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Capnographic documentation of nasoesophageal and nasogastric feeding tube placement in dogs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paula A. Johnson DVM F. A. Mann DVM MS DACVS DACVECC John Dodam DVM MS PhD DACVA Keith Branson DVM MS DACVA Colette Wagner-Mann DVM PhD Mark A. Brady DVM Elizabeth Dunphy DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2002,12(4):227-233
Objective: To evaluate the ability of capnography to document proper placement of nasoesophageal (NE) and nasogastric (NG) feeding tubes. This study was conducted in 3 phases. Phase I of this study was designed in order to test the efficacy of capnography to distinguish placement of a feeding tube in the alimentary tract versus the respiratory tract. Phase II was designed in order to document that carbon dioxide (CO2) could be measured through a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) feeding tube. Phase III was performed in order to evaluate the technique of continuous monitoring during insertion of the feeding tube into the esophagus and stomach as would be performed during a clinical‐tube placement. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Research laboratory. Animals: 24 adult dogs. Interventions: In Phase I, sedated dogs were instrumented with an intratracheal catheter and an 8 French feeding tube placed nasally into the distal esophagus and later advanced into the stomach. In Phase II, dogs were anesthetized and an 8 French feeding tube was placed down the endotracheal tube, then into the esophagus and later advanced into the stomach. In Phase III, sedated dogs were instrumented with an 8 French feeding tube inserted intranasally and then advanced to the level of the nasopharynx, distal esophagus and, lastly, the stomach. Fluoroscopy was used in order to determine location of the feeding tube. Measurements and main results: Phase I measurements included respiratory rate and CO2 from the trachea, esophagus, and stomach and pH of gastric fluid sample. Phase II measurements included respiratory rate and CO2 from the endotracheal tube, feeding tube in the endotracheal tube, feeding tube in the distal esophagus, and feeding tube in the stomach. Phase III data collection included respiratory rate and CO2 as the tube was passed through the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, esophagus and stomach. Phase I fluid samples were collected from 5 of the 9 dogs and had pH values from 1.68 to 4.20. In both phases, values for the respiratory rate and CO2 from the esophagus and stomach were 0 ± 0, significantly lower (P < 0.001) than the values from the trachea. In Phase II, there was no significant difference between the respiratory rates (P = 0.886) and CO2 (P = 0.705) readings obtained from the endotracheal tube compared to readings from the feeding tube in the endotracheal tube. In Phase III, there was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the respiratory rates and CO2 readings obtained from the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx when compared to those readings obtained from the esophagus and stomach. Measurement of CO2 and respiratory rate resulted in a reading of 0 every time the feeding tube was in the esophagus or stomach. Conclusions: Capnography may be used in order to detect airway placement of NE and NG tubes. 相似文献
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苹果自花授粉的花粉管结构变化及S-RNase定位 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
苹果‘红星’品种授粉处理24 h后, 自花授粉比异花授粉的花粉管生长缓慢。授粉处理48 h后, 可观察到自花授粉花柱通道组织的花粉管内有二裂粒子增加、管壁破裂和管内物质溢出、外层管壁增厚等现象。苹果气球状花期未授粉的花柱及自花和异花授粉24 h后且无花粉管存在的花柱切片显示, S-RNase位于花柱通道组织的细胞内。自花和异花授粉48 h后有花粉管通过的花柱切片显示, S-RNase位于花柱通道组织的细胞间隙和花粉管内。 相似文献
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香菇烂筒病因与综合防治研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过对香菇烂筒重灾区进行生态环境、气象、植保等方面调查,应用微生物分离技术,对烂筒样品和土壤样品进行致烂菌的分离、筛选和回接试验,从中确定致烂菌菌株的分类地位和基本生物学特性,从而研制防治香菇烂筒的生态、物理和药物防治技术,提出综合治理措施。 相似文献
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摄入不同能量的围产期乳牛肝低密度脂蛋白受体mRNA丰度的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将30头健康、经产、处于围产期的黑白花乳牛随机分为3组,每组10头。从产前28d开始,低能量组乳牛饲喂《中国奶牛饲养标准(2000)》减少20%日粮(能量摄入80%),对照组乳牛饲喂《标准》日粮(能量摄入100%),高能量组乳牛饲喂《标准》增加20%日粮(能量摄入120%),产后各组乳牛均饲喂标准日粮。至产后第56d结束试验;采用内对照RT-PCR方法检测摄入不同能量的围产期乳牛肝活体组织低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)mRNA丰度。结果,不同能量组乳牛肝LDLR mRNA丰度产前至产后均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。100%和120%能量组肝LDLR mRNA丰度在产后14d达最大值,且产后均高于产前(产后56d除外,P〈0.01或P〈0.05);而80%能量组产后1d即达到最大值,产前14d至产后14d,LDLR mRNA相对表达量显著高于100%和120%能量组;产后28~56d,120%能量组显著高于80%和100%能量组(P〈0.01)。表明围产期乳牛能量摄入水平对肝LDLR mRNA丰度有显著影响。 相似文献
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根据南方菜豆花叶病毒(SBMV)两株系B和C的核酸序列设计两对引物,利用RT-PCR可以特异地区分纯化的和0.2g病叶中的两株系,RT-PCR检测SBMV-B的灵敏度为10pg。 相似文献
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