建设新农村的重要举措:加强村级班子建设,努力推进依法治村

认真解决好依法治村问题,是建设新农村的重要举措。本文试从加强村级班子建设的角度,探讨新农村建设,推进依法治村的一些问题。     

不同树型对杨梅生长及果实品质的影响

以8年生‘东魁’杨梅为试材,调查了不同树形对杨梅生长结果和果实品质的影响。结果表明,不同树形能够使树高降低约50%,并能使果实成熟期提前1d以上。果实色差方面,开心形和圆头形在果实的明度L*、色调角h?和蓝绿值b*显著低于其他处理。在果实营养指标上,开心形和圆头形得到果实的可溶性固形物和固酸比显著高于其他处理。所有处理中,开心形得到杨梅果实的可滴定酸含量最低,而总多酚、总黄酮、总糖和Vc含量显最高,表明开心形树形有利于杨梅果实多种营养指标的提高。     

根域限制栽培对主干形‘圆梦’桃生长和果实品质的影响

根域限制栽培具有控制树冠、促进果树成花的优点,适宜在主干形整枝的密植果园中应用,但不同品种桃表现不同。‘圆梦’桃是由‘湖景蜜露’和‘白丽’杂交而来的中晚熟新品种,为明确‘圆梦’用作南方密植品种的适用性,以浙江省桃主栽品种‘湖景蜜露’为对照品种,对其营养生长、成花量和果实品质进行了研究,结果表明根域限制栽培的‘圆梦’树体营养生长和枝条成花量与‘湖景蜜露’基本一致,且果型大小、糖度、色泽更优。     

密植桃园的主干形修剪栽培试验

连续五年密植桃园的主干形修剪试验表明：主干形修剪技术用于密植栽培桃树早结果早丰产效果显著。‘春花’成苗定植后第二年产量达1300kg·666．7m-2,第三年为1500kg·666．7m-2,第四年为2250kg·666,7m-2,第五年为1750kg·666．7m-2;‘湖景蜜露’定植后第二年和第三年产量为1021kg·666．7m-2和1019kg·666．7m-2;‘锦绣’定植后第二年产量为120km·666．7m-2,第三年为1204km·666．7m-2,第四年为1876km·666．7m-2;‘沪463’定植后第三年产量为47．5kg·666．7m-2,第四年为2125kg·666．7m-2。主干形修剪夏季摘心可促进早期副梢的萌发,利用副梢坐果,均衡树势。主干形修剪对桃果实的品质有一定的影响,使果实相对变小,单果重减轻,要注意疏花疏果,加强肥水管理。     

浅议科学学派中领袖的作用与学派风格

科学学派是19世纪大学里普遍开展科学研究并建立起现代实验室后出现的一种科学组织形式。以科学史上著名的布鲁塞尔学派和哥本哈根学派为例,借助科学社会学的研究方法,分析这两个学派的学派领袖所具有的独特学术魅力和素养,并对在此基础上形成的学派风格和开创的学派领域加以考察,进而揭示科学学派领袖的个人作用与学派风格之间的密切关系,并对我国科学学派的培育提出一定建议。     

培育笋竹加工龙头企业 促进竹业产业快速发展

调查了建瓯市10家年产值上千万元的笋竹加工企业的生产现状和存在问题,提出发展对策。     

Mechanical comparison of materials used for extra-capsular stabilisation of the stifle joint in dogs

Objective The mechanical properties of three materials (No. 2 polypropylene, No. 5 polybutilate-coated multifilament polyester and 18, 27 and 36 kg test monofilament nylon leader material) commonly used for extra-capsular stabilisation of the stifle in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency were determined. The ability of No. 5 polybutilate-coated multifilament polyester and 36 kg test monofilament nylon leader material, when placed as extra-capsular sutures, to mitigate cranial drawer was evaluated in hindlimbs of cadavers. Design An in vitro mechanical study. Animals Seven pairs of hindlimbs harvested from adult greyhound dogs recently euthanased for other reasons. Procedure Samples of each material, including samples of 27 kg test leader material that had been sterilised by one of three methods (ethylene oxide, one or five cycles in an autoclave), were loaded to determine tensile and stress relaxation properties. The effect of cyclic loading on a No. 5 polybutilate-coated multifilament polyester and 36 kg test leader material was also determined. Using the harvested hindlimbs, cranial drawer was measured before and after transection of the cranial cruciate ligament and on the first and twelfth cycle following extra-capsular stabilisation with either No. 5 polybu-tilate-coated multifilament suture or 36 kg test leader material. Results Leader material was found to have the most suitable mechanical characteristics for use as extracapsular stabilisation of the cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle. Of the sterilisation methods, ethylene oxide was found to have the least detrimental effects on the handling and material characteristics of the leader material. Stifles stabilised with 36 kg test leader material had significantly less drawer than those stabilised with No. 5 polybutilate-coated multifilament polyester suture. Clinical implications Monofilament nylon leader material would appear to have suitable mechanical properties for extra-capsular stabilisation of the cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle. If possible the material should be sterilised using ethylene oxide.     

论高校社科学报特色栏目的策划与建设

分析了高校社科学报目前存在的诸多问题:一是数量多,刊名相似;二是特色趋同,影响小;三是办刊模式陈旧,市场意识缺乏。认为高校社科学报在市场竞争中生存下去的手段是开办特色栏目,并指出设置特色栏目的方法:找准特色,开发作者群,选择好学术带头人。     

试论高校重点学科的学术队伍建设

通过对浙江农业大学国家级重点学科、博士点学科的教学、科研成绩和学科的学术队伍建设中存在问题的分析,认为要抓好重点学科建设,应着重抓好学科的学术队伍建设,特别是抓好学术带头人的选拔和培养工作。提出了学术带头人的条件及其选拔培养的措施,以及学术队伍如何充分利用和发挥高校综合学科的优势、搞好群体优化组合、集中优势力量攻关的对策。     

Genetic control and age‐related changes of juvenile growth characters in Picea abies

In full‐sib families of Picea abies (L.) Karst. (Norway spruce) the dynamics of juvenile growth and the inheritance of the most important growth characters were analysed in six growth periods in climate chambers followed by two additional growing seasons in a nursery. The full‐sib families were of French and North Swedish origin including both within and between provenance crosses. All growth rhythm characters changed over time. For instance, number of days to budbreak increased, whereas days to budset decreased, as growth periods advanced. Concurrent with the changes in growth rhythm, free growth decreased with increasing age. Half of the total variation for different growth rhythm characters within a growth period could in most cases be explained by provenance effects. Early selection is, therefore, meaningful to reduce damage by frost and mortality. Furthermore, the actual distances between family means decreased substantially with increasing age, and the actual length of the shoot elongation period decreased from 31 days during the second growth period to 16 days during the sixth. We suggest therefore that selection together with some treatment in the nursery that alters the growth rhythm of the seedlings are the best ways to increase frost resistance. Tree height was influenced by a set of complex gene actions that changed over time. Provenance effects were important during the first two growth periods. Subsequently, non‐accumulative within provenance family variance took over. If this pattern holds true in general, juvenile selection for height growth in Norway spruce cannot be made as early as that for growth rhythm.