沙质海岸风口区风障阻沙特征及初步治理试验

为了研究沙质海岸风口区风障配置和堆积沙丘治理模式,为防沙治沙提供理论依据。在沙质海岸前沿风口地段设置15%、30%、45%和60%4种不同透风率的风障,开展其风速变化规律及阻沙特征研究,并选择黄花月见草、厚藤和单叶蔓荆3种草本植物在形成沙丘进行种植尝试。结果表明:1)透风率15%的风障最大防风效能达到89.23%,风速减半的防护距离为5H(H为风障高度),因堆沙效果显著,适合设置为堆沙风障;2)透风率30%与45%的风障最大防风效能分别为76.70%和71.53%,防护距离最大为6H,可在堆沙风障后设置为防风风障;3)透风率60%的风障最大防风效能为59.47%,由于堆沙能力较弱,防护距离较短而不适宜采用,在风障形成的堆沙上,种植的厚藤具有良好的生存能力和蔓延速度,是闽东南沿海前沿裸露沙地固沙的先锋草本。     

浑善达克沙地野生花灌木资源及其园林应用评价

通过对浑善达克沙地野生花灌木资源调查,筛选出野生花灌木44种,隶属于10科,17属;在对其观赏类型和园林用途进行初步分析的基础上,就该地区花灌木今后的引种方向和保护措施提出建议。     

吉林蛟河天然阔叶红松林下5种灌木生物量估算模型

以吉林蛟河地区天然红松阔叶林林下常见的5种灌木为研究对象,分乔木型灌木﹝地面分枝少、主干明显,包括卫矛(Euonymus alatus)、东北鼠李(Rhamnus yoshinoi)﹞和典型灌木﹝地面分枝多、主干不明显,包括长白茶藨(Ribes komarovii)、暖木条荚蒾(Viburnum burejaeticum)、鸡树条荚蒾(Viburnum sargentii)﹞,以易测因子通过回归分析构建了单种各器官和全株(丛)生物量模型。结果表明:最优生物量模型均为幂函数模型或一次线性模型,除长白茶藨的丛当年枝生物量模型和丛多年枝生物量模型在0.01水平上显著以及暖木条荚蒾的当年枝生物量模型在0.05水平上显著外,其余模型均在0.001水平上显著。以植株个体为单位的生物量模型中,除东北鼠李叶生物量和枝生物量与植灌体积Vc相关性最好外,其余各器官生物量和全株生物量均与地径D或地径平方与树高的乘积D2H相关性最好。典型灌木的叶、当年枝、多年枝、枝、茎和地上生物量以分支个体为单位构建的生物量模型要好于以丛为单位构建的生物量模型,但地下生物量和全丛生物量模型正好相反,因此,以丛为单位构建地下生物量和全丛生物量模型为典型灌木的生物量估算提供了简便可行的方法。     

滨藜灌木在优质羊肉形成过程中的作用

主要分析由耐盐植物滨藜灌木加工而成的饲料对羊肉品质的影响。滨藜可以提高胴体中瘦肉的比例．同时可增加肌肉中VE的含量．保持肉色稳定。概述了滨藜在羊肉生产中的最佳利用方式，通过综合考虑放牧条件和动物消化能力两方面因素，改变肉质组成和提高VE含量。滨藜的利用难点是能量值较低、增重效果差，单独饲喂满足不了肉羊生产需要，所以必须在饲料中补充高能牧草或精料。强调了耐盐滨藜灌木在羊肉生产中的作用，由于山羊具有采食滨藜灌木枝芽的特性，所以其增重较明显．同时又可提高瘦肉率和VE含量。     

甘肃天祝高寒地区5种灌木中酚类物质含量的研究

对甘肃天祝金强河高寒地区5种灌木中的酚类物质含量进行了测定和比较分析。结果表明,不同的灌木品种其酚类物质的含量不同。藏沙棘总酚,单宁和缩合单宁的干物质含量均高于其他灌木,分别高达69.67,63.34和42.45 g/kg,而其简单酚的干物质含量最低,仅为4.27 g/kg。窄叶鲜卑木的酚类物质含量较低,与其他灌木相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。相关性分析表明,单宁和简单酚含量呈显著的正相关关系(r=0.94,P<0.01),与缩合单宁的相关系数为r=0.82(P<0.05),而简单酚与缩合单宁含量呈不显著的负相关关系。     

波尔山羊杂交优势利用与南方灌丛草地开发

波尔山羊是目前世界上最优良的肉用山羊品种之一,国外研究及笔者在国内的试验表明,波尔山羊对本地低产山羊的杂交改良效果十分显著,因而可利用其杂交优势发展高效肉羊生产,高效肉用山羊生产系统的建立,对我国南方丰富的天然灌丛草地资源的开发利用具有交大的潜在价值,可为南方草地畜牧业提供新的发展途径,     

Ecological Wood Adaptation and Horizontal Variations of Vessel Element and Fibre Length of Calligonum mongolicum

INTRODUCTION The larger genus in Polygonaceae is Calligonum, which includes about 100 species of shrubs that grow in central Asia. It is well suited to arid climates with drought resistance, and grows more on clay, sandy and gravel grounds. These plants are often cultivated as ornamentals and a stabilizer of mobile sand dunes. There was published information on the wood anatomy of all the examined genera in Polygonaceae (Ma 1994), but the selected species have not yet been described. Ad…     

毛乌素沙地不同治理措施植被恢复效果分析

从群落数量结构与干物质生产方面对刘家窑头流域赵家塘不同治理措施下的植被恢复效果进行初步分析.结果表明林草复合措施植被恢复效果最好,灌木林地植被恢复优于乔木林地,杨树纯林地效果较差;草方格固沙能使植被迅速恢复;喷撒化学固沙剂对迎风坡植被恢复的效果较为显著.     

Utilisation of wood biomass residues from fruit tree branches,evergreen hardwood shrubs and Greek fir wood as raw materials for particleboard production. Part A. Mechanical properties

This paper investigates the potential of utilising wood biomass from fruit tree branches and evergreen hardwood shrubs as raw materials in the production of particleboards when mixed with Greek fir wood particles. The main mechanical properties of the boards made therefrom were determined and compared with those made of typical industrial wood (IW) particles. The highest modulus of rupture and elasticity (30.0 N/mm² and 4330 N/mm², respectively) in bending and screw withdrawal (SW) resistance (127.8 N/mm) were reported for boards made of Greek fir and were downgraded when the fruit tree branches or evergreen hardwood shrub particles also participated. The participation of fruit tree branch particles in proportions higher than 50% improved the internal bond (IB) of fir produced boards, while the highest IB strength (0.95 N/mm²) was reported for boards made of fruit tree branches. Particleboards made of evergreen hardwood shrubs showed inferior mechanical properties compared with those made of IW particles. The latter also showed superior bending strength but inferior SW resistance compared with boards made of fruit tree branches. Hygroscopic and other properties are under determination and will be presented and discussed in the second part of the work.     

Plant Diversity and Vegetation Structure in Encroached and Non-encroached Areas of Borana Rangelands： The Case of Hallona and Medhacho Pastoralist Associations

The Borana rangelands are important areas of cattle production in Ethiopia. However, these rangelands are threatened by the increasing changes in the natural vegetation from grass and forbs dominated into unpalatable bushy woody vegetation resulting in the loss of some of the highly desirable grass species. This study was conducted to assess the impacts of bush encroachment on the biodiversity, structure and cover of the native vegetation in bush encroached and non-encroached sites. Vegetation data were collected from both sites by laying quadrate plots along transects using a systematic sampling method. According to the results, higher number of species was recorded in the non-encroached sites than that in the encroached sites. The diversity indices for the non-encroached and the encroached sites were 3.16 and 2.67, respectively. The abundance and cover analysis indicated that there was high density and cover of herbaceous species in the non-encroached site. There was a significantly higher density of woody species cover in the encroached site. Generally, the bush encroachment in the Borana rangelands has hampered the diversity of the native vegetation, particularly the grasses and forbs and reduced the ground cover, exposing large parts of the rangelands for soil erosion and other degradation process.