非洲菊愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化研究

以非洲菊深圳5号为材料,研究了几种因素对非洲菊花托愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化的影响,结果表明,花托在1/2MS 6-BA 10 mg/L NAA 0.2 mg/L IAA 0.3 mg/L培养基中诱导愈伤组织的速度最快,诱导率达100%;花托在在1/2MS基本培养基中诱导出的愈伤组织较少褐变,且易分化不定芽;将愈伤组织转接到1/2MS 6-BA 3 mg/L NAA 0.2mg/L IAA 0.1 mg/L培养基中进行继代增殖培养可有效降低褐化率,不定芽分化率达67.5%、不定芽平均数为2.3株,指出高效的愈伤组织和不定芽再生频率为非洲菊基因转化体系的建立奠定了基础。     

非洲菊组培快繁技术的优化

采用非洲菊幼嫩花托为外植体,比较研究了外源激素6-BA+ IAA、KT+IAA对不定芽诱导、增殖的影响.结果表明:以3.0 mg/L KT+0.3 mg/L IAA为诱导激素时,外植体的褐变数较少,不定芽的诱导率较高;以3.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L IAA为增殖激素时,丛生芽的增殖率较高,而以3.0 mg/L KT+0.1 mg/L IAA为增殖激素时,丛生芽的健壮度最高.     

非洲菊花托离体繁殖的研究

以非洲菊幼嫩花托为外殖体,以MS为基本培养基,添加不同浓度6-BA、IBA、GA等进行愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化、继代增殖、生根培养和过渡炼苗.结果表明:采用MS 2.0～5.0mg/L(单位下同)6-BA 0.25～0.5IBA培养基,愈伤诱导率在60%以上;采用MS 4.06 BA 0.25IBA 0.5～2.0GA培养基对芽的生长及增殖效果好,增殖率可达13.5;采用1/2MS 0.1NAA或0.1～0.5IBA或0.5～1.0IAA培养基,20 d生根率达100%.在蛭石:珍珠岩:泥炭=1:1:1基质中驯苗,成活率可达95%以上.     

The effect of male absence on the larval production of the spider crab Maja brachydactyla Balss, 1922

The spider crab Maja brachydactyla, Balss 1922 can produce three consecutive broods per breeding season in the wild, whereas females in captivity can spawn up to four times in the absence of males. The effect of male absence on the larval production of the spider crab M. brachydactyla was studied in a 2‐year experiment in which females were kept in captivity in the presence or absence of males. The broodstock were maintained under natural photoperiod conditions, temperature (18.5 ± 1.0°C) and salinity (34.8 ± 0.7 g L^?1). The number of larvae, and when possible, the dry weight and proximate biochemical composition of each larval batch were calculated and the data grouped seasonally. The larval production (P < 0.001) and protein content (P = 0.037) were significantly lower in the absence of males. However, considering that the larval production in male presence decreased due to the low female survival rate, particularly in the last part of the experiment, the presence of males should be managed to maintain a high larval production and condition without jeopardizing the survival of females. Therefore, we recommend keeping females segregated from males and transferring males to female tanks only to mate.     

羊栖菜离体生殖托低温超低温的保存

对羊栖菜离体生殖托低温超低温保存技术进行了探讨。首先对离体生殖托进行有关预处理(包括保护剂的选择、生殖托干出或浸没的状态以及温度降低的程序等),然后分别在超低温(-196 ℃)、冰冻(-18 ℃)和低温(5 ℃)的条件下进行保存。结果表明,生殖托在超低温和冰冻条件下保存均不理想,但是处于干出状态(避免失水)的生殖托在5 ℃下可以保存30 d,其代谢活性、细胞相对活力以及配子释放能力均较好,是一种简单而有效的生殖托保存方法。并讨论了羊栖菜生殖托低温保存技术在人工苗种生产上的可能应用。