Optimizing injection time of GFP plasmid into sheep zygote

Microinjection of exogenous DNA into the cytoplasm of matured oocytes or zygotes is a promising technique to generate transgenic animals. However, the data about the microinjection time and procedure in sheep are limited and have not treated in detail. To obtain more in-depth information, the Sarda sheep oocytes from abattoir-derived ovaries were subjected to IVM and IVF. Then, the GFP plasmid as a reporter gene was injected into the cytoplasm of MII oocytes (n: 95) and zygotes at different post-insemination intervals (6–8 hpi, n: 120; 8–10 hpi, n: 122; 10–12 hpi, n: 110 and 12–14 hpi, n: 96). There were no significant differences in the cleavage rates between the groups. However, blastocyst rate of injected zygotes at all-time intervals was significantly lower than injected MII oocytes and control group (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the proportion of GFP-positive embryos was higher at 8–10 hpi compared with other injected groups (4 % versus 0 %, p  < 0.01). Among these, the proportion of mosaic embryos was high and two of those embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. In conclusion, we settled on the cytoplasmic microinjection of GFP plasmid at 8–10 hpi as an optimized time point for the production of transgenic sheep and subsequent experiments.     

半滑舌鳎vasa调控区的克隆、表达载体构建及其驱动活性检测

为研究半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)vasa(Csvasa)基因调控区的功能,在已克隆的Csvasa基因编码序列的基础上,采用基因组步移和PCR扩增的方法克隆得到Csvasa调控区,通过生物信息学方法分析vasa基因5′区,并构建了含Csvasa基因调控区的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)表达载体(p Csvasa-GFP-T),进一步通过显微注射技术初步验证调控区的驱动活性。结果表明,通过基因组步移和PCR扩增获得Csvasa 5′区5 166 bp和3′区1 655 bp,利用在线生物信息学软件对5′区序列进行分析,发现在转录起始点上游26 bp处存在保守的TATA框,以及潜在的转录因子结合点如SRY、Oct-1、Sox-5、CREB、GATA、AP-1、C/EBP、Sp-1、c-Myc、HNF、NKX2-5、V-Myb等。通过显微注射技术,将所构建的p Csvasa-GFP-T表达载体注射于青鳉(Oryzias latipes)受精卵并进行培养观测,发现Csvasa调控区能够驱动GFP在青鳉胚胎内表达,荧光表达率为81%。将有荧光的胚胎培养为成鱼,检测外源基因的整合率为11.5%。这些结果为进一步研究半滑舌鳎原始生殖细胞(PGCs)的标记、追踪和操作研究以及半滑舌鳎的性别控制等奠定了基础。     

慢病毒生产卵泡抑素转基因绵阳PCR检测方法的建立(英文)

[目的]建立稳定快速的慢病毒转基因羊DNA水平检测方法。[方法]采集初生转基因羔羊的子叶、脐带、尾组织以及死亡羔羊的全身各组织,提取基因组DNA作为模板进行PCR检测,以Follistatin基因N+D1片段特异性引物进行PCR检测;同时,对慢病毒载体的CMV启动子、5’-LTR等结构元件进行PCR检测;提取死亡羔羊的全身组织以及转基因羔羊的活体肌肉组织总RNA,进行RTPCR检测。[结果]采用试剂盒提取的基因组DNA比常规方法提取的DNA快速、高效,且更易被检测,扩增时的引物采用载体上游与目标基因下游的组合大大增加了检测的特异性,避免了内源性目标基因的干扰而造成假阳性;初生转基因羔羊的尾组织可作为PCR检测的组织样品,其结果可靠、准确;对CMV启动子及5’-LTR等结构元件作PCR检测为转基因动物的安全性考察提供了数据,同时验证了转基因羔羊目的基因的检测结果;对转基因羔羊肌肉组织提取总RNA后进行RT-PCR检测,其中有3只羔羊没有检测到转录产物,其他均有转录。[结论]该研究建立的转基因绵羊PCR检测方法高效、快速且准确,为进一步蛋白水平检测提供试验依据,也为建立转基因绵羊系统性多层次的检测方法奠定基础,还为转基因绵羊的安全监测提供了稳定的技术平台。     

转人MCP和CD59双基因小鼠的制备

采用显微混合注射的方法制备转人MCP(膜辅因子蛋白)和CD59(膜反应性溶解抑制物)双基因小鼠,共注射478枚受精卵,移植于21只受体,其中14只受孕,8只受孕小鼠中途流产,从6只受孕小鼠获得18只仔鼠,经检测,其中9只仔鼠单基因阳性(50％),6只仔鼠双基因阳性(33．3％)。结果表明：通过显微混合注射的方法可以获得转人MCP和CD59双基因小鼠。     

显微注射胚胎干细胞对长爪沙鼠胚胎发育的影响

将不同数量的成系的小鼠胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)显微注射注入长爪沙鼠(Merionesunguiculatus)的不同胚期的胚胎中,研究其对胚胎发育的影响,以期初步探索嵌合胚胎制作的条件。试验结果表明,显微注射2～5、6～10和11～15个ES细胞数量之间对早囊/囊胚期胚胎的成活率和孵化率的影响均不显著,但显微注射11～15个ES细胞的成活率和孵化率较低,分别为82.14%和64.29%;显微注射2～5个ES细胞的成活率和孵化率均较高,分别为90.90%和78.79%。显微注射11～15个ES细胞和未经显微注射的胚胎成活率分别为95.12%和82.14%,差异极显著(P<0.01);孵化率分别为90.48%和64.29%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。不经显微注射的桑椹/囊胚、经显微注射的8～16-细胞期胚胎和早囊/囊胚,其成活率分别为94.92%、91.53%和87.50%,差异均不显著(P>0.05);从孵化率来看,未经显微注射的桑椹/囊胚和经显微注射的8～16-细胞期胚胎其孵化率分别为89.83%和61.02%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

In vitro development of IVF-derived bovine embryos following cytoplasmic microinjection for the episomal expression of the IGF2 gene

Important genomic imprinting changes usually occur following the in vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos, especially in the imprinting pattern of components of the IGF system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a transient episomal overexpression of the IGF2 gene in bovine IVP embryos following embryo cytoplasmic microinjection (CMI) at the 1-cell stage on embryo survival, early and late developmental kinetics and morphological quality up to Day 7 of development. Selected cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured and fertilized in vitro and subsequently segregated into six experimental groups: non-CMI control group and five CMI groups at increasing doses (0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ng/μl) of a GFP vector built for the episomal expression of bovine IGF2. Zygote CMI was effective in delivering the expression vector into the ooplasm, irrespective of the groups, with 58% of positive GFP fluorescence in Day 7 blastocysts. Considering developmental rates and late embryo kinetics, the 10-ng/μl CMI vector dose promoted a lower blastocyst rate (10.4%), but for blastocysts at more advanced stages of development (93.0% blastocysts and expanded blastocysts), and higher number of cells (116.0 ± 3.0) than non-CMI controls (23.3%, 75.0% and 75.0 ± 6.8 were obtained, respectively). In conclusion, CMI at the 1-cell stage did not compromise subsequent in vitro development of surviving embryos, with the 10-ng/μl group demonstrating a possible growth-promoting effect of the IGF2 gene on embryo development, from the 1-cell to the blastocyst stage.     

Transgenic chimera quail production by microinjecting lentiviral vector into the blood vessel of the early embryo

In the past, several strategies have been used to generate transgenic birds. The most successful method has proven to be injection of lentiviral vector into the subgerminal cavity of the newly laid egg. In this study, we directly injected lentiviral vector into the blood vessel of HH13–15 quail embryos to produce transgenic chimeras. In the manipulated, hatched birds, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene driven by a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter was extensively expressed. All tissues analyzed were GFP‐positive, and gonad cells from some of the manipulated embryos expressed GFP. The semen genome of 21.4% of mature male birds was determined to be GFP‐positive by PCR, indicating these male birds were transgenic chimeras.     

水牛体细胞核移植方法比较及激活前的时间间隔对全细胞胞质内注射法核移植效果的影响

本研究旨在比较水牛2种体细胞核移植(Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer,SCNT)方法的效果以及激活前的时间间隔对全细胞胞质内注射法(Whole-Cell Intracytoplasmic Microinjection,WCICSI)核移植效果的影响.采用水牛胎儿成纤维细胞作为供核,比较了透明带下注核法(Perivitelline Microinjection,PM)和WCICSI核移植效果.另外,试验了不同类型的供体细胞进行全细胞胞质内注射后与激活前的受体胞质的最适宜作用时间.结果,WCICSI构建核移植重构胚的成功率显著高于PM(87.1%vs 81.1%,P＜0.05),虽然其重构胚的分裂率极显著低于PM(49.5%vs 71.8%,P＜0.01),但囊胚率、核移植的效率无显著差异(P＞0.05).卵丘细胞和胎儿成纤维细胞在注射后3 h激活,重构胚的囊胚发育率最高;颗粒细胞注射后与激活前的最佳时间间隔可在1.5～3 h,但3 h是最佳的作用时间.结果表明,(1)WCICSI可用于水牛体细胞核移植的研究;(2)水牛胞质内注射供体细胞后3 h进行激活,核移植重构胚的发育效果最好.     

移植方法和培养液对显微注射生产转基因小鼠的影响

研究了移植方法和培养液对显微注射法生产转基因小鼠的影响。结果表明 ,小鼠受精卵显微注射外源基因后 ,进行单、双侧输卵管移植 ,受体的妊娠率分别为 34.4 %和 37.5 % (P>0 .0 5 ) ,差异不显著 ;但仔鼠成活率分别为 83.6 %和 97.2 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ,差异显著。用 M2和改良的 M2培养液作为显微注射及移植工作液 ,体外培养的囊胚率分别为 17%和 35 % (P<0 .0 1) ,差异极显著 ,体内发育的情况也与这一结果相似 ,妊娠率分别为 35 .9%和 6 2 .5 % (P<0 .0 5 )。表明改良的 M2培养液的成分结构更适合小鼠胚胎发育的要求。     

绿色荧光蛋白基因向花鲈胚胎的转移及其表达

通过显微注射的方法,将绿色荧光蛋白(Green fluorescent protein,GFP)基因注射入花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)单细胞期受精卵动物极细胞质内。初步研究了显微注射后的花鲈胚胎的存活状况。在荧光显微镜下观察到了GFP的表达,多数胚胎表现为嵌合性表达。利用PCR技术,从花鲈尾芽期胚胎DNA中扩增出了特异片段,大小为750bp,表明显微注射胚胎中整合了外源GFP基因。