装修与电气

本文着重地论述了由装修而引发的电气安全技术问题已到了不容忽视的程度。就此问题作 者提出了自己的观点及解决办法。     

中小型水电站发电机专用断路器的选择

正确设计选择发电机保护断路器直接关系到水电站后期的电气设备合理投资、运行维护及保证水电站长周期安全经济地运行.过去中小型水轮发电机大都选用普通型的油断路器或真空断路器或SF6断路器等,近些年来选用普通真空断路器的越来越多.中小型水电站应根据不同接线方式、不同容量的发电机出口断路方法,选择发电机专用断路器.     

Quantification of reservoir bags as airway pressure-limiting devices in a nonrebreathing system

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of reservoir bag types, volumes and previous use on the peak pressures (Pmax) and the times to develop 30 cmH₂O pressure (P30) within a nonrebreathing system with a closed adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valve.Study designIn vitro study using three-way factorial design with repeated measure on one factor.SubjectsA total of 75 new anesthesia reservoir bags (five types, three volumes, five bags from each type × volume). The bag types were reusable latex (RL), disposable latex (DL) and three disposable neoprene (DN-1, DN-2 and DN-3).MethodsEach bag was tested three times (treatments): new, after prestretching and 1 week later. The bags were attached to a Bain system and anesthesia machine with closed APL valve and patient port with O₂ flow 2 L minute^–1 until Pmax was reached. The Pmax and time to reach P30 values were determined from recorded pressure traces. General linear mixed model analysis was used to examine the effects of bag type, volume and treatment. One-sided 95% upper prediction limits of Pmax were calculated to test the null hypothesis that predicted Pmax of new bags would be ≥ 50 cmH₂O for each factor combination.ResultsRL bags were the least and DN-3 bags were the most compliant. Prestretching increased compliance in all bag types. Smaller bags of RL, DL and DN-1 were less compliant than larger ones. The predicted Pmax values were < 50 cmH₂O only for DN-3 bags after prestretching. The time to reach P30 was critically low when using 0.5 L bags (median 17 seconds).Conclusions and clinical relevanceTo minimize the risk of barotrauma, highly compliant reservoir bags (e.g. DN-3) are recommended and reusable bags should be avoided. Bags should be prestretched before first use, 0.5 L bags should be avoided and fresh gas flow minimized.     

泵站继电保护设计方法

分析了进口、国产继电保护设备的不同，提出了对泵站继电保护二次回路的设计新方法。泵站二次设计可按照“单元”设置的原则，将泵站二次设计划分为10／6kV泵站进线、主机、站变、所变、联络等主要单元。     

CMOS集成块在水电站控制电路中的应用

在水电站控制电路中,为完成全站逻辑选控开停机,逻辑选控同期合油开关、跳油开关的功能,用CMOS集成电路替代分立元件,从而提高了水电站的自动化程度,缩小了集控台体积,也有利于安装、调试和维修。     

车辆用永磁发电机磁路分析与试验研究

应用等值磁路理论对磁路进行了分析，用图解法求解出钕铁硼永磁体的工作点，研制出了一种无电励磁绕组、无碳刷滑环结构，故障率低的永磁发电机，采用单相双半渡可控整流稳压式电子稳压器，集稳压、整流于一体，电能消耗少，发电效率高，解决了车辆用永磁发电机在变转速变负荷工况下输出电压保持稳定的问题。     

农用运输车部分电路的改进设计

针对农用运输车的现状、发展前景进行了简要地分析,为了保证行车安全,在转向时加装了前侧灯照明装置、倒车及转向时加装了音乐报警装置;为了保证车辆的安全运行,在气压制动系统中增加安全保护开关,控制发动机的点火电路(汽油机)或熄火电磁阀电路(柴油机),可实现低气压时的自动保护,以保证车辆正常行驶。     

电控发动机喷油驱动电路的波形分析及其在故障诊断中的应用

通过对喷油驱动电路的波形测试来介绍波形分析的一般方法，并通过故障诊断实例来反映波形分析法诊断汽车故障的优越性。     

利用OWA和电路模型优化黄河流域甘肃段生态安全格局

从生态系统服务视角出发优化生态安全格局,对于维护区域生态安全格局,确保经济社会稳定发展意义重大,但现有研究缺乏对多种生态系统服务之间权衡情景下生态系统状况的认知。该研究以黄河流域甘肃段为研究单元,在测度2019年食物供给、碳固定、产水量、土壤保持及生境质量5种典型生态系统服务的基础上,利用有序加权平均(Ordered Weighted Averaging,OWA)模型识别出生态系统服务权衡度最高的优先保护区作为生态源地,利用最小累积阻力模型和电路模型识别生态廊道和战略点区域,进行生态安全格局构建与优化。结果表明:黄河流域甘肃段生态源地斑块共计169个,总面积27 460.56 km2,约占研究区总面积的19.2%。5种生态系统服务之间在全流域尺度下呈现出协同关系,甘南高原、陇中、陇东黄土高原由于受地形气候和植被覆盖以及人类活动的影响,生态系统服务差异显著。利用电路模型提取得到441条生态廊道,总体呈网状分布,贯穿东西,识别出生态节点49个。提出构建"四轴、六区、多中心"的黄河流域甘肃段生态安全空间布局优化体系,形成功能化、网络化的区域生态空间优化结构。     

电磁驱动泵设计原理

揭示了一种通过电磁线圈对柱塞产生电磁感应并使之作往复运动的电磁泵的原理。作往复运动的柱塞使得电磁线圈形成了一个封闭的电磁回路。