接触二甲苯实验人员淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析

目的:研究二甲苯对实验人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的影响.方法:外周血培养制备染色体标本,分析外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变.结果:二甲苯接触组的染色体数目畸变细胞率(11.3%)高于对照组(6.8%)(P＜0.05);结构畸变细胞率(包括裂隙)(3.57%)高于对照组(2.6%)(P＜0.05)并且呈剂量效应关系;接触组的未成熟着丝粒分离细胞率(1.85%)与对照组(1.34%)相比无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:二甲苯接触导致外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变增加;二甲苯接触是否诱导未成熟着丝粒分离有待进一步深入研究.     

常用农药对5种昆虫细胞系的毒力测定及分析

自20世纪60年代Grace建立了第一个能够稳定传代的昆虫细胞系以来(Grace,1962),经过几十年的研究和发展,昆虫细胞培养已在细胞系建立、培养技术和方法、昆虫细胞培养技术的利用等方面取得了很大的进展,昆虫细胞被广泛地应用于医学、农学及生物学的各个领域(宋德伟等,2004;张佑红等,2006;Maramorosch et al.,1992)。目前,全世界     

二甲苯对小鼠肺组织损伤的初步研究

为了研究二甲苯对小鼠肺组织的损伤情况,以健康成年小鼠作为试验动物,分3个试验组(低、中、高剂量组)1个对照组,给试验组腹腔注射不同剂量二甲苯(0.125、0.25、0.5 mL/kg),给对照组腹腔注射生理盐水.15 d后剖检取材,采用石蜡切片和HE染色技术研究二甲苯染毒后小鼠肺组织结构的变化特点;采用分光光度法测定小...     

植物油替代二甲苯对甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐在“上海青”中的残留影响

本文测定了3种植物油（精制松树油、棕榈油及精制松树油和棕榈油混合油）和二甲苯分别配制的甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油在上海青上的残留差异。结果表明：药后1d、3d,以3种植物油配制的甲维盐乳油在上海青中的残留量均比用二甲苯配制的甲维盐乳油的残留量高,其中棕榈油作为溶剂的甲维盐的残留量最高; 药后7d,三种植物油柄制的甲维盐乳油在上海青中均未能检测到残留,而二甲苯配制的甲维盐在上海青中仍有少量的残留,说明利用植物油替代二甲苯配制甲维盐乳油能在药后7天有效降低甲维盐在蔬菜中的残留量。     

脆弱刚毛藻对水体中三种苯系物的去除效果

采用L934正交设计法,研究了脆弱刚毛藻[Cladophora fracta (Dillw.) Kuetz.]对水体中3种苯系物苯、甲苯和二甲苯的去除作用.结果表明,脆弱刚毛藻对苯、甲苯和二甲苯的去除率分别为46.6写,13.6%和7.4 Yo.分析不同处理条件对脆弱刚毛藻对苯去除率的影响,各因素极差值大小依次为:温度>处理时间>藻体重量,温度是影响去除笨效果的主要因素.在刚毛藻去除甲苯的实验中,各因素R值大小依次为处理时间>藻体重量>温度,主要影响因素是处理时间.而对于二甲苯,藻体重量则是最主要的因素.     

Method Dependency in the Measurement of BTEX Levels in Contaminated Soil

Environmental consultants and analytical laboratories are increasingly realizing the importance of analytical method selection and validation for the reliable measurement of soil contamination. Aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) is one class of environmentally significant soil contamination for which testing is required by regulatory authorities in most industrialized countries. Unfortunately, in most guidelines there is a lack of direction for the selection of a testing method for BTEX and, in practice, any one of a variety of methods may be employed. The fact that these may not all yield comparable results is a source of much frustration in the industry and there is a paucity of published research into this problem. In a number of carefully controlled experiments, the method dependency of measured BTEX levels in contaminated soil samples has been investigated. Three commonly employed methods, namely, (methanol extraction) purge-and-trap/gas chromatography with mass selective detection (P&T/GCMSD), headspace/GCMSD and dichloromethane (DCM) extraction/gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GCFID) have been compared in the analysis of 109 gasoline-contaminated soil samples collected from station sites in Melbourne, Australia. Measurable BTEX concentrations were recorded in 92% of the samples using P&T/GCMSD, 59% using DCM/GCFID, and 40% using headspace/GCMSD. Correspondingly, the magnitudes of the recovered concentrations were significantly higher by P&T/GCMSD than by DCM/GCFID, which in turn were significantly higher than the magnitudes determined by headspace/GCMSD. These trends are evident for both clay and sandy soils. These studies clearly demonstrate that, for the three commonly employed methods described, measured BTEX levels are extraction and analytical method dependent in at least two different soil types.     

Micropropagation of Cymbidium Sleeping Nymph through protocorm-like bodies production by thin cell layer culture

Transverse thin cell layers (tTCLs) of protocorm-like bodies of two stages of PLBs (30 d and 60 d old) of Cymbidium Sleeping Nymph were used as explants to induce PLBs by using coconut water (CW) as a natural additive. 5% (v/v) CW supplemented to KC medium induced an average of 5 PLBs per responding tTCL of 30 d old PLBs with 83% of responding tTCLs. A low percentage of responding tTCLs were observed in 60 d old PLBs’ tTCLs. Anatomical and confocal microscopic studies traced the origin of PLBs to subepidermal layers of the tTCL. A significantly high percentage of shoot regeneration was obtained from PLBs formed on 1–10% (v/v) CW from tTCLs of 30 d old PLBs in comparison to PLBs induced on control after first subculture on KC medium (without CW). The induced PLBs regenerated into plantlets with velamenous roots and these plantlets were transferred to greenhouse conditions on cocopeat:perlite (9:1) with nearly 100% survival. Post-transfer performance of the plantlets was monitored. The results suggest tTCLs as potential explants (with respect to economy of precious hybrid materials) which can overcome the slow growth of hybrid PLBs and coconut water as a single natural additive for the mass multiplication of commercially important orchids.     

泰山紫草与新疆紫草抗炎作用的初步研究(简报)

采用二甲苯致小鼠耳部肿胀法,与新疆紫草的抗炎作用相比较,探讨泰山紫草的醇提物和水提液的抗炎作用.结果表明,泰山紫草有一定的抗炎作用,其抗炎效果与新疆紫草的抗炎效果无明显区别,且与浓度呈正相关,醇提物的抗炎效果比水提液的抗炎效果好.首次报道了泰山紫草的抗炎活性,为泰山紫草的进一步开发利用提供了科学依据.     

复合光催化材料降解气相中甲苯和二甲苯中间产物的评价

将Sol-Gel法制得的二氧化钛(TiO2)负载到活性碳纤维(ACF)上,利用超临界干燥手段和高温真空煅烧工艺,获得了具有气凝胶特性和高光催化活性的复合材料(TiO2-ACF)。由于该材料在降解空气中甲苯和二甲苯的过程中降解速度逐渐变缓,因此通过提取反应物并利用色谱—质谱联用分析方法,确定该光催化复合材料在降解甲苯和二甲苯720 min后是否有中间产物产生。试样结果证明,只有还未参加反应的甲苯和二甲苯而不存在中间产物。     

锰氧化物复合填料生物滴滤塔处理二甲苯废气

利用凹凸棒石黏土、锯末和锰矿粉末制作填料,在挂膜负载微生物后进行二甲苯的净化去除,并研究了锰氧化物多孔陶粒的制作、生物滴滤塔的启动、不同外在条件对滴滤塔效率的影响、最合适的运行条件、生物滴滤塔的运行特征。结果表明,以质量比为10∶7∶2的锰矿粉末、凹凸棒石黏土和锯末为原料,在700℃的空气中煅烧3 h,在此条件下制备的人工陶粒性能符合国家水处理用人工陶粒滤料标准,适合微生物的负载挂膜。在室内温度为22~30℃,p H稳定在6.2~7.0的情况下,生物滴滤塔处理二甲苯的最适进气浓度为400 mg/m~3,最适气体停留时间为70 s,最适循环液喷淋量为90 m L/min,去除率保持在80%以上。