籽用西葫芦新品种比较试验

为了解决新疆昌吉地区籽用西葫芦品种繁杂、产量不高、效益不好等问题,从山西省引进10个籽用西葫芦新品种,通过田间试验比较分析了各品种的生育期、植物学性状、果实性状、籽粒性状、抗病性及产量等指标,初步筛选出3个适合新疆昌吉地区种植的籽用西葫芦品种,分别为籽瑞宝、ZHL-3和华仁九号,3个品种白粉病、病毒病发病率均在10%及以下,667 m~2籽粒产量175 kg以上。     

基于二次正交旋转组合设计的西葫芦果实 贮前热处理条件的优化

为明确热水处理减轻西葫芦果实冷害的最佳处理条件,以“绿丰”西葫芦为材料,电解质外渗率y为冷害的表征指标,在单因素试验基础上,采用二次正交旋转组合试验设计,研究热处理温度x₁、热处理时间x₂对西葫芦果实表征函数影响,并经统计分析,建立数学模型。 结果表明,所得回归方程为y= 142.608 647-0.690 821x₂ + 0.051 444 x₁² + 0.007 499 x₂²,达到极显著水平,且无失拟因素存在;在热处理（43.3℃、28.4 min）的最佳工艺条件下,于（4±0.5）℃低温下胁迫10 d后西葫芦果实电解质外渗率实测值为33.41%,与理论值相对误差为0.95%,较未处理组降低了27.26%。该试验优化西葫芦果实冷害减轻的热处理工艺参数准确可靠、稳定、可行,为西葫芦采后贮藏技术与果蔬冷害防治的进一步研究提供了一定的技术依据。     

Inheritance of zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance in Cucumis melo L.

Summary Resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus has been found in the muskmelon line PI 414723 from India. This resistance is effective against the ZYMV strains E15 and 1318 belonging respectively to the NF and F pathotypes. Resistance to E15 (no vein clearing and yellowing symptoms) is governed by one dominant gene (symbol Zym) according to segregations observed in F₁, F₂ and BC₁ progenies. This gene is epistatic dominant over Fn, which induces wilting and necrosis after inoculation with F pathotype. Linkage studies suggest that Zym inherits independently from Fom-1, Fom-2, Vat, Wmv and Fn but is linked with a (13.1 ±2.4 units).     

小西葫芦绿斑驳花叶病毒生物学特性及传播方式

小西葫芦绿斑驳花叶病毒(Zucchini green mottle mosaic virus,ZGMMV)是我国新报道的侵染葫芦科作物的烟草花叶病毒属病毒.从感染病毒的葫芦叶片中分离出ZGMMV,摩擦接种西瓜(Citrullus lanatus)、葫芦(Lagenaria siceraria)、西葫芦(Cucurbit...     

番茄褪绿病毒病在山东设施西葫芦上的发生及潜在危害

番茄褪绿病毒tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)是我国蔬菜生产的重要新发病毒,其寄主范围逐年扩大。2019年10月项目组在山东寿光西葫芦温室调查时发现部分叶片呈现黄化、脉间褪绿,类似于ToCV侵染症状,并伴有烟粉虱发生。利用特异性引物检测发现,扩增的目的片段与GenBank中登录的侵染番茄的ToCV基因序列(登录号：KC887998.1)同源性高达99.58%,充分说明西葫芦植株已被ToCV侵染。通过对病毒病发生规律和烟粉虱虫口数量调查发现,西葫芦定植后1个月表现侵染症状的植株为2.0%,定植后2个月达到4.2%,定植后4个月后高达68.2%,病毒发生呈指数增长,而烟粉虱虫口数量却维持较低密度。从济南和德州采集的西葫芦疑似病叶和烟粉虱中也检出ToCV病毒,说明该病毒可能已经在山东省设施西葫芦主要种植区普遍发生,并经烟粉虱广泛传播,需引起高度重视。     

Modeling temporal progress of plant diseases

A model for describing temporal progress of plant diseases is presented. The model (termed a ‘mixed’ model) coincides in two special cases with the logistic and the monomolecular models introduced by Vanderplank. The mixed model is implemented using some data available on the spread of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) from a field experiment in Israel.     

Inheritance of resistance to the Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus in the cucumber line TMG-1 and cosegregation with zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance

Inbred lines derived from the Chinese cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivar, ‘Taichung Mou Gua’ (TMG), have been shown to be resistant to several potyviruses including: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), zucchini yellow fleck virus (ZYFV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W). Recently, an additional virus that infects cucurbits, the Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV), has been determined to be a distinct member of the potyvirus group. This study demonstrates that TMG-1 possesses resistance to MWMV. Rub or aphid inoculated TMG-1 seedlings remain free of symptoms. Progeny analyses of the F₁, F₂ and backcross generations show that resistance to MWMV is conferred by a single recessive gene (proposed designation, mwm). Sequential inoculation of progeny possessing resistance to ZYMV followed by MWMV (or MWMV followed by ZYMV) and analysis of F₃ families derived from F₂ individuals selected for resistance to ZYMV indicate that both resistances are conferred by the same gene, or two tightly linked genes. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

不同有机肥用量树叶复混基质对西葫芦的育苗效果

【目的】研究不同有机肥用量对基质理化性质、西葫芦植株形态指标和生理指标的影响,筛选出最适合西葫芦育苗的树叶复混基质配方。【方法】 以农业废弃物树叶和菇渣作为基质材料,用不同有机肥用量进行树叶基质的发酵试验,以西葫芦品种早青一代为试材,进行西葫芦穴盘育苗试验,验证树叶复混基质配方效果。【结果】 各个处理对西葫芦的根系部分生长有促进作用,且有机肥用量为10%的树叶复混基质(树叶∶菇渣=2∶1)是全部处理中效果较好,可以降低成本的最佳的基质配方。【结论】 在西葫芦穴盘育苗中可采用树叶复混基质代替草炭,降低育苗成本。     

携带eGFP的ZYMV侵染性克隆的构建及其侵染性

 小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV)是瓜类作物主要病毒之一,严重威胁瓜类产业的可持续发展。本研究在ZYMV 甜瓜分离物CH-87侵染性克隆基础上,利用同源重组策略在NIb和CP编码序列之间插入了eGFP,命名为pXT1-ZYMV-eGFP。将pXT1-ZYMV-eGFP转化农杆菌并接种西瓜和甜瓜,结果发现pXT1-ZYMV-eGFP可以系统侵染西瓜和甜瓜,引起典型的花叶症状,在紫外灯下发病植株呈现绿色荧光。经摩擦接种证实,该克隆接种后所产生的病毒子代可以稳定的传播繁殖。研究表明携带eGFP的ZYMV侵染性克隆成功构建,可用于该病毒致病性及病毒与寄主互作的相关研究。