苹果梨花芽孕育期生长锥细胞超微结构的观察

利用透射电镜对苹果梨花芽孕育期芽内生长锥细胞进行了观察，结果显示，在花芽孕育形成的过程中，生长锥细胞的超微结构发生了一系列变化：蛋白体和脂类小滴逐渐增加；核外膜向外延伸到胞质中与内质网相连，其上分布的核糖体增多；线粒体和内质网数目丰富且分布均匀；核糖体大量游散在胞质中；质体呈浅裂，中央缢缩；微管分布于靠近质膜处等。以上超微结构的变化表现出细胞旺盛分裂和分化的特点，反映了花芽孕育过程中的细胞学特征。     

冬春季莱芜黑山羊松果体功能状态的免疫组织化学比较

应用5-HT免疫组织化学染色法，对冬春两季的莱芜黑山羊松果体进行了观察比较，以探讨松果体与下丘脑垂体-性腺轴的关系。结果显示，莱芜黑山羊松果体内存在大量5-HT阳性的松果体细胞及5-HT纤维；冬季松果体阳性细胞面积及阳性面积比都明显大于春季（P〈0．01），平均光密度在冬、春季间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。表明莱芜黑山羊松果体的功能活动呈现季节性变化，与羊的繁殖活动关系密切。     

Optimality Conditions for Nonsmooth Extremum Problems in Topological Vector Spaces

Some new concepts of coneD_s convexity,coneD-s quasiconvexity,cone D-s pseudoconvexity,s right derivative of vector value mapping are proposed;and their related properties are discussed;the optimality necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for constrained extremum problem(VP)involving in cone D-s convex mapping are extablished;the relation between local optimal solution and global optimal solution;as well as the relation between weakly efficient solution and efficient solution for (VP) are derived;the corresponding results generalize the related results of classic convex programming.     

THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION AND PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION ON ROLLING CONE ENVELOPING HOURGLASS WORM GEARING

In this paper, a new high - strength worm gearing, named'rolling cone enveloping hourglass worm gearing' is proposed. With such a new type of worm gearing, the motion form between meshing tooth surfaces is changed in nature. A systematic theoretical study. a lot of numerical calculations and parameter analyses have been done. Based on these analyses,the optimum design of worm gearing is obtained. It is shown that this worm gearing possesses the virtues of high efficiency, large load capacity, long life -span and easy meanufacture.     

喷漆机器人喷枪轨迹离线优化方法

介绍了喷漆机器人喷枪轨迹离线优化方法问题的数学模型，建立了评价喷涂效果的目标泛函，确定了具体的算法．并以圆锥面工件为例对整个喷涂过程进行计算机仿真，得出优化仿真结果。     

Malignant pinealoma observed in the deep cerebral parenchyma of a male Wistar rat

This report describes a case of spontaneous malignant pinealoma in a 90-week-old male Wistar rat. The tumor mass occurred in the deep cerebral parenchyma and no intact pineal gland was observed in the area between the posterior-dorsal median line of the cerebrum and the cerebellum. The tumor was characterized by a large nodular proliferation occupying the central area of the brain, extending from the dorsal surface to the base of the brain, corresponding to the thalamus. The tumor cells had round to irregular oblong nuclei approximately 5–17 μm in diameter and showed faintly or moderately eosinophilic cytoplasm and indistinct cell boundaries. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for synaptophysin and partially positive for neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The tumor showed malignant features including cellular pleomorphism, high mitotic index, necrotic foci, and invasive and extensive growth and was, therefore, diagnosed as an extremely rare malignant pinealoma in the deep cerebral parenchyma.     

锥盘式撒肥装置的性能分析与试验

针对目前大多数撒肥机在作业过程中存在抛撒不均问题,该文设计了一种锥盘式撒肥装置。通过对该装置结构和工作原理的阐述及肥料颗粒在撒肥盘、叶片上和空气中的动力学和运动学分析,建立了肥料颗粒的运动模型。以叶片长度、叶片水平投影倾角、撒肥盘转速、肥箱落肥口位置和面积为试验因素,以肥料抛撒的横向变异系数为试验指标进行了台架试验。试验表明,当落肥口位置(落肥口中心点在以叶片旋转中心在地面的投影为坐标原点的空间直角坐标系中的坐标值)为(70 mm,0,800 mm),叶片长度为150 mm,落肥口面积为2456 mm2,叶片水平投影倾角为1°,撒肥盘转速为1090 r/min时,横向撒肥变异系数为5.215%,此时肥料抛撒的均匀性最好,满足施肥作业要求。该装置基本上解决了肥料抛撒不均方面的不足,为锥盘式撒肥机的设计与优化提供了参考。     

基于ANSYS雾化喷嘴流场分析及参数优化

喷嘴是喷雾作业的终端件,也是核心部件之一。喷嘴的锥形面处是流场速度和压力变化的关键部位,喷嘴入口对喷嘴出口流量和速度有很大影响。为此,运用ANSYS软件模拟了液力式雾化喷嘴的内部流场和喷嘴外部雾化场雾滴分布和速度分布情况,对比分析了不同结构参数对喷嘴流场的影响,为喷嘴结构参数的合理选择提供了一定的参考。     

基于UG平台的直齿圆锥齿轮的三维精确建模

直齿圆锥齿轮是现代机械中应用最为广泛的一种传动机构。它可以用来传递空间两轴之间的运动和动力，而且传动准确、平稳、机械效率高。为此，介绍了一个在UG平台上建立直齿圆锥齿轮三维模型的新方法，该方法符合《机械原理》一书对直齿圆锥齿轮齿廓线的定义．实现了精确建模的目的。最后通过一个简单的实例。进一步阐明了该方法的实现过程。     

云杉天然群体种实性状变异研究

以云杉全分布区内7个有代表性的天然群体,每个群体30个家系(单株)为试验材料,对7个种实表型性状采用方差分析、多重比较、相关分析和聚类分析等统计分析方法,讨论了群体间和群体内的表型多样性。结果表明,云杉种内表型性状在群体间和群体内存在极其丰富的遗传变异,云杉球果长度、球果宽度、球果长宽比、球果干重、种子长度、种子宽度和种子长宽比7个性状的表型分化系数(VST)分别为48.63%,41.19%,24.59%,49.72%,61.63%,62.04%和5.00%,球果和种子的性状指数比单个性状稳定;种实性状表型分化系数的变幅为5.00%～62.04%,群体间表型分化系数均值为41.83%;群体间变异(41.83%)稍小于群体内变异(58.17%)。7个种实表型性状间多数呈极显著或显著相关,球果长度、球果宽度和种子长度为易测定和重要的种实表型性状;云杉种内群体的球果表型变异在空间分布上呈现出以纬度为主的单向变异模式,球果性状与温度呈极显著正相关,与纬度、年降水量和生态梯度值(EGA)呈极显著或显著负相关;利用群体间欧氏距离进行UPGMA聚类分析,可将云杉群体划分为4类。