蔸龄对苎麻光周期钝感生理雌性系生长,成花及性别表现的效应

对光周期钝感生理雌性系ＮＧ１ １、２、３年生麻的观察结果表明：随蔸龄的增大，株高增加、叶片数增多；第１期花的雄花及总花序数也随之增加；二麻的总花序节数及雄花序节数大大高于头麻，不同年份的成花量及性别比有较大差异。蔸龄及温度对ＮＧ１的生长、成花及性型表现有重要作用。     

全雌黄瓜单性结实性遗传分析

 采用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对黄瓜强单性结实雌性系‘6401’ 与非单性结实自交系‘6429’、‘6426’杂交组合多世代群体的单性结实性进行联合分析,结果表明：全雌黄瓜单性结实性在不同遗传背景下遗传表现基本一致,单性结实性遗传均表现为不完全隐性基因遗传,符合E-1-1模型,受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制。两组合第1主基因显性效应、主基因显性×显性互作效应以及多基因效应较大。‘6401×6429’组合的B₁、B₂、F₂群体（主基因+多基因）遗传率分别为51.36%、72.31%和76.78%;‘6401×6426’组合的B₁、B₂、F₂群体（主基因+多基因）遗传率分别为20.50%、75.39%和74.58%。强单性结实全雌黄瓜品种选育以双亲均为强单性结实为宜。     

赤霉素对黄瓜雌性系的诱雄效果及诱导性状间的相关性研究

为明确赤霉素处理黄瓜雌性系的诱雄效果及诱导性状之间的相关关系,以黄瓜雌性系品种京研4号为材料,于不同时期喷施不同浓度的赤霉素进行诱雄处理。结果表明:在黄瓜2叶一心至3叶一心期喷施900 mg/kg赤霉素3次,处理的雄花数最多,效果最好;适当增加赤霉素浓度诱雄的效果要好于增加赤霉素喷施次数。相关性分析结果表明:雄花数与雌花数间存在较强的负相关关系,第一雄花节位(X1)、雌花数(X2)和第一雌花节位(X3)与雄花数(Y)之间的多元回归方程:Y=11.659+0.345X1-0.715X2+0.300 X3,相关系数为0.796。     

硝酸银和赤霉素处理对黄瓜雌性系诱雄效果的比较

研究了不同浓度硝酸银和赤霉素（GA）处理对水果黄瓜雌性系诱雄效果及植株生长的影响。结果表明,各浓度硝酸银和赤霉素处理均有一定的诱雄效果,浓度越高,20节内雄花数越多,诱雄效果越明显;同时,浓度越高,对黄瓜幼苗的伤害越大,黄瓜叶片ETR、Yield、qP均随各处理浓度的升高而降低,qN随处理浓度的升高而升高;高浓度硝酸银处理明显抑制黄瓜的株高、节间长度、叶面积等生长参数,而赤霉素处理黄瓜植株则出现明显的旺长现象,株高、节间长度明显增长,茎粗、单位叶面积鲜重明显减小。经赤霉素处理的黄瓜幼苗基部节位雄花较硝酸银处理少且小,试验中以浓度为250mg/kg的硝酸银和500mg/kg的赤霉素处理对黄瓜植株伤害较小且诱雄效果相对较好。     

用雌性系配制的甜瓜新品种‘寿研1号’及其指纹图谱

 厚皮甜瓜‘寿研1号’是以回交转育的雌性系‘白9298gy’为母本, 以‘玉9635’自交系 为父本配制的一代杂交种。中熟, 果实发育期33～36 d。果实高圆形, 单瓜质量115～210 kg, 果皮光滑洁白, 果肉细腻, 白色略带浅绿, 糖度16.5%左右。易坐果, 耐低温, 抗病性强, 适于保护地栽培。用8对引物构建了其重复概率为1 /291 600的SSR分子标记的指纹图谱。     

Genetics and molecular mapping of gynoecious (F) locus in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Gynoecious is an important economic trait of cucumber for determinant of earliness and yield, yet genetic mechanism is not well understood for this trait. The experiment was conducted using F₂ mapping population by crossing of PPC-2, a gynoecious and parthenocarpic line with Pusa Uday (monoecious and non-parthenocarpic cultivar). Out of 179 SSR markers screened, 39 markers differentiated the gynoecious and monoecious parents. However, only 17 markers were segregating with F₂ mapping population, those were used for genotyping and linkage map analysis and these markers were placed along with F locus on chromosome 6 covering a total distance of 100.4cM. The SSR markers, SSR13251 and UW020605 were found to be closely linked to gynoecious (F) locus at 1.0 and 4.5 cM, respectively. The segregation of F₂ population of PPC-2 × Pusa Uday and GPC-1 × Punjab Naveen and test crosses for sex type herein suggested that single dominant gene controlled the gynoecious sex expression in cucumber particularly in gynoecious genotypes PPC-2 and GPC-1. Therefore, the monogenic dominant nature of gynoecious sex identified in the present experiment and SSR markers closely linked to the F locus will be useful in marker-assisted backcross breeding for transfering gynoecious trait into horticulturally desirable varieties.     

全雌性单性结实黄瓜主要农艺性状的遗传相关和通径分析

利用全雌性单性结实黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.)的8个自交纯系，采用Griffing第II方案配制杂交组合，对其6个农艺性状进行相关和通径分析，相关分析表明，产量和单果重，瓜条数之间呈极显著正相关，和叶面积，株高间呈显著正相关，和茎节数不相关，通径分析表明：单果重和瓜条数对产量的直接作用较大，直接通径系数分别为0．699和0．587，株高和叶面积通过单果重对产量有间接作用，间接通径系数为0．371和0．426。     

Variation in seed yield components of buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima HBK.) grown as an annual

Summary Phenotypic variation for parameters of seed yield were examined in 57 buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima HBK.) plants cultivated as annuals. Among the 52 individuals which bore fruit, seed weight/plant was highly variable (cv=106%); the majority of plants exhibited seed yields below that of the mean (431 g/plant). Values of seed weight/plant were more highly influenced by fruit/plant (r=+0.81) than by seed weight/fruit (r=+0.19). Variation in fruit/plant % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiaacIcaceWG4b% GbaebacqGH9aqpcaaIYaGaaGimaiaaicdacaqGNbGaae4oaiaabcca% caqGJbGaaeODaiaabccacaqG9aGaaeiiaiaabodacaqG3aGaaeyjai% aabMcaaaa!454B!\[(\bar x = 56; cv = 115\% )\] was greater than that displayed for seed weight/fruit and their distribution was also highly skewed. High fruit yields were associated with the duration (in nodes) of the fruiting period (r=+0.64).Values for seed weight/fruit were also highly divergent % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGak0dh9WrFfpC0xh9vqqj-hEeeu0xXdbba9frFj0-OqFf% ea0dXdd9vqaq-JfrVkFHe9pgea0dXdar-Jb9hs0dXdbPYxe9vr0-vr% 0-vqpWqaaeaabiGaciaacaqabeaadaqaaqaaaOqaaiaacIcaceWG4b% GbaebacqGH9aqpcaaIYaGaaGimaiaaicdacaqGNbGaae4oaiaabcca% caqGJbGaaeODaiaabccacaqG9aGaaeiiaiaabodacaqG3aGaaeyjai% aabMcaaaa!454B!\[(\bar x = 200{\text{g; cv = 37\% )}}\], but considerably less variable than those for fruit/plant or seed weight/plant. A weak relationship existed between fruit/plant and seed weight/fruit (r=–0.28), suggesting the possibility of their simultaneous improvement through selection. Seed weight/fruit was positively associated with fruit size, seed/fruit and 100-seed weight; 4 carpellate fruit displayed significantly greater seed weight/fruit and seed/fruit than 3 carpellate fruit.Journal Paper No. 4219 of the University of Arizona Agric. Expt. Sta., Tucson, AZ 85721, U.S.A.     

栝蒌雌株快繁技术研究

以栝蒌雌株腋芽为材料,对其诱导培养、丛生苗增殖培养及生根培养等方面进行研究。结果表明:MS+6-BA 1.5 mg/L最适合诱导栝蒌茎段腋芽形成;MS+GA 0.5 mg/L+6-BA 1.5 mg/L为最佳继代增殖培养基;1/2MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L为最佳生根培养基。     

黄瓜新品种‘中农29号’

‘中农29号’黄瓜是以双雌性系151G和0559G为亲本配制而成的雌型黄瓜一代杂种。果实短筒形,瓜色亮绿一致,果面光滑,瓜长12～15cm,单瓜质量80～100g,口感脆甜;丰产,产量可达150t·hm-2以上;抗黑星病、枯萎病、白粉病和霜霉病等;耐低温弱光,适宜保护地栽培。