流固耦合方法对气携旋流分离的数值模拟

指出了气携式液液旋流器是港区小型化、船载化洗舱、压仓含油废水预处理的关键设备.采用流固耦合数值模拟方法再现压缩机进气、油水旋流与设备本体的整体气浮—旋流—分离耦合计算模型 ,对其核心部件微孔旋流套管的构型、孔径、内外压差及腔内流场分布进行了三维数值模拟 ,得到了微孔旋流腔内汽、水、油三相的流场分布 ,合理确定了注气腔气—水平衡分压、溢流比和微孔孔径 ,并模拟了压缩机、潜水泵正常工况下进气、进水、出水、油污溢流的流量、流速波动范围 ,为该设备的一体化构型设计和加工选材提供了参考数据.     

水头可调薄壁堰式渠道流量智能测控系统优化试验研究

采用巴赞堰流公式计算流量的水头可调薄壁堰式渠道流量智能测控系统通过渠道流量量测与控制试验,验证了其精准的测流功能和智能控制技术的可行性。为进一步提高该测控系统运行的效率和稳定性,减少运行能耗,对矩形薄壁堰堰流公式进行水力试验研究,通过分析堰上水头和流量关系,拟合出矩形薄壁堰流量计算公式。通过向该拟合公式引入修正系数λ=0.848,将测控系统测得的堰上水头数据值代入该拟合公式求得的流量值与电磁流量计测得流量值的差值的平均值为-0.004L/s,标准差为0.119,线性相关系数R2=0.989 1。该拟合公式相对于巴赞堰流公式形式简单、参数较少、运算简便,同时也满足节水灌溉对精准测流的要求,更适用于水头可调薄壁堰式渠道流量智能测控系统,对于在灌区推广和使用该测控系统具有重要的意义。     

Physical simulation of fluid field and structure optimization in two-strand tundish

The influence of the structure and location of dam and weir on fluid flow state in a two-strand tundish is studied, and a set of optimal structure, combining with the average residence time calculated from RTD curve, is obtained. The result indicates that the fluid flow state can be changed and the path of the fluid flow can be prolonged as well as the average residence time is improved after using dam and weir. But there are some dead zones after fluid passed through the dam and weir. Combination scheme of No. one dam and weir is better than the others. Its average residence time is 299 s and the volume fraction of dead zone is 31.0%. After the optimization of flowing control parameters in tundish, the best case is that the distance between dam and weir is 290 mm and the distance between weir and the long nozzle is 383 mm. The longest average residence time is 351 s and the minimum volume fraction of dead zone is 19.0% under the above situation. Compared with that of no dam and weir, the average residence time increases by 65 s and the dead zone volume fraction decreases by 15.0%. Based on Newton formula, the calculated results show that the inclusions with diameter larger than 17.5 μm can float up within 351 s under this optimization situation.     

Passage of sediment through flumes and over weirs

This paper reports on laboratory research on the sediment passagecapability through long-throated flumes and broad-crested weirs withwhich the Froude number in the approach channel does not exceed 0.6over a distance of about 20 times the water depth upstream of thestructure. Design rules are given for any combination of flume or weirin combination with any channel.     

宽顶堰平板压差式量水闸过流规律

灌区水量的测量问题正日益受到关注。对于平原灌区，研究利用以淹没出流为主的工作闸门进行渠道量水具有现实意义。基于孔板式流量计的测流原理，提出一种平板压差式量水闸门。选择不同闸门开度e与闸门上游水深H组合，通过室内试验研究分析了闸孔淹没出流的相关测流规律，得出实用的流量系数经验公式。结果表明，该型闸门结构简单，取压方便，量水精度较高，集水位流量调控与测量为一体，适合应用于平原灌区。     

小型U形渠道适宜量水设备浅析

在节水灌溉技术的推广应用中,灌区量水是一项基础的、关键性的技术.灌区量水设施灌区节水、实现水资源高效可持续利用具有重要意义。随着节水农业的发展和水价制度的改革，迫切需要研究并推广可对灌区末级渠系计量的量水设备。抛物线形移动式量水堰板和便携式量水槽是针对小型U形渠道测流而提出的量水设备，具有使用方便，结构简单等优点。通过对2种量水设备的比较，模拟分析了在不同渠道条件下的量水性能指标。结果表明：2种量水设备的量水精度均可满足灌区测流要求；抛物线形移动式量水堰板测流幅度大，渠道适应性好；在可以适用的缓坡渠道条件下，可优选便携式量水槽。     

Does root-sourced ABA play a role for regulation of stomata under drought in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

The Andean seed crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is traditionally grown under drought and other adverse conditions that constrain crop production in the Andes, and it is regarded as having considerable tolerance to soil drying. The objective of this research was to study how chemical and hydraulic signalling from the root system controlled gas exchange in a drying soil in quinoa. It was observed that during soil drying, relative g_s and photosynthesis A_max (drought stressed/fully watered plants) equalled 1, until the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) decreased to 0.82 ± 0.152 and 0.33 ± 0.061, respectively, at bud formation, indicating that photosynthesis was maintained after stomata closure. The relationship between relative g_s and relative A_max at bud formation was represented by a logarithmic function (r² = 0.79), which resulted in a photosynthetic water use efficiency WUE_Amax_/gs$\text{WU}{\text{E}}_{A_{\text{max}}/g_{\text{s}}}$ of 1 when FTSW > 0.8, and increased by 50% with soil drying to FTSW 0.7–0.4. Mild soil drying slightly increased ABA in the xylem. It is concluded that during soil drying, quinoa plants have a sensitive stomatal closure, by which the plants are able to maintain leaf water potential (ψ_l) and A_max, resulting in an increase of WUE. Root originated ABA plays a role in stomata performance during soil drying. ABA regulation seems to be one of the mechanisms utilised by quinoa when facing drought inducing decrease of turgor of stomata guard cells.     

矩形薄壁侧堰水力特性试验研究

侧堰作为一种量水设施,精度较高、结构简单、安装和拆卸方便,较易在灌区应用和推广,有很大的研究价值。对不同宽度和高度的矩形侧堰在缓流条件下进行了试验,分析了各工况下矩形渠道侧堰上、下游水面线、能量分布、流量系数等水力因素。结果表明,主渠道侧堰段能量基本保持不变,符合De Marchi的恒定能量假定;主渠道靠近侧堰边壁、中心线以及另一边壁三处的水面波动程度不同,说明侧堰对堰前水流产生影响;基于De Marchi假定和无量纲分析原理得到的流量公式最大相对误差均在±10%以内,满足灌区量水精度要求。     

悬板分层水流流动特性的测试研究

随着悬板分层式引水枢纽工程近年逐步被推广应用，对其水流特性及输沙机理的研究也越来越受到人们的重视。本研究利用激光测速仪首次对悬板分层水流流场特性进行了测试，并分析了其对输沙过程的影响     

参附养心汤对老年阳虚水泛型慢性心力衰竭患者心功能及血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平的影响

目的 观察参附养心汤治疗老年阳虚水泛型慢性心力衰竭的临床效果。方法 将老年阳虚水泛型慢性心力衰竭患者92例随机分为观察组和对照组,每组46例。对照组采用西医常规治疗,观察组在对照组治疗方法基础上给予参附养心汤治疗。治疗4周后,对两组患者临床疗效、脑钠肽（BNP）、6 min步行距离、心功能指标[左心室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、收缩末期容积（LVESV）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）]及细胞炎性因子[白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）]进行比较。结果 治疗4周后,观察组总有效率为89.1%,显著高于对照组71.7%,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组的BNP水平显著低于对照组,而6 min步行距离显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组的LVEDV、LVESV均显著低于对照组,而LVEF高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组的血清hs-CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 参附养心汤能显著改善老年阳虚水泛型慢性心力衰竭患者的心功能指标,降低BNP水平,减轻炎症反应,提高运动耐量,疗效显著。