道和口感等食味品质指标均没有影响。相关分析表明,CO2与品种的互作对米饭硬度和粘性有显著影响,但对食味品质参数均没有影响。CO2与年度、CO2与年度和品种间的互作对所有测定参数均无显著影响。两年数据一致表明,未来高浓度CO2环境下粳稻蒸煮米的硬度和粘性将呈增加趋势,增幅因品种而异,但米饭食味品质无显著变化。 相似文献
5.
小米食味(适口性)评价方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
常规化学分析测试方法和百分制感观评定方法是目前小米进行适口性评价的二种主要方法。笔者以小米的色泽、芳香、味道、粘性、回生以及综合评价等六项感观性状为评定指标,设3、2、1、0、-1、-2、-3共7个评判值,以统一对照(晋谷21号)为参照,对参评品种的评判平均数进行T测验统计评价分析。评价分析结果:长农35号食味值为1.389,长农39号食味值为1.000,两个品种品尝食味值高,与晋谷21号达到95%水平上的显著差异,是适口性好的优质小米品种。该分析结果与前二种方法基本一致,分析方法方便科学,可以作为一种新的小米适口性评价方法。 相似文献
6.
无公害灭鼠剂克鼠星防治中华鼢鼠试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
进行了无公害灭鼠剂克鼠星对中华鼢鼠的杀灭率、适口性及大田防治成本试验。结果表明,在室内试验中,克鼠星对中华鼢鼠的杀灭率为100%,大田试验中,防治率在83.7%~92.3%,其中春季和秋季防治率可达91.4%;克鼠星对中华鼢鼠的适口性极好,摄食系数为0.88~1.03。采用切封洞法防治用药量少,防治费用最低,投药有效率为70.0%~92.0%,比插洞法高40%以上;春季投药有效率最高,春季采用切封洞法投药较夏季投药有效率提高22.0%。 相似文献
7.
高节竹是优良的笋材兼用竹种, 竹鞭延伸生长能力强, 具有较高的鞭笋生产潜力。为评价高节竹鞭笋品质和适口性, 以毛竹鞭笋为对照, 比较两者外观形态和营养物质、呈味物质含量的差异。结果表明:与毛竹鞭笋相比, 高节竹鞭笋略长, 个体质量、基径和蛋白质、纤维素、木质素、单宁、草酸、总酸含量明显较低, 而可食率、糖酸比和脂肪、可溶性糖含量明显较高。高节竹、毛竹鞭笋除鲜味氨基酸含量差异不明显外, 高节竹鞭笋的氨基酸总量及其它氨基酸组分的含量显著低于毛竹鞭笋, 但鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸和芳香类氨基酸组分比例显著高于毛竹鞭笋, 苦味氨基酸组分比例明显低于毛竹鞭笋。研究表明, 高节竹鞭笋较为粗大、可食率高、粗糙度低、适口性好, 质量总体优于毛竹鞭笋。 相似文献
8.
R. J. Kaitho I. V. Nsahlai B. A. Williams N. N. Umunna S. Tamminga J. van Bruchem 《Agroforestry Systems》1997,39(2):129-144
The aim of this work was to assess whether degradability, gas production or chemical constituents could predict the preference
of browses. Forty tropical browse species leaves with a crude protein (CP) content ranging from 79 to 307 g kg-1 DM were used for this study. The neutral detergent fibre (NDF) ranged from 220 to 694 g kg-1 DM, while acid detergent fibre (ADF) ranged from 146 to 523 g kg-1 DM. The NDF-bound nitrogen (NDFN) and ADF-bound nitrogen were particularly high in Calliandra calothyrsus, Acacia polyacantha,
Sesbania sesban, Acacia venosa and Acacia hockii. High levels of tannins were observed in Acacia species especially A. dolichocephala,
A. hockii, A. microbotrya and A. salicina. High levels were also observed in Flemingia macrophyla and Leucaena pallida. The
browse species differed (P < 0.05) in DM in sacco degradability coefficients. High potential degradability (PD) and effective
degradability (ED) were observed in Sesbania spp, Moringa stenopetala, Indigofera arrecta, Chamaecytisus palmensis and Atriplex
spp. The browses differed (P < 0.05) in asymptotic gas (Ag) production (ml g-1 OM), but had similar (P > 0.05) times of incubation at which half of the asymptotic gas had been formed. Preference and DM
intake were positively correlated (P < 0.01) to NDFN, but negatively correlated (P < 0.05) to NDF and ADF. The PD and Ag were
negatively (P < 0.001) related to NDF, ADF and lignin. Total phenols (TP) and condensed tannins (CT) were negatively (P <
0.05) related to PD, ED and Ag. A positive correlation was observed between CT and NDF-bound condensed tannins (r = 0.55,
P < 0.001) and, CT and TP (r = 0.40, P < 0.01). Prediction equations were poor for DM intake and preference, moderate for
gas production and good for potential and effective degradabilities. The phenolic components were more related to dry matter
degradation and gas production than to preference and dry matter intake. NDFN and Ag made a positive contribution to both
preference and DM intake. It was concluded that chemical constitutes such as N, NDF, NDFN, ADF and lignin are essential to
predict the nutritive value of browses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
中日水稻品种食味特性的研究 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6
对天津主栽品种和日本水稻品种的食味特性进行比较表明,感官鉴定综合评价的平均值,天津品种(-0.42)低于日本品种(-0.05)。两品种群的理化特性值不存在显著差异,天津品种津稻779的直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量以及最高粘度值都接近日本优良食味品种koshihikari和kinuhikari的水平。复回归分析结果表明,综合评价与直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量以及最高粘度之间呈极显著相关,直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量以及最高粘度对综合评价的贡献率为8∶7∶5。 相似文献
10.
上海和韩国粳稻品种米质特性比较 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用6个上海粳稻品种和9个韩国粳稻品种进行了品质特性比较分析。结果表明,上海和韩国品种间的粒宽、长宽比、穗着粒密度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量和碱消值均呈显著的差异,上海水稻品种比韩国水稻品种粒型较细长,穗着粒密度高,直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量和碱消值高,但食味值和淀粉谱特性则相反,韩国水稻品种的食味值和淀粉谱特性中的最高粘度值、最终粘度值和下降粘度值显著高于上海水稻品种。水稻品质特性间相关分析结果表明,食味值与直链淀粉含量,蛋白质含量和穗着粒密度呈极显著负相关,而与最高粘度值和下降粘度值呈显著的正相关。直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量与最高粘度值、最低粘度值和最终粘度值均呈极显著的负相关。由此认为,通过育种手段降低直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量,改进穗型和粒型结构,并在栽培措施上降低氮肥施用量是提高上海水稻品质的有效途径。 相似文献