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【目的】探讨适宜蝴蝶兰抽梗的温度,为生产管理提供依据,也为难催花品种及低温替代提供参考。【方法】以‘火凤凰’蝴蝶兰袋苗为材料,在人工气候箱条件下,采用单因素随机区组试验设计方法,设置 5个温度处理,分别为 29/22、26/19、23/16、20/13、17/10 ℃(日 / 夜),每个处理温差均为 7 ℃,昼夜光周期10 h/14 h,相对湿度 75%。【结果】26/19 ℃处理后蝴蝶兰抽梗时间最早,处理后 30 d 抽梗,抽梗率为 100%,抽梗指数为 14.86;23/16 ℃处理后 36 d 抽梗,抽梗率达 100%,抽梗指数为 2.41;20/13 ℃处理后 40 d 抽梗,抽梗率为 95%,抽梗指数为 1.13。20~26 ℃处理抽梗前可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、丙二醛含量显著上升,抽梗后显著下降。抽梗前超氧化物歧化酶活性上升。【结论】蝴蝶兰最适抽梗温度为 26/19 ℃;29/22 ℃处理未抽出花序轴,表明高温条件下蝴蝶兰不能诱导开花;17/10 ℃处理引起低温伤害,培育一段时间后转移到较高温度可以抽出花梗,但花梗质量偏差。 相似文献
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Two soils with relatively high(Soil 1)and low(Soil 2) ammonium fixation capacities were used in this study to examiune the effect of ammonium fixation on the determination of N mineralized from soil microbial biomass.Organism suspension was quantitatively introduced to Soil 1 at various rates.Both fumigation-incubation (FI) and fumigation-extraction (FE) methods were used to treat the soil.The amount of fixed NH4^ increased with increasing rate of organism-N addition.A close correlation was found between the amount of fixed ammonium and th rate of organism-m addition.The net increases of fixed NH4^ -N were equivalent to 38% and 12% of the added organism-N for FI and FE treatments,rspectively,in this specific soil.To provide isotopic evidence,^15N-labelled organism-N was added to Soils 1 and 2 at 121.4 mg N kg^-1.In FI treatment,22 and 3mg N kg^-1 of labelled N were found in the fraction of fixed NH4^ -N in Soile 1 and 2 respectively;while in FE treatment,9 mg N kg^-1 of labelled N was found in the fraction of fixed NH4^ -N in Soil 1 only.There was no labelled N in the fraction of fixed NH4^ -N in Soil 2.In all of the unfumigated (check) soils,there was little or no labelled N in the fixed fractions,probably because the organism-N added was easily mineralized and nitrified.A mean of 0.64 for KN value,the fraction of N mineralized in the killed microbial biomass,as obtained with inclusion of the net increase of fixed NH4^ -N,The corresponding value calculated with exclusion of the net increase of ficed NH4^ -N was 0.46 ,It was concluded that ammonium fixation was a problem in deterination of KN,particularly for soils with a high ammonium fixation capacity, Results also showed that microbial biomass N measurement by FFE method was less affected by ammonium process than that by FI method. 相似文献
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Tatsuro Suzuki Yuji Mukasa Toshikazu Morishita Shigenobu Takigawa Takahiro Noda 《Breeding Science》2012,62(4):360-364
Seed shattering is a significant problem with buckwheat, especially at harvesting time. Several reports have shown that a green-flower mutant of buckwheat, such as W/SK86GF, has a strong pedicel. Although a strong pedicel may provide some resistance to shattering in the field, no study has thoroughly examined this issue. In this paper, we demonstrate that a W/SK86GF has shattering resistance by comparing the degrees of shattering of W/SK86GF and Kitawasesoba (leading variety of Hokkaido with non-green-flower traits) through a test for four years, including a typhoon hit year in the field. In a non-typhoon year, the shattering seed ratio (shattering seed weight/(yield + shattering seed weight) × 100) of W/SK86GF at maturing time +15 days (+15D) was lower than that of Kitawasesoba. In a typhoon hit year, the shattering seed ratios of Kitawasesoba at maturing time and +15D were surprisingly high, 14.4 and 21.1%, respectively. On the other hand, those of W/SK86GF were only 3.08% and 2.57%, respectively; indicating W/SK86GF is promising as a shattering resistant line even in a typhoon hit year. From these results, shattering resistance of W/SK86GF can be evaluated after maturing time such as +15D and pedicel strength would confer W/SK86GF a shattering resistant trait. 相似文献
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本试验在新鲜哈密瓜瓜蒂中分别添加食盐、食盐+0.02%复合菌、食盐+0.02%复合菌+0.03%甲酸调制瓜蒂常规青贮,哈密瓜瓜蒂经预干燥调制单独青贮或与饲料高粱按1∶1比例混合调制混合青贮,讨论哈密瓜瓜蒂发酵贮藏可能性;同时哈密瓜瓜蒂草粉与混播草草粉按0∶100、20∶80、40∶60、60∶40、80∶20与100∶0的比例组合进行体外发酵试验,测定培养2、4、8、12、24、36、48 h产气量和48 h发酵参数,探讨瓜蒂饲料添加对体外发酵产气及干物质降解率的影响。结果表明:哈密瓜瓜蒂含水量为(86.93±0.22)%,水溶性碳水化合物含量为(6.58±0.74)%,缓冲能为930.8 m Eq/kg,属于含水率和缓冲能高的青贮原料;哈密瓜瓜蒂干物质中,粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维含量分别为(7.37±0.81)%和(44.65±0.95)%,属于低蛋白、低纤维粗饲料;新鲜瓜蒂中分别添加食盐、食盐+复合菌和食盐+复合菌+甲酸能提高乳酸和总酸含量,但p H值不易降低,达不到优质青贮饲料标准;哈密瓜瓜蒂调制半干青贮或与饲料高粱混合调制青贮能改善其发酵品质,其中混合青贮显著降低p H值(P0.05);体外发酵底物中,随着哈密瓜瓜蒂草粉添加比例的增加,产气量和干物质降解率呈增加趋势。 相似文献
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采用扫描电镜和焦锑酸钙沉淀的电镜细胞化学法,研究了番茄花柄脱落过程中离区细胞以及钙分布的变化。结果表明:离区的分离开始于皮层与维管束周围小细胞,先在这两个区域出现少量不连续的胞间空隙,并逐渐在维管组织区形成连续的断裂面,此后断裂面向中央的髓部组织延伸,先是维管组织的分离,然后是最中间的髓部以及最外侧表皮组织。钙分布研究发现脱落发生之前钙主要分布在细胞壁、质膜及液泡中。脱落发生后,钙颗粒主要分布在退化细胞壁和细胞间隙中,少量分布在细胞质中。皮层,维管束以及髓部细胞在整个脱落过程中钙分布以及钙形态明显不同,这可能是造成离区各组织在脱落中有不同分离程度的主要原因. 相似文献
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无核白葡萄果柄结构与落粒关系的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
无核白葡萄果实采后落粒可分为果柄断落,湿落和干落三种类型,以干落为主,果柄上分布大量的皮孔,采后失水干萎速度快,因此,葡萄保鲜贮藏的关键在于控制果柄的衰老。 相似文献
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黄皮精油熏蒸果蒂对番木瓜常温保鲜效果的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探究黄皮精油熏蒸果蒂对番木瓜常温25℃条件下保鲜效果的影响,以水蒸气蒸馏的黄皮叶精油为材料,在常温下对"日升"品种的番木瓜果实果蒂部位进行熏蒸处理,并定期测定常温贮藏期间番木瓜果实的外观和营养品质及生理指标。结果表明,黄皮精油能抑制果实在常温贮藏条件下腐烂指数的上升,减缓果实水分的散失,维持果实硬度、可溶性固形物(total soluble solids,TSS)、维生素C(vitamin C,VC)含量,抑制丙二醛(malondiadehyde,MDA)的积累,提高超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性,但对相对电导率无显著影响,其中以2μL的精油处理保鲜效果最好,因3μL和4μL精油用量过大对果实产生了不同程度的药害。因此,黄皮精油熏蒸果蒂在常温条件下有防腐保鲜作用,该结果为黄皮精油用于开发安全无毒的生物保鲜剂提供理论依据。 相似文献