试论我国人造板工业发展的若干对策

本文总结了我国人造板工业发展的过程，评估其优势和弱点，提出我国人造板工业继续发展，必须采取转换机制、加速资源培育和资源消耗结构的调整，改善人造板工业的行业管理和组建企业集团，形成规模经济的对策．     

Plants as de-worming agents of livestock in the Nordic countries: historical perspective, popular beliefs and prospects for the future.

Preparations derived from plants were the original therapeutic interventions used by man to control diseases (including parasites), both within humans and livestock. Development of herbal products depended upon local botanical flora with the result that different remedies tended to develop in different parts of the world. Nevertheless, in some instances, the same or related plants were used over wide geographic regions, which also was the result of communication and/or the importation of plant material of high repute. Thus, the Nordic countries have an ancient, rich and diverse history of plant derived anthelmintic medications for human and animal use. Although some of the more commonly used herbal de-wormers were derived from imported plants, or their products, many are from endemic plants or those that thrive in the Scandinavian environment. With the advent of the modern chemotherapeutic era, and the discovery, development and marketing of a seemingly unlimited variety of highly efficacious, safe synthetic chemicals with very wide spectra of activities, herbal remedies virtually disappeared from the consciousness--at least in the Western world. This attitude is now rapidly changing. There is a widespread resurgence in natural product medication, driven by major threats posed by multi-resistant pest, or disease, organisms and the diminishing public perceptions that synthetic chemicals are the panacea to health and disease control. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the depth of historical Nordic information available on herbal de-wormers, with emphasis on livestock and to provide some insights on potentially rewarding areas of "re-discovery" and scientific evaluation in this field.     

修复剂及其施用水平对广西高铅污染土壤的影响

为降低高铅污染土壤对农作物的毒害,通过采用水浸取、DTPA浸取单步浸取试验,研究不同类型修复剂对广西环江、阳朔2个地区的高铅污染土壤的影响。结果表明,随着施加水平的增加,各个修复剂对土壤pH增加幅度的大小顺序是：有机肥>磷矿粉>钙镁磷肥>生石灰,磷矿粉、有机肥能够提高供试土壤的pH。磷酸二氢钾、过磷酸钙（高、中、低）均显著降低土壤DTPA-Pb含量,分别为32%~72%、31%~57%;而磷酸二氢钾对水溶态铅含量的影响与之相反,增加了水溶态铅含量1~3.4倍,过磷酸钙（高）显著地降低了水溶态铅含量,降低水溶态铅含量约88%。有机肥能够通过降低土壤水溶态铅的含量,增加了DTPA的浸取率。对供试土壤S-1,生石灰、有机肥、磷矿粉均显著降低了土壤中水提取态铅的含量,土壤水提取态铅含量均为低浓度处理>高浓度处理;对供试土壤S-2,有机肥、磷矿粉在不同施加浓度均显著地降低了水溶态铅的含量,降低为41%~55%。     

农村城镇化生态风险法律规制的规范分析

探讨如何在转型期的城镇化进程中,有效应对以生态风险为代表的各类风险,对当下的生态文明建设和绿色发展具有重要的现实意义。伴随着人口的聚集和工业的进驻,农村城镇化既会带来环境污染的不断累积,也会造成自然资源的大量耗费,同时也会占用大量的生态空间。基于对这些生态风险现状的分析,阐明我国在应对农村城镇化产生的污染累积性生态风险、资源耗竭性生态风险、生态空间占用性生态风险及复合型生态风险时,固然会受到经济社会等方面的影响,但更主要是因为出现了法律规制失灵的困境,存在着应对生态风险的法律法规体系不完善、司法救济效能有待提升、行政监管能力有待加强等滞碍因素。为有效规制城镇化生态风险,应以规范分析为进路,以法制生态化为方向,从完善生态立法,增强生态司法效能,提高生态执法能力等几个方面提出消解城镇化生态风险法律规制滞碍因素的具体对策。     

我国农村环境问题的法治根源及对策——基于权力与权利因素的思考

目前我国农村环境形势严重,这一问题产生的主要原因在于农村环境管理权力和农民环境权利失衡。在权力方面,主要体现在责任不够明确,环境信息不公开和权力受到的制约较少;而在权利方面,主要体现在农民的环境意识、环境维权能力不强和维权渠道不通畅。为此,应加强对农村环境管理权力的制约,强调其应有的责任,保证农民的环境救济权并加强对生产过程的指导。     

票据丧失法律救济的几个问题

票据是票据权利的载体，票据丧失，持票人就失去了行使票据权利的物质依据。失票人必须及时依法采取有效的救济措施，才能使票据权利最终得以实现。但我国现行法律对票据丧失救济的规定还不够完善，难以充 分维护失票人的合法利益。为此，木文就票据丧失的挂失止付、公示催告和提起诉讼三种救济制度的有关问题进行了初步探讨。     

“2008—2009亚洲国家蔗糖产量降低的原因及应对措施”国际学术研讨会综述

“2008—2009亚洲国家蔗糖产量降低的原因及应对措施”国际学术研讨会在南宁召开,探讨了全球、特别是亚洲蔗糖产量降低的原因。会议认为：气候变暖,环境恶化;技术落后,投入减少,缺乏科学的管理;病虫害增加,单一化严重,品种没有重大突破;蔗农积极性下降,受其他作物的竞争、挤压,甘蔗种植业边缘化等是造成全球蔗糖产量降低的主要原因。应对措施有：坚持技术创新和全面进步;综合采取各种技术措施,包括甘蔗优良品种选育、应用健康种苗快繁、先进适用栽培技术研发和集成应用、病虫害综合防治、糖业废弃物循环利用等。从宏观上讲管理层面显得尤为重要,包括统筹规划、科学管理,集约化、规模化经营,重视自主创新,积极研发和引进先进、实用技术,建立灾害预警应急机制,加强国际合作等。中国糖业只要抓住机遇,做大做强,定能实现可持续发展。     

Is risk-based,sustainable sediment management consistent with European policy?

Background, aims and scope  One issue that remains particularly problematic for integrated and sustainable sediment management is that sediment plays differing roles in various sectoral, regulatory and statutory objectives. This means that across Europe, the level of consideration afforded to sediment management has thus far been primarily left to the discretion of individual countries and agencies. One of the consequences of the complex way in which sediments are regulated in Europe, and a possible over-reliance on the precautionary principle, is that there appears to be less regulatory acceptance of risk-based (rather than mass-based or chemical threshold-based) sediment remedial decisions, and thus resistance to some of the risk-based and in situ remedial technologies currently favoured in North America; “presumptive remedies” are being pushed by a number of agencies, and in-place and risk-based management are meeting great resistance. This summary discusses some of the current and emerging European regulations and strategies and their implications for risk-based sediment management. Conclusions, recommendations and perspectives  There are numerous examples of ex situ remedial strategies in Europe, where sediments are either treated or contained (and increasingly, considered for beneficial use), but very few examples of in situ management. However, the risk-based evaluation of ALL remedial options is entirely consistent with European environmental policy. In fact, in some cases, presumptive removal of sediments can result in greater risks to human health and the environment than management in place, and thus a failure to meet Europe’s ambitious environmental objectives. Decisions that only address a single, sectoral regulatory driver (such as a desire to remove contaminants from a waterbody) may result in a net detriment to the environment. The European Commission has stated that decisions and policies should be continuously evaluated in the light of emerging science and experience, and, where possible, rigorous science-based risk evaluation should take the place of the application of conservative safety factors. Whilst not specifically addressing sediment management, various European Directives and initiatives set out principles for the selection of land-based remedial options that are consistent with a number of international consensus guidance documents on the site-specific, risk-based selection of contaminated sediment remedial options. Although there are numerous technical differences, the fundamental risk- and cost-based principles being applied to land management should be transferable to sediment management decision frameworks. However, whilst the use of risk-based decision criteria is now well-established (either in principle or in practice) in Europe for soil remedial decisions, these principles have not yet been translated to generally applied decision frameworks or guidance for contaminated sediment management in Europe. There is no reason, however, why they should not be.