Blood Typing of Asiatic Black Bear (Ursusthibetanus)

In this study,we aimed to determine whether bear had different blood group systems.Whole blood samples were collected from 40 Asiatic Black bears in Fujian province,China.Tube method was used to detect antibodies in plasma,and antibody isotype was determined with 2-mercaptoethanol.Plasma was further analyzed by mass spectrometry.The plasma from four bears had antibodies,possibly IgM isoform,which could agglutinate RBCs from 30 bears.Blood samples from 10 bears were tested by human blood typing reagents.The results showed that 4 bears had blood type like human type O,while 6 bears had like human type B.Plasma protein had extensive homology to serum albumin-like isoform 1 found in giant panda (Ailuropodamelanoleuca).We suggested that Asiatic Black bear might have at least one blood group system with two blood types.If the sick bear needs blood transfusion,a cross-matching test was necessary.Moreover,giant panda might receive blood from Asiatic Black bear in case of emergency.     

Detection of bacterial contamination and DNA quantification in stored blood units in 2 veterinary hospital blood banks

Blood transfusions in veterinary medicine have become increasingly more common and are now an integral part of lifesaving and advanced treatment in small and large animals. Important risks associated with transfusion of blood products include the transmission of various infectious diseases. Several guidelines suggest what infectious agents to screen for in canine and feline transfusion medicine. However, while the risk of bacterial contamination of blood products during storage and administration has not been documented in veterinary medicine, it has emerged as a cause of morbidity and mortality in human transfusion medicine. Clinical experience shows that the majority of blood component bacterial contaminations are caused by only a few species. Unlike other types of bacteria, psychrotolerant species like Pseudomonas spp. and Serratia spp. can proliferate during the storage of blood units at 4°C from a very low titer at the time of blood collection to a clinically significant level (> 10⁵ CFU/mL) causing clinical sepsis resulting from red blood cell concentrate transfusions in human medicine. The purpose of this report was to describe the detection and quantification procedures applied in 4 cases of bacterial contamination of canine and feline blood units, which suggest the need for further investigations to optimize patients’ safety in veterinary transfusion medicine.     

子宫肌瘤患者术中快速输注3种不同晶体液对酸碱平衡影响的比较

目的 :观察生理盐水 (9g/ L )、复方醋酸钠平衡液、5 0 g/ L葡萄糖生理盐水 3种晶体液对酸碱平衡的影响。方法 :选择子宫肌瘤 36例分为 3组 ,每组 12例 ,A组输注生理盐水 (9g/ L) ,B组输注 5 0 g/ L 葡萄糖生理盐水 ,C组输注复方醋酸钠平衡液。均以 2 0 m L/ (kg·h)速度输注。各组除输上述晶体外无其他任何液体或血液输入 ;术中监测血气、电解质及乳酸浓度的动态变化。结果 :A组与 B组 p H值明显下降 ,而 Na+ 、Clˉ 、碱剩余 (BE)绝对值明显升高。C组各项指标无明显变化。结论 :快速输注生理盐水 (9g/ L)和 5 0 g/ L 葡萄糖生理盐水可产生高氯性代谢性酸中毒 ,而复方醋酸钠平衡液对酸碱平衡的影响极小。     

给马类家畜输牛血的试验研究

按常规方法给试验骡、驴多次静脉输入牛全血,虽出现一定的输血反应,但很快停止消失,一切恢复正常。5匹传贫病马多次输牛血后,输血反应同上,其中3匹含铁细胞减少或消失,临床症状消失;2匹死亡。加用抗过敏药物,输牛全血临床抢救新生仔驹脓毒败血症3例(骡驹2例,马驹1例)痊愈,抢救新生骡驹溶血病3例,亦收到一定的效果。     

Presumed immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia in two foals with Rhodococcus equi infection

Objective – To describe the clinical presentation, case management, and outcome in 2 foals with Rhodococcus equi infection associated with presumptive severe immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia. Series Summary – Two foals diagnosed with R. equi pneumonia on the basis of tracheal wash cultures, thoracic radiographs, and thoracic ultrasonography were concurrently diagnosed with hemolytic anemia. Both foals required whole blood transfusions, and were treated with the antimicrobial combination of rifampin and a macrolide (eg, clarithromycin, erythromycin, or azithromycin). Dexamethasone was used to prevent further hemolysis in both foals, and to treat acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome in 1 of the foals. Both foals survived, and required prolonged antimicrobial therapy. New or Unique Information Provided – Although extra‐pulmonary disorders are commonly diagnosed in foals infected with R. equi, hemolytic anemia is rarely described. Dexamethasone is considered the treatment of choice for immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia, but may be contra‐indicated in foals with severe bacterial infections. In these foals, a relatively low dose and short duration of dexamethasone was utilized in an attempt to minimize immune suppression, although early discontinuation in 1 foal precipitated a second hemolytic crisis.