农作物病虫预报可视化发展与应用前景

农作物病虫预报可视化具有形象生动、信息传递快捷、覆盖面广等优点,是更好发挥预报作用的最佳方式。大范围实施这种预报发布形式的条件,目前已基本成熟,经过努力,必然会在不长的时间内取得长足进展。     

光照条件下粉末磷脂储藏稳定性初探

文章叙述了末磷酸脂在一定条件下的储藏稳定性变化规律，以过氧化值（ＰＯＶ）酸价（ＡＶ）为示踪指标，研究在常见的几种光照条件下粉末磷脂品质变化，同时，对不同光线下，不同包装形式的过氧化值和酸价作了分析测定。从实验结果看，光线是粉末磷脂不稳定的主要因素，其中荧光和紫外光对其影响较大。     

毒死蜱、乙酰甲胺磷、阿维菌素防治枸杞瘿螨药效试验

枸杞生长期长，害虫种类多且危害严重。枸杞瘿螨是危害枸杞的主要螨类，危害广泛而严重。除4月中旬枸杞展叶，5月下旬，6月上旬新枝萌发瘿螨向嫩叶、新枝扩散而暴露于瘿外，其余时间都在瘿内危害，防治难度非常大。该试验在室内就40%毒死蜱、30%乙酰甲胺磷、0.9%阿维菌素3种药剂毒力及其对枸杞瘿螨防治效果进行试验检测，表明这3种药剂对枸杞瘿螨均有显著的防治效果，可以在生产中推广应用。     

Permanent transvenous cardiac pacing

Transvenous cardiac pacing is a commonly employed treatment for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in dogs. Medical management of these conditions has not proven to be successful leaving pacing as the only viable alternative. The technique of pacemaker implantation is not difficult, but successful pacemaker therapy requires an understanding of electrophysiology, cardiac fluoroscopic anatomy, pacemaker instrumentation, and programming. Proper patient selection and identification of the underlying rhythm disturbance is essential to a successful clinical outcome. This article discusses the indications, equipment, techniques, complications, and outcome of permanent transvenous cardiac pacing.     

辐照对宠物干粮食品酸价的影响

为研究辐照对宠物干粮食品在储藏过程中脂肪氧化的影响,以新鲜牛肉为材料,添加抗氧化剂后制成宠物干粮食品,通过检测储藏过程中样品酸价的变化研究辐照对抗氧化效果的影响,未添加抗氧化剂的样品作为对照。所用抗氧化剂包括叔丁基对苯二酚、没食子酸丙酯、茶多酚、生育酚和抗坏血酸钠。结果表明:储藏100d时,复合抗氧化剂smc对酸价的抑制率最高为51.0%,辐照处理结合复合抗氧化剂smc的方式对酸价的抑制率次之为48.7%;辐照后,样品的酸价在储藏过程中的升高速度缓于未辐照样品的速度。辐照处理可以抑制酸价的升高,辐照处理结合复合抗氧化剂smc的方式更适用于抑制货架期超过4个月的宠物干粮食品在储藏过程中酸价升高的脂肪氧化。     

武夷岩茶茶多酚对油脂的抗氧化效果

在猪油中分别添加0．4％的V、VE和武夷岩茶TP，85℃下进行抗氧化试验14d，间日取样测定油脂POV和AV。结果：Vc、VE和TP对油脂氧化的抑制率分别达到31．7％、4．8％、92．5％（P〈0．05或0．01）；对照组和添加VE、Vc的油脂AV分别升高280％、274％、11％，而TP使油脂AV降低27％。结果说明TP对油脂有显著的抗氧化效果，其作用优于Vc和VE。     

Dual Chamber Pacemaker Implantation in Dogs with Atrioventricular Block

Background: Pacemaker implantation is the treatment of choice for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. In dogs, a single chamber system is commonly used. In human patients with high-grade 2nd- or 3rd-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, physiologic pacing is recommended, because it improves cardiac output, blood pressure, exercise tolerance, and quality of life. In dogs, this type of pacing is seldom used.
Hypothesis: The implantation of a dual chamber pacemaker in dogs with AV block is a feasible procedure for restoring AV synchrony.
Animals: Thirty-three privately owned dogs with high-grade 2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block were included.
Methods: Patient data of all dogs with AV block presented for pacemaker implantation between December 1997 and November 2004 were reviewed.
Results: Dual chamber pacemaker implantation with AV synchronous stimulation was successfully performed in 33/33 dogs (100%). In 9/33 (27%) major and in 12/33 (36%) minor complications were observed. Mean survival time for the patients discharged from hospital (n = 32) was 33.6 ± 20.4 months (range, 3.9–83.5 months).
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Dual chamber pacing is a feasible procedure in dogs with 2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block and is not associated with a higher complication rate compared with single chamber pacemaker systems. A major advantage over ventricular demand pacemaker systems is the restoration of AV synchrony for a substantial period of time.     

CYP71AV1和CPR基因在转基因青蒿后代中的遗传分析

为研究CYP71AV1和CPR基因在转基因青蒿后代中的遗传及表达特性,在获得共转CYP71AV1和CPR基因青蒿(GYR)T0代的基础上,对其T2代用普通PCR和Southern Blot分别检测了目标基因分离比及部分植株中目标基因拷贝数;利用实时定量PCR分析了部分植株中目标基因的转录水平;利用HPLC-ELSD测定了其青蒿素含量;对其关键农艺性状也进行了测定。结果表明虽然目标基因在世代间可以顺利遗传,但其拷贝数则有一些不规则的变化,转基因位点的纯合较难实现;目标基因的表达也受到基因组的修饰限制系统影响。T2代青蒿素含量最高的一组平均含量比对照提高46.9%,植株鲜重和叶片干重则没有显著差异。本研究为进一步获得遗传稳定的转基因青蒿株系打下了基础。     

Effects of diltiazem on hemodynamic variables and ventricular function in healthy horses

Quinidine is effective for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in horses, but often accelerates ventricular response rate. Diltiazem effectively controls heart rate response to AF in other species. This investigation determined the effects of diltiazem on cardiac rate and rhythm, left ventricular (LV) function, central hemodynamics, and peripheral blood flow in normal, standing, nonsedated horses. A dose-finding study was performed. Afterward, 8 healthy horses were treated with diltiazem IV every 30 minutes to achieve cumulative dosages of 0 (saline control), 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/kg. Plasma diltiazem concentration, heart rate and rhythm (by electrocardiography), LV function and central hemodynamics (by cardiac catheterization), LV dimensions (by echocardiography), and forelimb blood flow (by Doppler sonography) were determined during each treatment period. Diltiazem plasma concentrations between 390 and 910 ng/mL were achieved, with considerable variation among horses. Cardiac effects of diltiazem included intermittent depression of the sinus and atrioventricular (AV) nodes and mild impairment of systolic and diastolic LV function. Vascular effects of diltiazem included arterial vasodilatation, increased limb blood flow, and decreased systemic vascular resistance. Baroreceptor reflex-mediated sympathetic activation increased sinus node rate and presumably blunted the depressive effects of diltiazem on myocardial and nodal tissues. Two horses developed transient high-grade sinus arrest with severe systemic hypotension. Diltiazem appears relatively safe in healthy horses, but dosage may be limited by hypotension from vasodilatation and direct suppression of sinus node discharge. Because of its inhibitory effects on AV nodal conduction, diltiazem may prove useful for heart rate control in horses with AF.