狗舌草提取物诱导淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞分化的研究

以单猪屎豆碱（MO）、槲皮素（QU）和环磷酰胺（CY）为参照，观察了狗舌草600mL／L乙醇提取物（EX）对淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞体外试验的形态变化；利用流式细胞术，从DNA分子水平上检查了EX对L1210细胞各周期相的影响，探讨EX对L1210细胞的分化机理。结果发现，EX能够使L1210细胞向淋巴细胞方向发展；经EX作用24h后，L1210细胞G0＋G1期的百分比较对照组明显升高。提示EX对L1210细胞增殖的抑制作用可能是由于G1期的阻滞所致。     

人参提取液体外抑制IHNV作用效果研究

探究人参提取液体外抑制CCB细胞感染IHNV的能力,构建体外CCB细胞模型,运用RTCA技术和MTT法测得不同浓度人参提取液对IHNV抑制作用曲线,并从阻断病毒复制和杀灭病毒两方面讨论人参提取液作用效果。结果表明,4%人参提取液对IHNV具有明显抑制作用,能够在16 h内保护细胞不受IHNV病毒的侵染,其中2 h时对病毒灭活抑制率最高达到51.5%,1~12 h内对病毒复制有持续抑制作用。研究可为IHVN防治药物的研发提供新的思路及参考。     

Screening for New Cosmeceuticals from Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus with Antioxidant and Photo-Protecting Properties

Phlorotannins play a role in biological functions to protect the cells against UV and oxidative damage in brown algae. We hypothesized that these compounds can function as photo-protectors and antioxidants in skin care formulations. Two types of extracts (water (FV-WE) and 67% v/v ethanol (FV-EE)) from Fucus vesiculosus were obtained with a phlorotannin content between 7−14% in dry extract. Exposure to sun light during growth was included as a factor on the phlorotannin content but did not influence the phlorotannin content. However, green colored F. vesiculosus had lower total phenolic content (TPC) (FV-WE = 6.9 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw, FV-EE = 7.8 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw) compared to those with a yellow/brownish color (FV-WE = 10.4–13.7 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw, FV-EE = 11.2–14.0 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw). UVA and UVB photo protective capabilities of the extracts through different biological effective protection factors (BEPFs) were evaluated using in vitro methods; the Mansur method for sun protection factor (SPF) and calculation of effective solar absorption radiation (%ESAR) to determine SPF and UVA protection factor (UVA-PF) of the extract and in seaweed enriched lotion. The SPF was negligible, when evaluating FV-WE in lotion (10 and 20% w/w). Moreover, %ESAR of the FV-WE showed SPF and some UVA-PF, but not enough to give sufficient SPF in lotions (10% w/w). It was concluded that the concentration of UV protecting compounds in the extracts was too low to and that further fractionation and purification of phlorotannins is needed to increase the SPF.     

不同氮磷配比对三年生宽叶羌活药材产量及品质的影响

采用二因素随机区组设计,利用尿素、过磷酸钙不同配比施用于3 a生宽叶羌活实生苗进行施肥试验.结果表明:单施尿素时施肥量120 kg/hm2是3a生宽叶羌活药材高产的最佳施用量,单施过磷酸钙时,施用量400 kg/hm2是宽叶羌活药材产量最佳使用量.随着尿素和过磷酸钙用量的增加、3 a生宽叶羌活药材的羌活根产量、挥发油含量、醇浸出物含量逐渐增加,在尿素施肥量120 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙施用量400 kg/hm2时3 a生宽叶羌活药材根产量、挥发油含量、醇浸出物含量均达到最大,之后逐渐降低.在青藏高原地区,3 a生羌活药材产量、挥发油含量、浸出物含量最高的肥料配比为:尿素施肥量120 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙用量400 kg/hm2.     

Antioxidant Efficacy of a Spirulina Liquid Extract on Oxidative Stress Status and Metabolic Disturbances in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Lipid peroxidation is associated with the development of some pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases. Reduction in oxidative stress by antioxidants, such as Arthrospira (formely Spirulina), helps improving this redox imbalance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Arthrospira liquid extract “Spirulysat^®” on oxidative markers—in particular, oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/total LDL cholesterol—and isoprostanes and to investigate its impact on lipid and glucose metabolism in the metabolic syndrome subject. A controlled, randomised, double-blind design was conducted in 40 subjects aged 18 to 65 years with metabolic syndrome after a daily intake of Spirulysat^® or placebo for twelve weeks. Blood and urinary samples were collected at three visits (V1, V2, V3) in the two groups for parameters determination. Although the Spirulysat^® group showed a decrease at all visits of the oxLDL/total cholesterol ratio, there was no significant difference compared to the placebo (p = 0.36). The urinary isoprostanes concentration in the Spirulysat^® group was reduced (p = 0.014) at V3. Plasma triglycerides decreased at V3 (p = 0.003) and HDL-cholesterol increased (p = 0.031) at all visits with Spirulysat^®. In conclusion, Spirulysat^® did not change the oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/LDL ratio but decreased the urinary isoprostanes, plasma triglycerides and increased HDL cholesterol, suggesting a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome.     

麦冬水提物对猫肾细胞的影响研究

麦冬是我国传统中药之一,兼备保健和治疗作用。为了探究麦冬能否应用在宠物食品中,本试验以不同浓度的麦冬水提物(3.91 ～8000 μg/mL)为受试药物,从细胞的形态、增殖、凋亡及周期4个方面对猫肾细胞(F81)进行安全性评价。结果表明：在试验浓度范围内,麦冬水提物没有抑制F81的增殖,且在3.91～62.5 μg/mL的浓度范围内,凋亡及周期结果经统计学分析均无显著性差异,与对照组接近,且细胞形态良好。说明在一定浓度范围内,麦冬水提物对F81细胞无毒害作用。     

垂序商陆及胜红蓟提取物对降香黄檀炭疽病菌的抑菌机理研究

通过测定垂序商陆与胜红蓟乙酸乙酯提取物处理后的降香黄檀炭疽病菌内丙二醛含量、蛋白质含量以及4种酶活性,来初步判断垂序商陆与胜红蓟提取物对炭疽病菌的作用机理。结果表明:两种提取物都能在一定程度上破坏炭疽病病原菌膜系统,垂序商陆处理组丙二醛含量在56h后显著提高,胜红蓟处理组则缓慢增加,略高于对照组;垂序商陆处理组菌体内蛋白质含量先增加,32h后急剧降低,胜红蓟处理组蛋白质含量从初期开始就少于对照组;两种提取物都能影响菌体的保护性酶活性,两处理组SOD活力都呈现先增高后降低的趋势,CAT活力高于对照组。两组SDH、LDH活力都小于对照组,而垂序商陆处理组SDH、LDH活力小于胜红蓟处理组。初步说明两种植物提取物可通过影响病原菌的代谢系统和生理过程来发挥其抑菌作用。     

狭叶菖蒲乙醇提取物对棉铃虫卵和幼虫的生物活性

为筛选安全高效的棉铃虫防治药剂,选用狭叶菖蒲Acorus calamus var.angustatus乙醇提取物对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera卵和幼虫的触杀活性、胃毒作用、拒食效果和生长抑制作用进行了测定,同时以0.5%藜芦碱为药剂对照,对比分析狭叶菖蒲提取物的杀虫效果。结果表明,狭叶菖蒲乙醇提取物对棉铃虫3龄幼虫有显著的触杀、胃毒、拒食和生长抑制活性以及杀卵效果,且生物活性随浓度升高和处理时间延长而增加;狭叶菖蒲提取物对棉铃虫触杀活性、胃毒活性、杀卵活性的致死中浓度LC_(50)分别为20.50、19.26和31.39 mg/m L,对棉铃虫生长抑制中浓度EC_(50)和拒食中浓度AFC_(50)分别为7.15、10.43 mg/m L;0.5%藜芦碱药剂对棉铃虫触杀活性、胃毒活性和杀卵活性LC_(50)分别为12.19、16.90和29.87 mg/m L,对棉铃虫EC_(50)和AFC_(50)分别为3.99、8.32 mg/m L,均低于菖蒲根茎提取物。气相色谱-质谱分析结果显示,狭叶菖蒲乙醇提取物主要成分为α-细辛醚、β-细辛醚、菖蒲酮和白千层醇。表明狭叶菖蒲乙醇提取物有开发为新型植物源农药的潜力。     

4种植物叶片浸提液成分分析及其对珊瑚樱种子萌发的影响

模拟自然环境下的化感作用,选取珊瑚樱和同一生境下生长的其他3种有毒植物叶片为材料,采用室内监测法,应用蒽酮比色法、气相色谱−质谱联用技术测定浸提液可溶性糖含量和乙酸乙酯萃取物组成成分,分析不同浓度珊瑚樱、常春藤、野蓟和飞机草叶片水浸提液对珊瑚樱种子萌发的影响。结果表明：不同浓度的4种植物浸提液处理对珊瑚樱种子萌发具抑制作用,均降低珊瑚樱种子的各项萌发指标,以0.2 g/mL常春藤水浸提液化感抑制效应最大为−20.52,综合发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数与CK差异显著;不同浓度的4种植物浸提液可溶性糖含量均随浸提液浓度的增加而升高,0.2 g/mL常春藤水浸提液可溶性糖含量最高为（1.53 ± 0.02）mg/g,随着可溶性糖含量增加,其对种子萌发抑制效果越明显。以新植二烯为主的烯烃类物质是珊瑚樱和常春藤的优势组分,分别占总量的37.94%、78.7%;以大牛儿烯D为主的烯烃类物质是野蓟的优势组分,占总量的52.94%;以5−异亚丙基−4,6−二甲基−3,6,8−壬三烯−2−醇为主的醇类物质是飞机草浸提液的优势组分,占总量的63.28%。4种有毒植物水浸提液随浓度的增加其抑制作用增强,相关性分析表明可溶性糖是浸提液中抑制珊瑚樱种子萌发的主要因素。     

软骨提取物压片糖果对膝骨关节炎症状的改善

为了探讨一种以软骨提取物、姜黄、葛根粉和薏苡仁粉为主要组分制成的压片糖果的改善膝骨关节炎临床疗效。该试验采用人体试食试验,通过对比试食压片糖果（试验组）和安慰剂（对照组）两组受试人群在试验前后的视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale, VAS）、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）、临床症状积分和血清白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6, IL-6）、超敏C反应蛋白（high-sensitivity C reactive protein, hs-CRP）水平等试验结果,发现试验组的VAS评分、WOMAC评分中疼痛、关节僵硬、生理功能评分和总分均在试食结束后显著降低（P < 0.01）,明显低于对照组;且临床症状评分中关节疼痛、压痛、晨僵时间、肿胀评分和总评分均得到显著减低（P < 0.01）,并呈现出较高的有效率（61.02%）,显著高于对照组（有效率15.25%）（P < 0.01）;此外,试食后试验组的IL-6水平显著降低（P < 0.05）,且试食期间未见不良反应和安全性指标异常。由此可见,该压片糖果具有明显改善膝骨关节炎的疗效,能够缓解膝关节疼痛和肿胀、改善膝关节功能和活动度,控制病情,且可能与调节炎症因子IL-6有关,是一种安全有效改善膝骨关节炎症状的健康食品。