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排序方式: 共有144条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
银条茎尖培养快繁及离体根状茎的诱导 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
以银条‘二细一粗’品种为试材, 研究了蔗糖浓度、激素组合对茎尖培养和快速繁殖的影响及温度、光照、蔗糖浓度等因素对根状茎离体诱导的影响。结果表明: 茎尖培养较理想的培养基为MS + 蔗糖4 % + 6-BA 0.5 mg·L - 1 + NAA 0.1 mg·L - 1 , 成苗率可达74.0 %。茎尖增殖较适培养基为MS + 6-BA 3.0 mg·L - 1 + NAA 0.5 mg·L - 1 , 每个外植体平均可产生5.6 个芽。根状茎诱导以MS + 蔗糖10 % + 6-BA 510 mg·L - 1+ CCC 500 mg·L - 1培养基, 20 ℃全黑暗培养效果最好。 相似文献
2.
Junfeng Wang Yujie Shi Yunna Ao Dafu Yu Jiao Wang Song Gao Johannes M. H. Knops Chunsheng Mu Zhijian Li 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2019,205(6):554-561
Extreme drought events can directly decrease productivity in perennial grasslands. However, for rhizomatous perennial grasses it remains unknown how drought events influence the belowground bud bank which determines future productivity. Ninety‐day‐long drought events imposed on Leymus chinensis, a rhizomatous perennial grass, caused a 41% decrease in the aboveground biomass and a 28% decrease in belowground biomass. Aboveground biomass decreased due to decrease in both the parent and the daughter shoot biomass. The decreases in daughter shoot biomass were due to reductions in both the shoot number and each individual shoot weight. Most importantly, drought decreased the bud bank density by 56%. In addition, drought induced a bud allocation change that decreased by 41% the proportion of buds that developed into shoots and a 41% increase in the buds that developed into rhizomes. Above results were supported by our field experiment with watering treatments. Thus, a 90‐day‐long summer drought event decreases not only current productivity but also future productivity, because the drought reduces the absolute bud number. However, plasticity in plant development does partly compensate for this reduction in bud number by increasing bud development into rhizomes, which increases the relative allocation of buds into future shoots, at the cost of a decrease in current shoots. 相似文献
3.
Because of the role of the meristem in plant growth and reproduction, somatic mutations in plants have long been suspected of conferring herbivore and pathogen resistance on individual plants and, in the case of trees, individual branches within single plants. A few instances of resistance to phytophagous insects owing to somatic mutations have been reported in the literature. More recently, a striking example has demonstrated how somatic mutations confer resistance to an herbicide on an invasive plant, Hydrilla verticillata. The array of new methods for manipulating genomes (e.g., gene‐editing) plus existing examples of somatic mutation‐associated resistance suggest that such mutations might be useful in silviculture, agriculture, and horticulture. Answering several general questions about somatic mutations in plants would facilitate such applications: Why are so few examples reported? Do other cases exist but go undetected for want of adequate attention or methods? Under what circumstances do somatic mutations enter gametophytes? © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
4.
重要观赏植物花发育的分子机理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
花是观赏植物重要的经济器官,控制花发育的基因包括花序分生组织特性基因、花分生组织特性基因、花器官特性(同源异型)基因等。全面回顾了观赏植物花发育基因调控的分子机理,重点介绍了花器官发育的ABCDE模型和四因子模型,以及月季、百合等重要观赏植物的花器官特性基因。从基因资源和观赏性状等方面,提出了观赏植物花期花型分子育种的策略,为进一步探索观赏植物花发育的分子机理,定向控制观赏植物的花期花型奠定了基础。 相似文献
5.
Josef Patzak 《Euphytica》2003,131(3):343-350
In vitro meristem tissue cultures are used for production of virus-free rootstocks of hop (Humulus lupulus L.). Because use of plant tissue cultures is associated with occurrence of somaclonal variability, we assessed somaclonal variability in hop meristem in vitro cultures before and after thermotherapy by different molecular methods (RFLP, RAPD, STS, ISSR and AFLP) and compared it with existing clonal variability of Osvald's clones 31, 72 and 114. No molecular differences were observed between mother plants and in vitro mericlones by RFLP and STS analyses. Amplified molecular differences were found in RAPD and ISSR products of one from five in vitromericlones cvs. Eroica (E5) and Southern Brewer (SB2), respectively. Similarities with mother plants were 0.965 and 0.913 (JSC), respectively. Specific amplified polymorphic products were found for every mericlone and mother plant in AFLP reactions and variability of DNA sequence ranged from 0.824 to 0.993 (JSC). This variability was very similar to determined intra-clonal variability within Osvald's clones 31, 72 and 114 by AFLP analysis. Inter-clonal variability of DNA sequence was exactly higher than intra-clonal variability of DNA sequence in these clones. The molecular differences between Osvald's clone 72 normal and meristem derived were not verifiable. Thermotherapy increased frequency of molecular changes, since amplified differences were found in 14 from 20 in vitro mericlones of cv. Eroica, in 6 from 11 in vitro mericlones of cv. Yeoman and in 15 from 23 in vitro mericlones of cv. Southern Brewer by RAPD and ISSR analyses. 相似文献
6.
The cytological status of plantlets regenerated from shoot apical meristems of Pisum sativum was investigated. Chromosome counts in root apices of in vitro regenerated plants showed a preponderance of diploid cells. Moreover, the karyotypes of root-tips from plants derived from culture and from normal plants were basically the same. Topics such as the treatment of chromosomal armlength data, simple statistical comparison of samples derived from normal and regenerated plants are discussed. 相似文献
7.
8.
以竹姜根茎的茎尖和腋芽为外植体,对其分生组织进行分化诱导和试管繁殖及其寄栽苗生长发育的研究,建立了组培快繁技术体系。结果如下:MS培养基附加BA1、0mg/L NAA1.0mg/L对茎尖和腋芽分生组织的离体培养,出芽率分别可达57.1%和75.0%;试管苗增殖以Ms培养基附加BA2.0mg/L NAA1.0mg/L为宜,增殖苗粗壮,1个月增殖3.5倍。在1/2Ms NAA0、2mg/L的壮苗培养基中,培养15d根长平均可达15.1mm,根颈粗1.3mm,寄栽时以NAA10mg/L IBA10mg/L的混合生根液处理,成活率93.3%。 相似文献
9.
马铃薯脱毒快繁抗菌污染的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别加入10、20和50 mg/L的氨苄青霉素、硫酸链霉素、克林霉素及利用3种抗生素(20 mg/L)分别和病毒唑(10 mg/L)的配合使用,研究抗生素及抗生素浓度在马铃薯茎尖剥离及快繁过程中的综合影响。实验结果表明在茎尖剥离阶段,50 mg/L的链霉素对细菌的抗性最好;抗生素的不同浓度对霉菌抗性的效果不同,抗生素种类和浓度的互作对霉菌具有抗性效应,以使用10mg/L的链霉素对霉菌的抗性最好,链霉素 病毒唑组合在茎尖剥离时期对霉菌和细菌的抗性最好;在快繁阶段,以使用20 mg/L克林霉素对霉菌和细菌的抗性最好,但抗生素及抗生素 病毒唑的配比措施对组培苗的生根数、黄化率、生根率均有负效应,所以在马铃薯组培快繁阶段的污染控制主要靠控制环境和操作规程来达到。 相似文献
10.
By using the leaves with attached intercalary meristems from greenhouse grown stock plants, five cultivars of Cryptanthus were cultured on modified MS media with 4.5 μM NAA and IBA and 3 μM BA to induce adventitious shoot formation from callus tissue. Contamination was 17–21% for explants taken from stock plants which were sprayed weekly with Agribrom and 27–75% for those taken from stock plants which were not treated. More than 99% true to type plantlets were obtained from non-chimeric plants. Green and albino plantlets were obtained from chimeric plants. The chimeric C. ‘Coster's Favorite’ DeCoster also produced a few chimeric plantlets with intermarginal pink stripes in addition to the green and albino plantlets. Most of the non-chimeric plants took a shorter time to produce plantlets of transplantable size (8–12 mm) than the chimeric ones. Except for albino plantlets, survival rate of plantlets exceeded 95%. A minimum average of 500 rooted plantlets can be obtained in a year from a single well-callused leaf explant. The protocol in this report should speed up the mass production and introduction of desirable new cultivars and hybrids of non-chimeric Cryptanthus. 相似文献