规模化畜牧养殖对生态环境的破坏及防治

近年,畜牧养殖业蓬勃发展,过去的区域化散养已经基本不存在,养殖结构逐渐向集约化、一体化、规模化过渡,养殖规模也逐渐增大。养殖副产品肉、蛋、奶等极大满足了人们的生产生活,养殖中产生的尿液、粪污对生态环境造成极大影响。为促进规模化养殖实现绿色健康发展,该文分析规模化畜牧养殖对生态环境的破坏及防治措施。     

湟源县草地资源基本特点及开发利用

湟源县草地面积有 85 1 85 .1 3hm2 ,占全县土地总面积的 5 6.45 % ,草地资源丰富 ,牧草种类较多 ,农业生产秸秆来源广泛 ,但由于利用不当 ,造成了草地严重破坏和秸秆的浪费 ,如何合理利用草地和秸秆资源 ,扼制草地退化 ,是促进该县畜牧业发展的重要因素     

落叶松人工林林分径级结构的研究

本文描述了落叶松人工林抚育后径级结构特征。试验表明，抚育后的林分在一定密度条件下，其密度遵从Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布，并能保持相当长的时间不变；其密度较大，Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ参数值在２～３间变动，ｂ值在６～８间变动；稀疏时不能用Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布模拟。     

柑橘园产量等级界定模式的建立

由专家群体对不同品种、种植密度、树龄、产量进行柑橘园产量等级经验评估,应用回归方法筛选出柑橘园产量等级的统一量化模式,为相关应用研究提供可比参考指标.     

四川省退耕还林模式初探

根据自然地理分异规律、社会经济技术原理、生态学原理,分析了四川省的水土流失概况,提出了川中丘陵、盆周山地区、川西南干热干旱河谷区、川西北高山高原区的退耕还林模式。     

落桦混交林幼龄期Ⅰ级木分布规律研究

利用３６块落叶松一样树混交林标准地调查资料，研究其幼龄期林分Ⅰ级木单位面积株数与林分密度之间的关系，结果表明：Ⅰ级木的株数并非随密度的增加而直线递增，而是趋向“二阶常数”分布，且在同一年龄阶段，在较低的密度范围（２３２５～４８００株／ｈｍ２）或较高的密度范围（４８０１～６７５０株／ｈｍ２）．Ⅰ级木的株数变动幅度不太大。     

甘薯新品种综合评价初探

对福建省新育成甘薯品种应用灰色加权关联度分析法进行综合评估，旨在鉴定新品种在丘陵旱地的适应性以及探讨出一种比较适宜的品种评估方法。结果表明，龙薯1号、莆薯41和泉薯647比较适应东南沿海丘陵旱地生产条件，评估结果与品种的实际表现比较一致。     

Genetic Engineering Approaches to Pig Production*

Modern biotechnology promises a number of new applications in animal breeding and production. Although conventional pig breeding has achieved a high level of efficiency and productivity numerous problems have been encountered with animal health and the loss of meat quality. Selection based on phenotypic performance data of individual animals does not take into account the importance of specific genes and their relevance within a complex regulatory system. In most cases it is therefore difficult to trace back the genetic origins of clinically important disorders. The application of genetic engineering techniques in pig production will facilitate diagnosis, improvement of productivity, and animal health by allowing direct genetic manipulation. Attention must be focussed on the physical and genetic analysis of the procine genome. The isolation and characterisation of genes, DNA-markers, polymorphic DNA-fragments, and their chromosomal assignment will be important prerequisites and tools for the elucidation of genetic disorders. Especially the detection of heterozygous carriers of recessive disorders and their elimination from the breeding stock will increase selection accuracy and decrease the generation intervals. But also the rapid and simple detection of infectious diseases, which is sometimes difficult if not impossible at present, will improve animal health and welfare. Although the production of transgenic animals either by DNA-microinjection into zygotes or the use of embryonal stem cells manipulated in vitro is less straightforward than DNA-based diagnosis it will play an important role in the direct manipulation of the porcine genome and genes. Breeding programmes including the use of transgenic livestock have already been developed. There is no doubt that genetic engineering has reached a degree of practical feasibility, allowing it to play an important role in pig breeding in particular and animal production in general.     

湖北省分地区水灾损失等级划分初探

建立了湖北省分地区水灾损失灾度等级的划分标准。基于模糊模式识别理论，按最大隶属原则和择近原则对灾度等级进行了模糊综合评判。     

提高农用潜水电泵修复可靠性的方法

对以QY系列为主体的农用潜水电泵修复可靠性低、寿命短的问题，提出了改进措施，从而有效提高潜水电泵修复可靠性，并延长使用寿命。