悬铃木SSR反应体系建立及引物筛选

以三球悬铃木组培苗为试验材料,对影响SSR-PCR扩增效果的退火温度、dNTP、引物浓度、Taq酶量及悬铃木DNA等因素的筛选,建立适宜的悬铃木SSR-PCR分子标记反应体系。结果表明,在20μL-1体积中,50℃退火温度、4 ng.μL-1模板DNA、0.2 mmol.L-1 dNTP、0.05 U.μL-1 Taq酶量和0.6μmol.L-1引物浓度是悬铃木的最适SSR反应体系。此外,利用该体系筛选出了54对适合悬铃木SSR扩增的引物。     

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) as biomarkers for detection of Ceratocystis platani

Ceratocystis platani causes canker stain of plane trees, and it represents a serious disease of Platanus spp. both in the United States and Europe. Current chemical or biological controls do not effectively manage C. platani, so new preventive methods need to be developed in order to limit this pathogen spreading. In this work, we have characterized the main volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted in vitro from pure cultures of C. platani and other common pathogenic fungal species of hosts plants growing in the same ecosystems as plane trees. We found that C. platani emitted a similar blend of VOC compared with phylogenetically similar species C. populicola. In particular, C. platani was characterized by emission of isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate while C. populicola by ethyl acetate and isobutyl acetate, which were not released by any of the other out‐group fungal species grown on the same medium. Moreover, following a targeted approach based on the main VOC found in vitro, we have successfully validated in vivo that VOC uniquely emitted by C. platani (i.e. isobutyl acetate along with isoamyl alcohol) were released from the bark of plane trees following C. platani inoculation. Our results highlight the possibility to exploit VOC emitted specifically by C. platani as biomarkers to recognize Platanus x acerifolia plants infected by this pathogen.     

不同防治方式对天牛的防治效果研究

为明确不同防治方式对法国梧桐蛀干性害虫星天牛的防治效果并探究最佳防治措施,分别采用物理防治(人工挖虫)、药剂打孔注射、药剂毒签堵孔、药剂喷淋及“物理防治+药剂打孔注射+药剂喷雾”组合防治的方法,进行法国梧桐天牛防治试验,结果表明：本文通过比较当前主要防治措施的防治效果,结果表明采用“物理防治(人工挖虫)+ 8%高效氯氰菊酯微囊悬浮剂喷洒树干+10%甲维.吡虫啉可溶液剂打孔注药”相结合的方式防治天牛,效果稳定,防治后15天、1年、2年虫口减退率均达到95%以上。