旱地生态学问题弱解对初值的连续依赖性

随着工业化的发展,人们越来越注重生态环境保护问题.利用能量方法,采用Sobolev不等式研究了旱地生态学问题,得到了旱地生态学问题非负弱解对初值的连续依赖性.     

常利率通货膨胀下有扰动的双复合Poisson-Geometric过程的两险种风险模型

考虑常利率及通货膨胀下有扰动的双复合Poisson-Geometric过程的两险种风险模型,运用鞅方法得到破产概率满足的Lundberg不等式和一般公式,当保费和索赔服从指数分布和混合指数分布时,得到破产概率的精确表达式。     

河南农户家庭收入水平差异分析

采用相对收入和绝对收入分析法对河南农户家庭收入差异进行了分析．结果表明,按“五分法”计算,家庭总体纯收入水平的不良指数为9,17;劳均纯收入的不良指数为6．83;人均纯收入的不良指数为6．35;按“十分法”计算,家庭总体纯收入水平的收入不良指数为19．9;劳均纯收入的收入不良指数为12．5;人均纯收入的不良指数为10.49,不同人力资本特征农户家庭收入水平差异明显,人力资本存量高的农户,家庭收入水平也高。     

Evidence of sedimentation inequality along riparian areas colonised by Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam)

Soil loss from riparian areas supporting the annual invasive weed, Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam), was measured and compared with equivalent values recorded at nearby, topographically similar areas supporting perennial vegetation over a cumulative seven-year period, along sections of two separate river systems; one in Switzerland, and one in the UK. Soil loss from colonised locations was significantly greater than from reference locations in four of the seven measurement periods. Despite contrasting results, standard deviations, based on soil losses and gains, were predominantly higher for colonised areas at both rivers over most monitoring periods. These findings indicated that areas colonised by Himalayan balsam experience higher sediment flux in comparison with areas free of invasion. Here, we test those original interpretations by reinterrogating the datasets using a more robust analysis of inequality. Nine datasets were tested, five of which (i.e. 56%) showed that sediment flux was significantly greater at Himalayan balsam-invaded areas than at reference areas. Three datasets showed no difference in sediment flux between invaded and reference areas (33%), and one (11%) showed higher sediment flux at reference areas. Most results uphold our original interpretations and support our hypothesis that hydrochory probably dictates where colonisation initially occurs, by depositing Himalayan balsam seeds in slack or depressional areas along river margins. Once Himalayan balsam becomes established and sufficient perennial vegetation is displaced, seasonal die-off and depleted vegetation cover may increase the risk that some areas will experience significantly higher sediment flux.     

土地确权对农户地权稳定性感知的影响——基于村庄内土地不平等视角的分析

稳定的农地产权能够激励农户农地投资,有助于促进农地资源可持续利用和农业可持续发展。土地确权是稳定农地产权的重要正式制度安排,即稳定地权是新一轮土地确权承载的重要功能。基于诱致性制度变迁理论和社会心理学理论,以黄土高原苹果优势区为研究对象,利用实地调研数据,采用Logit和Ologit模型,从村庄内家庭土地不平等视角分析土地确权对农户地权稳定性感知的影响及其作用机制,探讨新一轮农地确权的地权稳定效应。结果表明,在研究区域,33.79%的农户已完成新一轮土地确权颁证,62.64%的农户认为研究地块在未来不会被重新调整,即感知的地权稳定性水平较高。新一轮土地确权显著强化了农户的地权稳定性感知,且在控制村庄内土地不平等的情境中具有更高的强化效果;村庄内家庭土地不平等对农户地权稳定性感知具有显著的弱化效应,且土地不平等在土地确权对农户地权稳定性感知的影响中具有负向调节作用。因此,在"三权分置"产权制度改革中,政府应重视规范土地确权程序,加强产权制度改革宣传和信息披露,同时,注重以政策调整和市场配置相结合的方式,降低土地不平等造成的负面影响,强化土地产权制度改革的政策效果。     

H-KKM映像及其抽象拟凸(凹)性

对一组H-KKM映象的情形推广了KKM定理,并讨论了取值于Riesz空间的映像的各种抽象凸（凹）概念与H-KKM映像、广义H-KKM映像的关系,还用所得结果对极大极小不等式及鞍点问题进行了研究.     

多元线性回归中控制问题求解方法的探讨

从标准线性回归方程出发,首先确定标准化因变量回归值的控制区间,然后找出一个ｍ元一次不完全方程的解集合,根据回归方程的特定意义,在该解集合中求得满足标准回归方程控制问题的子集合,最后应用标准回归方程与一般回归方程的关系,求出一般线性回归控制问题解的子集合及计算公式,经实例验证符合要求。     

函数y=e~x的一特性及其应用

本文就函数y＝ex的一特性进行了讨论，同时利用此性质解决了数学分析中的几个具体问题．     

巴拿赫空间中广义向量F的隐互补类问题

在一些恰当的假设条件下,利用Fan-KKM定理研究了巴拿赫空间中一类新的广义向量F的隐互补类问题及与其相关的一类广义向量F的隐变分类不等式问题,证明了在巴拿赫空间中这两类问题在一定条件下的等价性,利用这一等价性也证明了解的存在性定理.     

Testing Taylor's Power Law association of maize interplant variation with mean grain yield

Plant-to-plant variability is a crop stability component. The objective of this study in maize (Zea mays L.) was to test the validity of the theoretical background of the hypothesis that the coefficient of variation (CV) for grain yield per plant and mean yield are connected exponentially, following the Taylor's Power Law (TPL) Model. Field experimentation was conducted across two sites, two seasons, and two planting densities. Densities were the main plots, corresponding to the typical practice of 8.89 plants m^–2 (TCD) and the low-input optimal of 5.33 plants m^–2 (LCD), while hybrids were the subplots. Data from 26 subplots in the first site averaged CV values of 22.6% at the TCD and 21.9% at the LCD, and mean yields of 19.1 and 13.9 t ha^–1, respectively, following the TPL Model. The same was true for the second site, with average CVs and means of 41.5% and 14.3 t ha^–1 at the TCD and 36.8% and 11.5 t ha^–1 at the LCD. A test was performed on the simple correlation between the logarithms of variances and their respective means to investigate whether there is a systematic variance dependence on mean, thus questioning the reliability of TPL. The validity of TPL was verified in the first site. Nevertheless, there was a systematic dependence of yield variance on mean yield in the second site, implying that the CV-yield correlation might be not biologically meaningful. Conversion of the variance to remove its dependence on the mean did not validate the CV-yield negative relationship, meaning that caution is needed when interpreting the CV as a stability index for intra-crop variation. Whether the determinant factor of invalidity of TPL was the extensive intra-crop variation in the lower yielding second site can be assessed in future research.