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1.
【目的】探究Landsat8 OLI数据和KNN算法在森林蓄积量估测中的潜力。【方法】以湖南省湘潭县为研究区,采用Landsat8 OLI数据和同时期的二类调查数据,通过距离相关系数筛选特征,分别采用线性回归模型(MLR)、K-近邻模型(KNN)、距离加权KNN模型(DW-KNN)和优化欧式KNN模型(FW-KNN)对森林蓄积量进行估测。使用十折交叉方法进行精度检验,对检验结果进行对比分析。【结果】3种KNN模型的估测结果均高于传统的线性模型,并且在3种KNN模型中,FW-KNN算法效果最好,决定系数达到0.69,为3种模型中最高;3种KNN模型中,本研究优化欧氏距离KNN模型的估测精度最高,其均方根误差为30.3%,相比于传统KNN模型的均方根误差降低了5.1%,相比于DW-KNN模型降低了3.3%。【结论】采用DW-KNN蓄积量估测结果明显优于其他两种模型,说明通过特征与蓄积量的相关性优化样本间的距离是一种可行的KNN优化方法。 相似文献
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介绍了虚拟仪器的发展过程以及虚拟仪器的软件与硬件的基本构成原理,设计了一套虚拟仪器系统,并在此基础上对距离保护进行了仿真实验。认为虚拟仪器在电力系统具有广泛的应用前景,是今后一段时间的发展方向。 相似文献
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Verbeylen Goedele De Bruyn Luc Adriaensen Frank Matthysen Erik 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(8):791-805
In determining isolation effects in fragmented populations, the landscape matrix is not often considered. Usually simple distance
measures are used to quantify degree of isolation. We tested the effect of the matrix on the presence of red squirrels in
354 wooded patches in the Brussels Region, by comparing several isolation measures. These were 1) distance to the nearest
source patch, 2) the Hanski-measure (a combination of distance to and size of all possible sources), 3) effective distances
calculated from different least cost models using the ArcView grid extension ‘Cost Distance’ (a combination of distance and
resistance of the landscape, with different resistances for different landscape types) and 4) some combinations of the Hanski-measure
and the effective distances. Size and quality of the target patches were always included in the tests of the predictive power
of different isolation measures on squirrel presence/absence. All variables examined (patch size, quality and isolation) significantly
influenced squirrel presence. Models using the effective distances gave the best results. Models including the Hanski-measure
improved significantly when Euclidean distance was replaced by effective distance, showing that parameterisation of matrix
resistance added significant additional explanatory power when modelling squirrel presence.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Jan Fahleson Ulf Lagercrantz Qiong Hu Lisa Ann Steventon Christina Dixelius 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(4):361-371
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to study genetic variation among 76 isolates of Verticillium. A dendrogram based on the AFLP data revealed three main groups. One group consisted of 35 European isolates derived from Brassica napus together with five Californian isolates taken from B. oleracea. This group displayed a high degree of genetic similarity and included three isolates earlier classified as Verticillium longisporum, indicating that all isolates in this group probably should be regarded as members of V. longisporum. V. dahliae isolates constituted the second group while the third group contained four V. albo-atrum isolates. In addition to these three groups, a cluster of six V. nigrescens isolates was observed. However, the genetic distances between the isolates of V. nigrescens were much higher than those between members in the other groups and the bootstrap value for the V. nigrescens cluster was subsequently low. Four isolates classified as V. tricorpus were highly diverse and did not cluster together. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that the isolates of V. longisporum were separated into four subgroups, based on geographic origin. The study furthermore shows that AFLP is a suitable method for studying population structure in Verticillium. 相似文献
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Experiments evaluated the effect of glyphosate rate and Anoda cristata density, on crop and weed biomass and weed seed production in wide (70 cm) and narrow rows (35 cm) glyphosate‐resistant soyabean (Glycine max). Soyabean density was higher at 35 cm row spacing as an increase in planting rate in narrow‐row soyabean is recommended for producers in Argentina. Soyabean biomass at growth stage V4 (four nodes on the main stem with fully developed leaves beginning with the unifoliate leaves) was higher when grown on narrow than in wide‐rows but was not affected by the presence of A. cristata. At growth stage R5 (seed initiation – seed 3 mm long in a pod at one of the four uppermost nodes on the main stem, with a fully developed leaf and full canopy development), crop biomass was greater in narrow rows compared with wide rows with 12 plants m?2 of A. cristata. In narrow‐row soyabean, a single application of a reduced rate of glyphosate maintained soyabean biomass at R5 and provided excellent weed control regardless of weed density. In wide‐row soyabean control was reduced at the high weed density. Regardless of row spacing, A. cristata biomass and seed production were severely reduced by half of the recommended dose rate of glyphosate but the relationship between biomass and seed production was not altered. Glyphosate rates as low as 67.5 g a.e. ha?1 in narrow rows or 540 g a.e. ha?1 in wide rows provided excellent control of A. cristata. To minimize glyphosate use, planting narrow‐row soyabean are effective where A. cristata density is low. 相似文献
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Trees are the dominant species in agroforestry systems, profoundly affecting the performance of understory crops. Proximity to trees is a key factor in crop performance, but rather little information is available on the spatial distribution of yield and yield components of crop species under the influence of trees in agroforestry systems. Also, little information is available on how crop density may be exploited to optimize the yield in such systems. Here we studied the performance of cotton in jujube/cotton agroforestry. Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 in Hetian, Xinjiang, China. Cotton was grown at a row distance of 60 cm in three densities, 13.5, 18.0 and 22.5 plants m−2 in six m wide paths between tree lines in a jujube plantation. Plant density affected both cotton aboveground dry matter and yield significantly. The highest yield was attained at the intermediate density of 18.0 plants m−2 (20.0 plants m−2 corresponding in sole cotton), lower than the optimal density in sole cotton (25.0 plants m−2). Yield at the lower density was constrained by the low number of bolls per m2 as a direct consequence of the low density, whereas at the high plant density yield was constrained by a lower allocation of assimilates to cotton seed and lint, as a consequence of intraspecific and interspecific competitions. There were strong gradients in yield and yield components in relation to the distance from the tree rows. Leaf area and total dry matter of cotton in rows close to the tree lines were reduced, especially in the rows next to the trees. Moreover, biomass allocation to cotton fruits was reduced in these rows. Competitive influences from the trees on cotton performance extended two rows deep in a six-year old jujube stand, and even three rows deep in a seven-year old stand. Shading effects on cotton yield were compensated by increasing plant density as a result of greater boll numbers per unit ground area. Data from this study help guide the design of optimal plant density of cotton in jujube plantations and give insight in the spatial distribution and dynamics of competitive effects in agroforestry systems in general. 相似文献
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试验采用随机区组试验设计,大垄双行,整薯播种。在同一密度下对不同行距间的各指标进行比较及单因素方差分析。旨在为马铃薯生产和机械化作业提供理论依据。结果表明:在12株·m~(-2)和9株·m~(-2)的种植密度下,主茎数、结薯数、产量都是随行距的增加而呈现递减的变化趋势;在7.2株·m~(-2)的种植密度下,主茎数、结薯数、产量是随行距的增加而呈现"增-减-增"的变化趋势;同一密度下,淀粉含量随行距增加变化不明显,大部分维持在15%~16%之间。总体来看,同一密度下不同行距间对主茎数、结薯数、产量及淀粉含量的影响均差异不显著。 相似文献