Matlab在经济管理中的应用

Matlab是功能强大的计算机软件，它在自动控制、机电和土木工程以及经济管理领域有着广泛的应用．我们给出了扩展的指派问题，且证明了该问题与原指派问题的最优值相同，然后利用Matlab语言，得到了指派问题的Matlab算法，对运输问题也给出了该问题的Matlab算法．计算实例表明，新的解题方法，既简易又精确．     

二元Hamming码Ham(r,2)及其对偶码的性质研究

Hamming码Ham(r,q)作为一种完备的线形分组码,具有许多良好的性质,并且其译码方法非常简洁有效。在此基础上,对二元Hamming码Ham(r,2)及对偶码进行了进一步的研究,讨论了其对偶码所具有的几个性质。     

牵引犁受力分析的解析方法

分析了牵引犁受力图解法求解所存在的问题，用解析方法建立了牵引犁受力的矩阵方程组并利用计算机进行了求解，预测了各结构参数变化对机组受力工况的影响，从而为牵引犁机组的合理配置和各部件结构的强度计算和优化设计提供了理论依据。     

Footsteps from Insect Larvae Damage Leaf Surfaces and Initiate Rapid Responses

Plant resistance to insect herbivory involves gene expression in response to wounding and the detection of insect elicitors in oral secretions (Kessler and Baldwin, 2002, Ann. Rev. Plant/ Biol. 53: 299–328). However, crawling insect larvae stimulate the synthesis of 4-aminobutyrate within minutes and imprints of larval footsteps can be visualized within seconds through superoxide production or transient increases in chlorophyll fluorescence (Bown et al., 2002, Plant Physiol. 129: 1430–1434). Here cryo-scanning electron microscopy was used to demonstrate that larval feet, which are equipped with a perimeter row of hook-like crochets, damage leaf tissue and result in larval footprints. Staining for cell death shows that areas of wounding correspond to footsteps detected through increased chlorophyll fluorescence. Superoxide production in response to footsteps was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of the plasma membrane NADPH oxidase enzyme. Inhibition of superoxide production, however, did not eliminate the detection of cell death. The results demonstrate that larval footsteps damage leaf tissue, and initiate rapid local responses which are not dependent on herbivory or oral secretions. It is proposed that superoxide production at the wound site prevents opportunistic pathogen infection.     

Growth- and leaf-temperature effects on photosynthesis of sweet orange seedlings infected with Xylella fastidiosa

The effects of growth and leaf temperature on photosynthesis were evaluated in sweet orange seedlings ( Citrus sinensis cv. Pera) infected with Xylella fastidiosa (the bacterium that causes citrus variegated chlorosis, CVC). Measurements of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll  a fluorescence were taken at leaf temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 40°C in healthy and infected (without visible symptoms) seedlings submitted to two temperature regimes (25/20 or 35/20°C, day/night), not simultaneously. The CO₂ assimilation rates ( A ) and stomatal conductance ( g _s) were higher in healthy plants in both temperature regimes. Values for A and g _s of infected and healthy plants were higher in the 35/20°C regime, decreasing with leaf temperature increase. In addition, differences between healthy and infected plants were higher at 35/20°C, while no differences in chlorophyll  a fluorescence parameters were observed except for potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II, which was higher in infected plants. Low A values in infected plants were caused by low g _s and probably by biochemical damage to photosynthesis. The high alternative electron sink of infected plants was another effect of reduced A . Both high growth and high leaf temperatures increased differences in A between healthy and infected plants. Therefore this feature may be partially responsible for lower growth and/or productivity of CVC-affected plants in regions with high air temperature.     

食品添加剂磷酸氢二铵中砷含量的测定

运用原子荧光光谱法对进出口食品添加剂磷酸氢二铵中砷含量进行了测定,通过线性范围、检出限、精密度、回收率和实验室间比对测试,证明了原子荧光光谱法能快速、准确地检测出进出口食品添加剂中砷的含量。该方法线性关系良好,检出限低,准确度高,重复性和再现性好,可广泛用于进出口食品添加剂中砷含量的检测。     

杉木间伐材ACQ防腐与综合强化复合改性研究

在将ACQ与UF树脂调制成相容的复合改性剂对杉木间伐材进行复合改性研究的基础上,深入探索复合改性的机理与综合效果.对浸渍材与表面密实化处理相结合的优化工艺,当弦向压缩率为20%时各项力学性能指标均比素材增加51%以上;进行浸渍处理与ACQ或UF单独处理材经煮沸和抗水、酸、碱抽提的抗流失性对比试验及防腐试验,表明前者比后者有所提高;并采用铜离子跟踪法进行X-射线荧光光谱仪定量分析,测定了浸渍材复合改性剂的含量和分布情况,确认了一次性浸渍优化工艺参数的较佳效果.     

高温胁迫下银杏离体枝条叶片的叶绿素荧光特性

银杏是一种重要经济树种,随着全球气温升高,高温适应性问题已经影响了其在低纬度区域的栽培。为了探明高温胁迫对银杏叶片光合过程的影响,本研究中离体银杏枝条被置于不同温度（25 ℃、30 ℃、35 ℃、40 ℃、45 ℃）下处理,随即对其叶绿素荧光参数进行监测。 结果显示：40 ℃以上高温胁迫下,银杏叶片的光系统II（PSⅡ）潜在光化学效率（Fv/Fo）、最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）显著下降;最大荧光（Fm）、最大相对电子传递速率（rETRmax）、PSⅡ实际光化学效率（Yield）、光化学淬灭系数（qP）均显著下降;而初始荧光（Fo）和非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）在40℃以上高温胁迫下显著上升。本研究表明,银杏离体枝条叶片光合作用对温度变化较敏感,推测高温可能伤害了光合机构,从而对光能的吸收、转换与光合电子传递都有显著的影响。银杏离体枝条叶片的叶绿素荧光动力学参数对高温的敏感性,可能有助于快速筛选和培育耐高温的银杏品种。     

矩阵式电力变换器的仿真研究

与其它矩阵变换器的控制策略相比,矩阵式电力变换器的双电压控制策略具有电压增益大,抗扰动性能好的优点。文章对矩阵式电力变换器进行了Simulink仿真研究,建立了详细的仿真模型,对基波频率为50Hz、75Hz时的矩阵式电力变换器输入端电流、输出端电压的波形进行了分析。仿真分析结果验证了矩阵式电力变换器的众多优点及矩阵式电路变换器用于工程实际的可行性。     

Experimental research on cardiac fibrosis induced by recombinant mouse interleukin-11 in mice

AIM To observe the effect of recombinant mouse interleukin-11 （rmIL-11）injected subcutaneously into mice on heart structure and function and to determine its pro-fibrotic effect. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The mice in experimental group were injected subcutaneously with recombinant mouse IL-11 at the dose of 100 μg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 3 consecutive weeks, while the control group were given equal volume of normal saline in the same way. After the experiment was finished, the parameters of heart function were measured by echocardiography.The heart weight was weighed and the cardiac weight index (CWI) was calculated. HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to observe the pathological changes and the extent of myocardial fibrosis in mouse myocardia respectively, and the cardiac collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated. The expression levels of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardial tissues of mice, including type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin, were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fraction shortening in experimental group were obviously lower than those in control group (P<0.01), however left ventricular end-diastolic diamension and left ventricular end systolic dimension were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the CWI was increased (P<0.01), the myocardial arrangement was disorder, the necrosis of cardiac myocytes was increased, and excessive deposition of collagen was observed in the myocardial tissues in experimental group. Correspondingly, the CVF and protein levels of type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin in the left ventricle in experimental group were increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Injection of rmIL-11 into the mice subcutaneously induces fibrogenesis in the heart, which implies that IL-11 is likely a novel pro-fibrotic factor.