制动防抱死系统在汽车上的应用

在文中通过研究汽车制动时的受力情况、路面附着特性、制动防抱死系统的控制方式、组成和工作情况，得出了使车轮滑动率保持在20％的最佳状态可提高汽车的制动效能，缩短制动距离。并使汽车具有较好的转向和抵抗侧向力的作用，提高汽车制动时的方向稳定性的结论。     

手动比例复合阀在中高压液压绞纲机中的应用

中高压液压技术在海洋捕捞机械—绞纲机中的使用推动了我国渔业机械的发展,手动比例复合阀在中高压液压技术上的应用则大大加快了液压绞纲机在国内渔业生产中的普及。目前,我国浙江、江苏、福建、广东和山东等省沿海渔民使用的绞纲机普遍采用带手动比例复合阀的液压系统。为此,对手动比例复合阀换向、溢流、调速集成等功能进行了分析。     

Osmolarity,cell volume and proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the relationship between osmolarity, cell volume and cell proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. METHODS: MTT method was applied to detect the proliferation ability of the poorly-differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell (CNE-2Z) under various osmolarity conditions. The flow cytometry was used to analyse cell cycle distribution. Cell volume was obtained by the image analysis of living cells and cell viability was determined by the trypan blue assay. RESULTS: Cultivation of cells under the hypertonic conditions of 370 and 440 mOsmol/L increased cell volume by 8.7% and 27.8% and facilitated cell proliferation by 22.2% and 33.9%, respectively. However, hypotonic incubation of cells with osmolarity of 160 and 230 mOsmol/L decreased cell volume by 12.8% and 4.1% and inhibited cell proliferation by 34.0% and 15.6%, respectively. Cell volume was positively correlated with cell proliferation rate. Long-term cultivation of cells under anisotonic conditions did not significantly alter cell cycle distribution, but hypotonic cultivation decreased cell viability. CONCLUSION: Proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was closely correlated with the osmolarity of culture medium and cell volume. Hypotonic cultivation may inhibit cell proliferation by decreasing cell volume to facilitate cell death mechanisms.     

Efficacy of a mephentermine‐based product as a vasopressor and a cardiac performance enhancer when given intramuscularly to cattle

The goal of this study was to confirm the vasopressor and cardiac effects of POTENAY^® INJETÁVEL (POT), a mephentermine‐based product, given to cattle with induced vascular/cardiac depression. Ten healthy Holstein cattle (206 ± 13 kg) followed a randomized‐complete‐block design (RCBD) utilizing crossover study design. Each animal randomly received (1 ml/25 kg, IM) of either POT (n = 10) or volume‐matched placebo control (0.9%NaCl, CP, n = 10). A subset of animals (n = 5) received POT first (day 0) while the remaining (n = 5) received CP; after a six‐day washout period, cattle received the opposite compound. Animals were anesthetized and catheterized for systemic/left ventricular hemodynamic monitoring. Myocardial dysfunction/hypotension was induced by increasing the end‐tidal isoflurane concentration until arterial blood pressure was 20% lower than at baseline and remained stable. Once the animal was determined to be hypotensive and hemodynamically stable, steady‐state hypotensive baseline data (BL2) were acquired, and treatment with either POT or CP was given. Data were acquired post‐treatment at every 15 min for 90 min. POT improved cardiac output (+68 L/min, ±14%, p < 0.05), MAP (+14 mmHg, ±4%, p < 0.05), HR (+22 bpm, ±8%, p < 0.05), and peak rates of ventricular pressure change during both systole (dP/dt_max: +37 mmHg/s ±13%, p < 0.05) and diastole (dP/dt_min: +31 mmHg/s, ±7%, p < 0.05). No improvements were noted following placebo‐control administration. Results indicate that POT improves cardiac performance and systemic hemodynamics in cattle with induced cardiovascular depression when given as single intramuscular injection.     

Chemerin fragments show different effects on systemic blood pressure dependent on carboxyl-terminal cleavage site

Chemerin is an adipocytokine whose concentration in blood correlates positively with blood pressure (BP). We have recently revealed that acute intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of chemerin-9, an active fragment of human chemerin, increased systemic BP in normal Wistar rats, suggesting that chemerin is involved in the central nervous control of peripheral BP. After secreted as an inactive form as prochemerin, a mature form of active chemerin is produced through the cleavage of its carboxyl (C)-terminus by proteases. Although the activity of cleaved products of chemerin has been examined in vitro, in vivo effects remained to be elusive. In order to explore them, we performed acute i.c.v. injection of mouse chemerin-9 (mChemerin-9; 148F-156S), mouse chemerin-8 (mChemerin-8; 148F-155F), and mouse chemerin-7 (mChemerin-7; 148F-154A) into Wistar rats, and examined the effects on systemic BP. After chemerin fragment (1–30 nmol/head, i.c.v.) was cumulatively administered, systemic BP was measured by a cannulation method under an isoflurane anesthesia. mChemerin-9 but not mChemerin-8 and -7 induced a pressor response, which was concentration-dependent. In conclusion, we for the first time demonstrated that mChemerin-9 that corresponds to the C-terminal nine amino acids of active mouse chemerin156S increased systemic BP in rats, and also that chemerin fragments showed different effects on systemic BP dependent on how their C-terminus was cleaved.     

喷雾压力和药液流量对井冈·枯芽菌在水稻叶片定殖的影响

研究了施药机具不同工作压力和药液流量对生物农药井冈.枯芽菌在水稻叶片上定殖数量及活性的影响。盆栽试验结果表明:担架式机动喷雾机、机动弥雾喷粉机和背负式机动喷雾器对生防菌的活性无不利影响。其中担架式机动喷雾机工作压力超过2.5 MPa以上有利于生防菌的定殖;机动弥雾喷粉机同一风速挡、不同流量挡的处理中,流量挡达到2.0 L/m有利于生防菌的定殖。同时生防菌在水稻叶片上定殖数量与水稻纹枯病的防效呈正相关的关系。     

日光温室负压自动灌溉下番茄蒸腾规律研究

针对农业生产中蔬菜栽培灌溉费水费时的现状,采用一种自制负压自动灌溉系统,将供水压力设定在负值,利用土壤自动吸水的特性,达到自动灌溉和节水的效果.在此系统灌溉下采用茎热平衡技术测定番茄植株的茎流规律,分析了茎流变化规律与环境因子之间的关系,同时分析了番茄植株不同部位茎流差异以及剪叶对番茄植株茎流的影响.结果表明,在设定灌溉系统负压为60 hPa下,温室土壤含水量基本控制在阴天20.19%、晴天18.75%左右;茎流数据表明番茄植株蒸腾与太阳辐射值呈显著正相关,适当遮阴降温可以减少植株蒸腾.实验也进一步证明了叶片是植株蒸腾的主要器官,植株底层叶片蒸腾速率相对较微弱.     

轴伸贯流泵多工况下的压力脉动特性

为了研究轴伸贯流泵在不同流量工况下的压力脉动特性,应用计算流体动力学软件对泵内流场进行数值计算,揭示不同流量工况下泵内压力脉动的变化规律,并利用真机进行压力脉动测试以验证数值计算方法的可靠性.结果表明:机组各监测面的压力脉动都具有一定的周期性,转轮处波峰和波谷与转轮叶片数相关,压力脉动主频为叶频;前导叶进口截面压力脉动...     

嫁接幼苗正压气流导向方法及参数优化

负压吸附把持手具有对幼苗苗径变化适应性强、减少幼苗把持损伤的优点,但其难以实现对弯曲幼苗的自动吸附把持。针对上述问题,该研究提出了一种利用正压气流对弯曲幼苗进行导向的作业方法。以常见嫁接用黄瓜幼苗为代表进行研究,考察正压气流对纤细幼苗导向效果。首先进行了弯曲应力测定,结果表明,对于长轴平均直径为（1.82±0.07）mm、短轴平均直径为（1.47±0.02）mm的黄瓜幼苗在10 mm长度上矫正5 mm弯曲偏差时所需最大弯曲力平均值为（0.082±0.005）N;针对黄瓜幼苗进行了单管正压气流导向试验并进行高速摄影记录,结果表明,当正压气管内径为4 mm,负压把持手吸嘴口与正压气管口间距为25～30 mm,导向气压为0.3 MPa时,导向成功率为93.3%;为改善导向效果,对黄瓜幼苗进行双管正压气流导向试验,结果表明,在正压气管内径4 mm条件下,当负压把持手吸嘴口与正压气管口间距为20～25mm、导向气压为0.3 MPa时,黄瓜幼苗导向成功率为100%。该研究结果可为基于气力导向方法的幼苗把持作业提供技术参考。