弓形虫P30基因及其功能

弓形虫 P30基因所编码的蛋白为弓形虫主要表面抗原 SAG1 ,其约占速殖子总蛋白量的 5 %,SAG1对虫体侵入宿主细胞及其毒力具重要性 ,并有高度免疫原性和免疫保护性 ,被用于弓形虫疫苗的研制和弓形虫感染的分子诊断     

Pathologic and immunohistochemical findings in an outbreak of systemic toxoplasmosis in a mob of red kangaroos

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan pathogen that infects many endothermic vertebrates, including humans; the domestic cat and other felids serve as the definitive host. Macropodids are considered highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis. Here, we describe the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical findings of an outbreak of systemic toxoplasmosis in a mob of 11 red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), with high morbidity (73%) and mortality (100%) rates. Affected animals had either severe and rapidly deteriorating clinical conditions or sudden death, which was correlated with widespread necrotizing lesions in multiple organs and intralesional T. gondii organisms identified via MIC3-specific immunohistochemistry and confirmed by REP529-specific rtPCR. Quantification of parasites demonstrated the highest parasite density in pulmonary parenchyma compared with other tissues. Our study highlights the continued importance of this severe condition in Australian marsupials.     

孕妇弓形虫病防治研究进展

弓形虫病是一种世界性分布的人兽共患寄生虫病,在人和动物中广泛传播。孕妇感染弓形虫后多表现为隐性感染,无明显的临床表现,但该虫可通过垂直传播影响胎儿发育,造成早产、流产、畸形和死胎等不良妊娠现象。论文对弓形虫病流行病学、感染因素、免疫学、诊断和治疗等方面阐述弓形虫感染对孕妇的影响,为孕妇弓形虫病的防治提供参考。     

Risk factors associated with sero-positivity to Toxoplasma gondii in captive neotropical felids from Brazil

From September 1995 to February 2001, blood samples were collected from 865 neotropical felids belonging to 8 different species. These animals were housed in 86 institutions located in 78 cities of 20 Brazilian states. Our goal was to identify the risk factors associated with sero-positivity to Toxoplasma gondii in captive neotropical felids from Brazil. All serum samples were tested by the modified agglutination test (MAT), using formalin-fixed whole tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol. For each animal an individual questionnaire was filled with questions about tattoo number, felid species, age, sex, origin, number of animals in the group, introduction of new animals in the group, time in the institution, eating meat previously frozen for a period <7 days in the last 6 months, eating meat of run-over or euthanized animals in the last 6 months, predation of rodents or birds in the last 6 months and presence of domestic cats near the enclosures in the last 6 months. The total sero-prevalence was 55% (95% CI: 52%, 57%). We estimated a prevalence of 46% (95% CI: 40%, 54%) for jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi); 58% (95% CI: 53%, 63%) for ocelot (Leopardus pardalis); 50% (95% CI: 45%, 56%) for oncilla (L. tigrinus); 54% (95% CI: 46%, 62%) for margay (L. wiedii); 12% (95% CI: 4%, 31%) for Pampas-cat (L. colocolo); 83% (95% CI: 65%, 93%) for Geoffroy's-cat (L. geoffroyi); 64% (95% CI: 50%, 68%) for jaguar (Panthera onca) and 48% (95% CI: 42%, 54%) for puma (Puma concolor). Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between the variables in the questionnaire and sero-positivity to T. gondii. We concluded that the independent risk factors for toxoplasmosis were: age >3 years (OR = 4.75 [2.75; 8.2]), eating meat previously frozen for a period <7 days (OR = 2.23 [1.24; 4.01]), and consumption of animals that were run-over or euthanized (OR = 1.64; [1.14; 2.37]).     

血清法监测人工感染弓形虫病猪特异抗体的比较

应用ELISA、LAT、IHA血清试验对8头人工感染弓形虫猪的血清抗体滴度变化规律进行了监测,并对不同检测方法的结果进行了比较.结果发现,试验猪在皮下感染弓形虫RH株速殖子后,血清中的特异性抗体首次检出的时间方面,LAT(第4 d)早于ELISA(第14 d)和IHA(第20 d);检出持续时间方面,LAT(54 d)长于ELISA(44 d)和IHA(19 d);平均检出率方面,LAT(7/8)高于ELISA(6.7/8)和IHA(5/8).试验结果表明,ELISA和LAT适合于猪弓形虫病的诊断和血清学调查,LAT更适合于猪弓形虫病的早期检测.     

弓形虫微线体蛋白MIC3基因的克隆及原核表达

根据编码MIC3的已知基因序列设计并合成一对引物,应用PCR技术从弓形虫RH株的基因组DNA中扩增编码MIC3的全长基因,克隆入pGEX-KG表达载体,转化入E.coli DH5α感受态细胞,经含氨苄青霉素琼脂平板筛选,小量抽提质粒进行酶切、PCR及DNA测序鉴定.然后阳性重组质粒转化入E.coli BL21-CodonPlus,IPTG诱导,表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Western-blot分析鉴定.结果显示,扩增的MIC3基因与GenBank中相应基因序列（AJ132530）的同源性达99.6 %,表达的MIC3融合蛋白表观分子量约为66 ku,且可被兔抗弓形虫免疫血清识别.说明所获得的表达蛋白质具有一定的反应原性,为下一步利用重组蛋白建立弓形虫的诊断方法和研制弓形虫的亚单位疫苗奠定了基础.     

弓形虫两种保种方法的试验

目的寻求一个简便、适宜的弓形虫保种方法。方法采用不同温度的冷冻保存法和细胞培养保存法对弓形虫保存进行了试验研究,为深入研究弓形虫提供保证。结果弓形虫在液氮(-196℃)、-70℃能长期保存,4℃能保存14 d。通过细胞培养能获得大量的弓形虫滋养体,对培养细胞的选择性不强。结论两种保种方法保存后弓形虫毒力不变。     

弓形虫基因分型研究进展

弓形虫可感染多种动物引起严重的弓形虫病,为了对不同宿主感染的弓形虫株基因型差异及不同基因型弓形虫虫株的致病力差异进行进一步研究,弓形虫基因型的分析多采用限制性片段长度多态性PCR（PCR-RFLP）、随机扩增多态性DNA、多位点PCR-RFLP分析、DNA序列分析和微卫星DNA序列分析等技术,扩增位点多选择SAG1、SAG2、SAG3、BTUB和GRA6等遗传标记。传统的弓形虫基因型主要有3个,随着基因型研究的不断深入,越来越多的基因型被发现。本文就弓形虫基因分型研究进展进行讨论分析。     

弓形虫ROP2基因在大肠杆菌内高效表达条件的优化

采用SDS-PAGE方法检测弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)棒状体蛋白(Rhoptry protein)ROP2基因原核表达质粒在大肠杆菌BL21Codon Plus中的表达量。通过改变菌体密度、诱导剂浓度和诱导时间进行高效表达条件的优化。结果显示,在菌体密度D600nm为0·6、IPTG浓度为0·4mmol·L-1和诱导表达3.5h时,融合蛋白的表达量最大,达到159mg·L-1培养液。这为利用重组ROP2研究和制备弓形虫病的诊断抗原奠定基础。     

几种不同免疫程序制备抗弓形虫高免血清的比较

用弓形虫血清抗体阴性的健康家兔,以4种不同的免疫程序皮下接种弓形虫速殖子裂解抗原制备高免血清.研究结果表明,先以完全弗氏佐剂和不完全弗氏佐剂分别进行一免和二免,然后再以抗原进行三免或四免制备高免血清,其抗体效价高达1:4096(IHA),与每次都使用抗原的传统免疫程序制备的抗体效价相当,但所用抗原剂量减半,该法优于另外2种免疫程序.