Mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments for lettuce and carrot

Mid-storage hydration-dehydration treatments with medium-vigour lettuce seed very effectively reduced physiological deterioration in storage and ultimately showed better field emergence and final yield. Soaking-drying treatment of high-vigour lettuce seed was not effective. Pre-sowing treatment of medium-vigour lettuce seed, though less effective than mid-storage treatment, gave better field performance, but high-vigour seed did not benefit from the treatment. For carrot, both mid-storage and pre-sowing seed treatments proved beneficial, with the former showing better performance than the latter. Unlike lettuce, well-preserved carrot seed responded positively to the pre-sowing treatment.     

林木资源消耗量估测方法的初步研究

本文主要通过应用统计学的有关知识,提出适应南方集体林区木材市场开放新格局的一种估测林木资源消耗量的方法;并将这种方法在沙县进行了实地验证;分析了其可靠程度与经济意义。     

不同施氮量及栽培密度对烟叶质量的影响

设置了不同施氮量及栽培密度对烟叶质量的影响试验.结果表明:在一定范围内,随施氮量增加,烟株长势越好;随种植密度的增加,烟叶产值、产量越高.以施纯N6kg/667m2,移栽密度为110cm×56cm处理的初烤烟叶产值、产量、外观质量等效果最佳.     

依饶公路内业工作的自我评述

本文作者概述依饶公路内业工作的完成过程。     

春蚕一日一回育试养初探

2015年春 ,河南蚕业科学研究院进行了"豫花×湘明"蚕品种全龄一日一回育养蚕试验.结果显示 ,一日一回育龄期经过缩短2d,节约工时 ,节约桑叶 ,通过改进技术措施后产茧量和蚕茧质量能达到普通育基本水平.     

不同施用方式下保水剂浓度对作物成苗的影响

针对内蒙古干旱地区农业生产实际和保水剂在节水农业中的应用前景,对干旱条件下保水剂浓度对作物出苗和生长的影响进行了研究。通过盆栽试验,研究了保水剂不同施用方式下,浓度对萝卜、玉米和糜子的出苗率和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：施用保水剂可显著提高作物出苗率并改善幼苗生长状况,但其效果因施用方式不同,差异较大。对萝卜而言,5cm施用深度下,沟施时对应浓度在0．10％～0．50％范围内,出苗率比对照提高25．3～44．0个百分点,混施在浓度小于1．00％时,皆能提高出苗率,但提高幅度明显低于沟施;10cm施用深度下,混施时浓度在0．10％～0．50％范围内,出苗率比对照高30个百分点左右,而沟施则不明显。对于玉米和糜子,混施浓度低于0．30％时,玉米出苗率提高5～7倍,糜子出苗率提高2～4倍。从幼苗生长看,萝卜在试验最低浓度0．10％,玉米和糜子在0．10％～0．30％,各处理株高明显优于对照。总体上保水剂和土壤混施优于沟施,施用深度对作物成苗的影响在不同施用方式下不一致,这种差异与保水剂和土壤的相互作用有关。     

播期播量耦合对小麦越冬死苗的影响

采用D-饱和最优设计法对播期和播量耦合与小麦越冬死苗的关系进行了研究,结果表明:在10月25日播种、播量为8万基本苗/667 m2条件下,小麦的越冬死苗率最低;晚播和减少播量有利于降低越冬死苗率;播期对小麦越冬死苗率的影响大于播量。     

苦竹各器官主要营养元素分布及采伐的养分输出

本文根据四川长宁苦竹(Pleioblastus amarus)各器官生物量以及其主要营养元素含量和储量,研究了苦竹采伐的养分输出问题。结果表明:苦竹各器官中N、P、K、Si、Ca、Mg等6种营养元素以代谢旺盛的竹叶和竹鞭中含量最高;6种养分元素在各器官贮存量(单位:kg.hm-2)从大至小的排序为:叶(510.8)>竹根(230.62)>杆(182.14)>枝(163.77>竹鞭(59.19)>竹蔸(41.16)。苦竹采伐的养分年输出量(单位:kg.hm-2)从大至小的排序为:Si(50.23)>K(38.77)>N(35.58)>Mg(4.55)>P(3.86)>Ca(3.31)。对比该地区的降雨输入,苦竹林地养分以Si失衡最为严重;其次为K、N。若采伐时将竹叶带出竹林,6种元素的养分输出总量将增加1.48倍。可见,竹叶归还林地对维持地力具有极其重要的作用。     

Movement and Distribution of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) Adults Under Different Temperature Differences in Different Lengths of Horizontal Grain Columns

Understanding insect movement and distribution is critical for developing an effective insect pest management protocol. Movement and distribution of adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) in response to nominal temperature differences of 5, 10, 15, and 20°C in 1- and 2-m horizontal columns filled with 12.5% moisture content wheat were studied in 24, 48, and 72 h of movement times. In the wheat columns without temperature differences, adults had a diffusion distribution pattern caused by their random movement. Adults showed bias movement to the warmer grain in wheat columns with temperature differences and preferred the warmer grain regardless of the magnitude of temperature differences in less than 24 h. Their distribution did not have significant differences among different movement times in 1- or 2-m columns. About 40% of adults moved to the warmer wheat located at 0.4 to 0.5 m in the 1 m column but did not move to the warmer wheat located at 0.9 to 1 m in the 2-m column. Therefore, length of grain column influenced detection of warmer grain by insects. Adults under different temperatures had a similar response as that under linear temperature gradients.     

山西晋南小地老虎越冬代成虫发生量与环境因子的关系

为了解掌握山西晋南各地小地老虎越冬代成虫发生量与海拔、气温、降雨等环境因子的关系,2015年进行了不同环境条件下小地老虎越冬代成虫性诱剂诱虫试验。结果表明:低海拔地区的成虫比高海拔地区始见期早,且发生量大;成虫始见期温度为5~6℃,活动的高峰期温度为11~19℃,终末期温度为25~28℃,低于5℃或者高于28℃成虫基本不活动或零星活动;在成虫主要集中活动的11~19℃范围内,不同区域成虫活动与温度变化差异显著,温度高时活动明显加剧,温度低时活动减弱;成虫的发生量随降雨量增加呈递减规律;从降雨前1日到降雨当日再到雨后1日也整体呈递减规律,但中雨前后3日,发生规律有所不同,呈"V"字形趋势;其中,小雨(或阵雨)当日及前1日、中雨前1日的平均单日诱虫量均大于无雨日的诱虫量。