竹材弦面纵向切削的研究

研究了竹材弦面纵向切削的3种切削方式(单劈刀切削、单刨刀切削及并列式双刨刀切削)及单刨刀切削时的切削阻力,结果表明:对竹材采用劈或刨的切削方式,均可进行弦面纵向切削并能获得质量较好的竹蔑。竹材的节间、节部、切削厚度、含水率及切削速度等因素对切削阻力均有不同程度的影响。节部切削阻力明显高于节间切削阻力;切削阻力随切削厚度的增大而增大,两者成线性关系;含水率增大时,节间切削阻力减小,而节部切削阻力变化不大;切削速度增大时,节间切削阻力基本上是下降的,而节部切削阻力是增大的。     

笃斯越桔硬枝扦插繁殖技术研究

采用笃斯越桔硬枝扦插,用生根剂处理插穗,并在不同的基质上进行扦插试验,结果表明:笃斯越桔硬枝扦插用河沙作为基质最好,生根剂ABT处理的插穗生根率最高。     

黑龙江省西部地区重瓣白玫瑰引种栽培及繁育技术

经在黑龙江省齐齐哈尔地区对重瓣白玫瑰引种栽培及繁育技术研究表明：该树种　１９９７～２０００年的平均抗寒指数为　２．７，冻害小于Ⅲ级，枝条冻伤长度小于　５０％，能正常开花，可以在此安家落户。同时对其形态特征、主要物候期、繁育技术和抚育管理作了介绍。     

木瓜剖分原理研究及新机型设计

针对我国目前对木瓜剖半设备研究较少,剖切方式不合理,切割效果差等问题,设计开发了新型木瓜剖半机。该机切割方式选用滑切切割的方式,由运料系统、切割系统、出料系统组成,设计合理,结构简单。为此,计算了滑切角、切割角等主要切割参数,并给出了新型剖半机的主要技术参数。试验表明:该机切割效果好,能够有效提高生产效率。     

Residue management for reducing evaporation in relation to soil type and evaporativity1

Abstract. Usual residue-management options are to remove the residue, use it as mulch with or without undercutting or to incorporate it into the soil. While the role of surface mulch in evaporation has been widely studied, the information on the effect on evaporation of mulch with undercutting or residue incorporated into soil, particularly in relation to soil type and evaporativity (E_o) is lacking. We studied the effect of wheat straw used in various ways on the course of evaporation loss from soil columns with three soils at Ludhiana, India and one soil at Bushland, Texas, USA, under two E_o's Energy-limited evaporation rates under mulch (E_om) followed the soil-specific relation E_om/E_o= a e^(bRes+cEo), where Res is residue rate t/ha and a, b and c are constants; E_o, is expressed in mm/d. In an effort to model the total evaporation (CE) during the energy-limited stage ‘U’ was obtained from appropriate CE versus time curves and (CE-U) was regressed over (t - ti)^0.5 to obtain the slope ‘α’ (Ritchie 1972) for the soil-limited evaporation stage. The observed ‘U’ was independent of mulch rate and E_o but was strongly affected by soil type, Values of ‘α’ decreased with increase in mulch rate and decrease in E_o and coarseness of soil. The otherwise short lived benefit of evaporation reduction with mulch per se, which peaked after a few days was maintained when residue was mixed with soil at the stage when evaporation reduction reached a maximum; this benefit continued for several weeks. Cumulative evaporation values computed from ‘U’ and ‘α’ agreed closely with the observed values under straw mulch for loamy sand and clay loam soils and for ‘undercut’ and ‘residue mixed’ treatments on all soils regardless of E_o, and for all situations under small E_o. However, for sandy loam and silt loam soils under E_o of 10 mm/d, the modified square root of the time function of Jalota et al. (1988) gave a better fit.     

苹果高酸品种绿宝的茎尖培养快繁技术研究

以高酸苹果品种绿宝(G reen-gem)为试材,用MS BA 1.2mg/L NAA 0.8mg/L做启动分化培养基,进行茎尖培养快繁技术研究。结果表明,最佳增殖培养基为MS BA 1.0mg/L IBA 0.5mg/L和MS BA 1.0mg/L IBA 0.3mg/L,增殖系数达5以上;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS IBA 0.2mg/L IAA 0.4mg/L,生根率达100%。生根苗经严格的驯化锻炼和过渡移栽后移栽于大田,成活率达98%以上。     

线性回归分析在伐区采伐量测定中的应用

为提高伐区采伐量测算的准确性,避免根径材积表引起的偏差,提出了通过建立根径与胸径的线性回归方程,把根径换算成胸径,直接查胸径材积表得出伐区实际采伐量的方法。对该方法进行详细说明,并举例。论述了该方法的适用范围及要点。     

刈割对龙葵生长和富集镉的影响及其机理

通过盆栽实验,研究了25mg·kg-1镉胁迫下刈割对超富集植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)再生长能力和富集镉效果的影响。结果表明留茬30cm轻度刈割,新芽再生速度较快,留茬15cm深度刈割处理的再生速度则相对较慢,二者差异显著,但相对于对照来说刈割处理都能显著提高龙葵的生物量和生长速率。通过对不同时期龙葵体内的镉积累量的比较,发现刈割能有效提高龙葵富集镉的能力。刈割是提高龙葵对镉污染土壤修复效率的一种策略。     

西宁市鲜切花产业现状浅谈

通过对西宁市鲜切花产业发展的现状和存在的问题进行分析,提出了今后鲜切花发展的对策。     

感染松材线虫病的思茅松林择伐木外观判定初探

通过观察思茅松在12月至翌年1月感染松材线虫病的外部特征,得出思茅松感病后的主要外部特征和区别于其他松树的感病特点,并提出择伐感病思茅松时在外观特征上的判定标准和处理建议。