Disulphide structure of high-molecular-weight (HMW-) gliadins as affected by terminators

This study aimed at elucidating SS-bonds of HMW-gliadins (HGL) from wheat with the focus on terminators of glutenin polymerisation. HGL from wheat flour extracts non-treated or treated with the S-alkylation reagent N-ethylmaleinimide (NEMI) were compared. HGL from wheat flour Akteur were isolated, hydrolysed with thermolysin and the resulting peptides pre-separated by gel permeation chromatography and analysed by liquid chromatography/mass-spectrometry using alternating electron transfer dissociation/collision-induced dissociation. Altogether, 22 and 28 SS-peptides from samples without and with NEMI treatment, respectively, were identified. Twenty-six peptides included standard SS-bonds of α- and γ-gliadins, high-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits. Eleven SS-bonds were identified for the first time. Fifteen peptides unique to HGL contained cysteine residues from gliadins with an odd number of cysteines (ω5-, α- and γ-gliadins). Thus, gliadins with an odd number of cysteines, glutathione and cysteine had acted as terminators of glutenin polymerisation. Decisive differences between samples without and with NEMI treatment were not obvious showing that the termination of polymerisation was already completed in the flour. The two HGL samples, however, were different in the majority of ten peptides that included disulphide-linked low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols such as glutathione and cysteine with the former being enriched in the non-treated HGL-sample.     

辽西北地区植被分布组成与土地沙化关系的调查

在辽西北部地区土地沙化调查中,进行的植被调查结果表明,草本植被平均盖度为71.9%。由于草地面积减少与连年干旱的影响,湿生植物、中生植物分布缩小,而旱生植物分布扩大。出现频度最高的植物共20种,其中1年生田间杂草和沙生植物的总出现次数与数量高于多年生禾草和其他多年生植物,为其1.8倍和2.7倍。因此,该区植被退化与土地沙化发展比较强烈。这20种植物中过度放牧和极度放牧沙化植物的出现次数和数量高于适度放牧(包括不放牧)和重度放牧,可知过度放牧和极度放牧,是植被退化与土地沙化的主要因素。蒺藜草的分布频度达25.0%,多度达23.7%,已经成为当地草原的主要害草。     

我国非法证据排除规则的完善——评《办理死刑案件证据规定》和《非法证据排除规定》

"两高三部"的《办理死刑案件证据规定》和《非法证据排除规定》,细化和完善了法律和司法解释关于非法证据排除的规定,进一步确立和完善了我国非法证据排除规则。这"两个规定"对司法机关及人员公正办理刑事案件、依法惩治犯罪、切实保障人权具有十分重要的意义。但也有其不足,需要建立和完善相关的配套措施。     

李仙江鱼类的区系存在度分析

依据调查、文献记录和西南林业大学标本馆馆藏标本,确定李仙江流域共有鱼类66种,隶属于5目14科44属。剔除6种引入种后,对李仙江鱼类的目、科、属3个级别进行区系存在度分析。结果显示:属级存在度更能够反映该流域的鱼类区系组成的特点,一些世界性分布的科属在李仙江流域的存在度相对较低,而具有地方性分布的部分科属,区系存在度较高,可以反映李仙江流域鱼类的区系特征。李仙江的鱼类区系成分与元江鱼类区系相似性较高。     

基于转基因产品成分低水平混杂问题探究我国转基因阈值制度

随着全球经济贸易一体化发展,转基因产品商业化为多边国际贸易带来无限的机遇和挑战.随之而来的转基因低水平混杂(LLP)问题作为不可规避的现实问题,成为国际贸易中的前沿议题.转基因阈值制度作为国际社会缓解转基因低水平混杂问题的重要因素,逐渐引起各国政府关注.以转基因低水平混杂问题现状为立足点,从技术和政策层面分析了建立转基...