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为更加科学地开展小麦理论研究和提高育种成效,对‘鲁麦14’的构思设计与创制思路、突出特点和以‘鲁麦14’为亲本选育出的品种进行了系统分析。从2001年到2018年,中国科学院、中国农科院、中国农业大学和山东、江苏、河北、安徽、河南、山西、陕西、新疆、贵州、天津9省1市的89家科研单位和育种企业,以‘鲁麦14’为亲本直接育成品种39个、间接育成品种92个,这些品种通过9省2市166次审(认)定和36次国家审定。‘鲁麦14’作为新一代骨干亲本,为全国的小麦生产和育种工作做出了突出贡献。 相似文献
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以种子贮藏蛋白多样性辅助筛选苜蓿育种亲本的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对田间表现较好的42份苜蓿种质材料(品种)进行了种子贮藏蛋白水平的遗传多样性分析,并以此为辅助依据筛选到特异苜蓿育种材料2份,可在苜蓿综合品种培育研究中作为优选亲本利用,为我国苜蓿种质资源的收集、保存、亲缘关系分析以及苜蓿品种鉴定等提供了重要依据. 相似文献
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为了培育新奇花色、抗黑斑病的新优品种,对抗逆性强的蔷薇属其他植物与观赏性状优良的月季品种进行了远缘杂交及月季品种间杂交,同时结合花粉生活力、母本自然授粉结实情况,探究蔷薇属其他种或品种与月季品种间的杂交亲和性,筛选合适的杂交亲本。结果表明:在以白玉堂、单瓣黄刺玫、报春刺玫、玫瑰为父本与9个现代月季品种为母本的20个远缘杂交组合中,杂交亲和性较高的组合有‘雪山娇霞’×报春刺玫、‘雪山娇霞’×单瓣黄刺玫、‘橘红潮’×玫瑰、‘花房’×白玉堂,结实率在10.91%~37.5%。结合远缘杂交、品种间杂交以及母本自然授粉结实情况的调查,筛选出适合做母本的月季品种有‘绯扇’、‘电子表’、‘曼哈姆’、‘花房’、‘红帽子’‘橘红潮’和‘雪山娇霞’;结合远缘杂交、品种间杂交以及花粉生活力测定的结果,筛选出适合做父本的月季品种有‘电子表’、‘红法兰西’和‘绯扇’。 相似文献
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杂交稻亲本枝梗和颖花分化与退化对播期反应的基因型差异与类型 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
采用分期播种试验方法,对23个杂交水稻亲本不同播期下稻穗枝梗和颖花分化、退化及其形成指标的基因型差异及其类型进行了研究,结果表明:相同播期下,稻穗枝梗和颖花分化、退化及其形成的全部12个指标均存在极显著的基因型间差异,且这些指标的差异仅与特定的基因型有关;23个基因型综合平均值不同播期间颖花分化数、一次枝梗退化数、二次枝梗退化数、一次枝梗退化率、二次枝梗退化率、一次枝梗形成数、二次枝梗形成数和单穗颖花总形成数等指标存在显著差异,其变幅分别为215.48~235.75、0.57~0.96、10.90~15.33、3.96%~6.47%、19.79%~27.23%、12.32~12.93、41.01~44.94、204.20~225.13;一次枝梗分化数、二次枝梗分化数、颖花退化数、颖花退化率等指标未检测出显著差异;相对于一次枝梗和颖花的退化而言,二次枝梗退化存在更为显著的基因型和播期差异,23个基因型二次枝梗退化数平均值变幅为5.33~23.78,极差为0.33~15.33;根据二次枝梗退化数和单穗颖花总形成数不同播期下的平均值、极差和变异系数,可初步将23个基因型对播期的反应划分为极敏感型、敏感型和钝感型。 相似文献
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利用形态学和组织连续切片技术,对杂交鲇及亲本怀头鲇和鲇胚后生长及卵黄的吸引方式进行比较。结果表明:(1)在相同条件下上述鲇鱼生长速度有明显不同,其中,怀头鲇的生长速度较鲇鱼快,而杂交鲇介于二者之间;(2)仔鱼对卵黄的日净消耗量最大值出现在出膜后第1天,体长最大增长率出现在出膜后的第2天;(3)仔鱼出膜后第3天,卵黄全部吸引;(4)卵黄囊依照先卵黄球、后脂肪的顺序被吸收,三种鲇鱼卵黄吸收方式有所不同。其中,怀头鲇和杂交鲇卵黄吸收是由内向外,而鲇采用的是由外向内的吸收方式。 相似文献
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Personal and family backgrounds of first-year veterinary science students at The University of Queensland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
TJ HEATH 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(12):902-905
Objective To provide information on changes in the social and educational backgrounds of veterinary students over a 10 year period in an effort to determine the extent to which they are representative of the community.
Methods Questionnaires were completed by first-year veterinary students at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986 (152 students), and 1995 and 1996 (154), and the data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results The gender ratio of first-year veterinary students was 50:50 (male:female) in 1985 and 1986 but 10 years later it had changed to 38:62. In 1985 and 1986 77% had come directly from school, with 43% of the total coming from government schools, 17% from Catholic schools and 34% from other private (Independent) schools. A decade later the percentage coming directly from school had decreased to 40%, that from Independent schools increased to 45% and that from cities increased from 53% to 64%. The educational backgrounds of parents varied widely though a high percentage had university degrees; mothers had received less formal education than fathers, and the educational attainments of both parents were higher at the beginning than at the end of the study. More than half (57% initially; 67% 10 years later) the fathers were in professional or managerial occupations, and a similar number (50% initially; 48% 10 years later) of mothers were teachers, nurses or clerks. The number of males from country areas decreased from 26 to 16 over this period.
Conclusion These veterinary students differed from the community generally in that progressively more were female, more were from Independent schools, their parents had more formal education and more of their parents were in professional, managerial or clerical occupations. 相似文献
Methods Questionnaires were completed by first-year veterinary students at The University of Queensland in 1985 and 1986 (152 students), and 1995 and 1996 (154), and the data were analysed using the SAS System for Windows.
Results The gender ratio of first-year veterinary students was 50:50 (male:female) in 1985 and 1986 but 10 years later it had changed to 38:62. In 1985 and 1986 77% had come directly from school, with 43% of the total coming from government schools, 17% from Catholic schools and 34% from other private (Independent) schools. A decade later the percentage coming directly from school had decreased to 40%, that from Independent schools increased to 45% and that from cities increased from 53% to 64%. The educational backgrounds of parents varied widely though a high percentage had university degrees; mothers had received less formal education than fathers, and the educational attainments of both parents were higher at the beginning than at the end of the study. More than half (57% initially; 67% 10 years later) the fathers were in professional or managerial occupations, and a similar number (50% initially; 48% 10 years later) of mothers were teachers, nurses or clerks. The number of males from country areas decreased from 26 to 16 over this period.
Conclusion These veterinary students differed from the community generally in that progressively more were female, more were from Independent schools, their parents had more formal education and more of their parents were in professional, managerial or clerical occupations. 相似文献
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【目的】提高甘蓝型油菜产量及品质性状优势组合的选配效率,为西藏油菜现有资源的杂种优
势利用提供依据。【方法】以 13 份甘蓝型油菜自交系作亲本,按照不完全双列杂交设计组配 40 份杂交组合,
以油菜 3 个品质性状和单株产量为研究对象,分析各亲本的配合力和各性状的遗传力。【结果】在一般配合
力上,5 个父本按优劣顺序依次为希望 759>湘油 420= 京华 165>育苗 10>大地 95,8 个母本按优劣顺序依次为
04306-2>127025-3=158106-2=158112-3>08014-2>68-3= 年河 18>06034-3。单株产量特殊配合力最好的组合是
京华 165×年河 18(达 28.8798),组合京华 165×年河 18、湘油 420×158112-3 具有高产、优质的潜力;育苗
10×68-3、育苗 10×127025-3、湘油 420×06034-3 特殊配合力分别为 28.8316、25.3975、22.4819,具有产量优势。
广义遗传力以油酸含量最高、达 96.93%,单株产量最低、仅 56.09%。【结论】两个油菜骨干亲本希望 759、
04306-2 的一般配合力效应值排名最优,在油菜杂交组合的选配上可重点利用,其中含油量、蛋白质含量、油酸
含量 3 个品质性状可进行早期选择,而单株产量性状不宜早期选择。 相似文献