刺槐无性系种子园老龄母树截干矮化试验

利用刺槐萌蘖力强的特性,对刺槐无性系种子园老龄化后的树体进行截干试验,促使其萌蘖形成新的树冠,并进行整形修剪,结果表明:老龄母树截干矮化,效果良好,达到预期目标。解决了原母树树体高大釆种困难的问题,为提高刺槐种子园老龄化后种子产量和质量进行了有益的探索。     

Meiotic chromosome behavior in allotriploid cultivar of Lifium hybrids.

采用细胞遗传学方法,对Longiflorum×Asiatic系列异源三倍体百合‘Bonsoir’（2n=3x=36）小孢子母细胞减数分裂进行了研究和分析。结果显示,有64．31％的花粉具有活力,且有活力的花粉大小范围在986．33-3491．68μm2之间,并呈双峰分布。形成败育花粉的主要原因如下：高度不规则的染色体配对、落后染色体、染色体桥、不均等分离、微核等现象。另外,减数分裂中期Ⅱ纺锤体的异常定向导致了末期Ⅱ二分体和三分体的形成,产生未减数的配子,如融合纺锤体和三极纺锤体;但平行纺锤体和垂直纺锤体不参与未减数配子的形成。一些小孢子母细胞在胞质分裂过程中未形成细胞板,导致单分体的形成以及二分体和三分体的增加,提高了未减数配子的颛率。通讨对小袍子发毕讨稃中各种观象的观察．对异源=倍体百合存畜种申的府阳讲行讨论．     

植物生长调节剂与母株年龄对芫花扦插繁殖的影响

为探索芫花扦插繁育技术,加快芫花繁育进程,以芫花一年生枝条为材料,研究了植物生长调节剂不同浓度和母株树龄对芫花扦插的影响。结果表明,芫花插穗生根率以1000mg.L^-1生长调节剂(IBA：NAA=1:1,二者总浓度之和,下同)处理效果最好,最高可达84%;高浓度调节剂(750mg.L^-1以上)处理时,生根数随着浓度增加而减少,但750mg.L^-1与1000mg.L^-1处理差异不显著;2年生母株插条的生根率和生根数均要大于5年生母株的,且差异显著;调节剂浓度和母株年龄对根长的影响很小。     

脱毒马铃薯扩繁技术初探

本试验以早熟品种东农３０３、中熟品种系薯１号和晚熟品种晋薯７号为试验材料，采用Ｌ１２（４×３￣２）正交试验法，分室内和室外两组同时进行试验，结果表明，出芽天数随着温度的上升而减少；大薯块出芽数极显著高于中小薯块；出芽数则随着掰芽次数的增加而减少；系薯１号的出芽数明显高于晋薯７号，与东农３０３差异不显著．产量结果表明，主因素为品种；其次为薯块大小；掰芽次数间差异不显著；母薯则极显著高于掰芽次数．综合结果分析，脱毒马铃薯掰芽扩繁是一项节省种薯，提高繁殖系数的有效措施；以选择适宜当地种植的高产高效和大薯块掰芽为好；三次掰芽扩繁移栽和母薯直播是可行的马铃薯扩繁技术措施．     

爬竹雄蕊发育异常的初步观察

本文报道了爬竹雄蕊发育中有异于正常雄蕊发育过程的现象。观察结果表明,爬竹的某些雄蕊在发育过程中,在不同的时期发生偏离于正常途径的发育,这些异常现象最早出现在雄蕊原基发育时期。异常发育的雄蕊或者不能形成花粉囊;或者形成了花粉囊但囊内细胞高度液泡化,缺乏原生质,无法形成有效的小孢子母细胞。     

桉树采穗母株和采穗年限的选择

桉树丰产林能否获得速生、高产,除了气候、温度和土壤等立地条件和造林措施以及种苗品种等因子外,苗木扦插繁育技术也是重要因素,其中采穗母株和采穗年限的选择是关键环节.近几年,对湛江市桉树林进行了测定和调查.结果表明:与扦插苗作母株相比,组培苗作母株能扦插的穗条产量增产100%~216.6%,组培苗造林后年平均生长量增加28.5%;组培苗的苗龄超过3 a后,穗条产量和丰产林的年平均生长量均明显下降,采穗母株的采穗年限应控制在3 a以内,3 a后必须更新.     

普陀水仙花大球栽培技术试验初报

对普陀水仙花采用优质种球繁育技术、湿生栽培技术、种球阉割技术、病害综合防治技术和氮、磷、钾合理配方施肥技术5项技术措施后,其病害减轻,分生球减少,主球的大球率从原来的30%以下提高到60%以上.     

Analysis of the change in the original Metasequoia glyptostroboides population and its environment in Lichuan, Hubei from 1948 to 2003

Lichuan, located at the foot of the Wuling Mountain in southwest Hubei Province of central China, is well known in the world for the discovery of the living fossil Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & Cheng in the 1940s. Its natural habitat has been well protected by the Chinese government. In order to provide a scientific foundation for the protection of the Metasequoia resource, it has become necessary to analyze the changes in the original, natural Metasequoia mother trees (ONMMT) and their environment from 1948 to 2003. The results and countermeasures are as follows: First, the distribution areas have little changed, involving four towns/farmland, 45 villages, 5,746 individual trees in 1983 and 5,388 trees in 2003, covering nearly 600 km², with an average density of less than 0.1 tree/hm². The Metasequoia distribution consists of two main types: a scattered distribution type found mainly at the foothills or near houses, roads, villages and rivers while the population distribution type is found mainly at the mountains and valleys with a minority at low elevations in the mountains and basins. The largest Metasequoia populations have 105 and 123 trees. Second, in the past, attention was only paid to the protection of individual trees while the protection of the Metasequoia population and environment was neglected. This led to a shift from the past mixed forests to pure Metasequoia forests, with a simpler structure, reduced biodiversity and conditions non-conducive for natural renewal. From 1983 to 2003, 386 original Metasequoia mother trees died. So it is vital to enhance the protection of the only original Metasequoia population in the world and its habitat. Third, modern ecological means should be taken to protect the original Metasequoia population and its habitat. Research on the restoration and rehabilitation of Metasequoia vegetation should be carried out. Restoration and rehabilitation should be put into practice in the Xiaohe Valley, where the highest concentration of Metasequoia is found. Fourth, efficient measures should be taken to stop human activities that are harmful to Metasequoia and to improve the environment of ONMMT in order to promote the protection of the ONMMT population and its ecosystem. Eco-emigration and the return of marginal agricultural land to forestry can be practiced. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(5): 972–977 [译自: 生态学报, 2005, 25(5): 972–977]     

红托竹荪母种分离培养初探

通过不同培养基培养红托竹荪母种，探明红托竹荪母种培养基的最佳营养条件，为红托竹荪生产提供母种制种技术。     

莲雾插穗与其母体植株叶片光合特性比较研究

在种苗智能化快繁系统调控下,探讨生根过程中莲雾插穗叶片与其母体植株叶片光合特性的差异。结果表明,扦插前中期插穗叶片的净光合速率高于母体植株,插穗叶片PSII有效光化学量子产量（YIELD ）始终保持在离体时的较高水平,插穗生根后叶片光合电子传递速率（ETR）均高于母体植株,反映了在种苗智能化快繁系统调控下,莲雾插穗叶片的光合能力不低于其母体植株,仍保持刚离体时的较高水平,插穗依靠叶片光合作用为其生根提供物质和能量。