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A Lillehaug B Bergsj? J Schau T Bruheim T Vik?ren K Handeland 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2005,46(1):23-32
Faecal samples were collected, as part of the National Health Surveillance Program for Cervids (HOP) in Norway, from wild red deer, roe deer, moose and reindeer during ordinary hunting seasons from 2001 to 2003. Samples from a total of 618 animals were examined for verocytotoxic E. coli (VTEC); 611 animals for Salmonella and 324 animals for Campylobacter. A total of 50 samples were cultivated from each cervid species in order to isolate the indicator bacterial species E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis/E. faecium for antibiotic resistance pattern studies. Salmonella and the potentially human pathogenic verocytotoxic E. coli were not isolated, while Campylobacter jejuni jejuni was found in one roe deer sample only. Antibiotic resistance was found in 13 (7.3%) of the 179 E. coli isolates tested, eight of these being resistant against one type of antibiotic only. The proportion of resistant E. coli isolates was higher in wild reindeer (24%) than in the other cervids (2.2%). E. faecalis or E. faecium were isolated from 19 of the samples, none of these being reindeer. All the strains isolated were resistant against one (84%) or more (16%) antibiotics. A total of 14 E. faecalis-strains were resistant to virginiamycin only. The results indicate that the cervid species studied do not constitute an important infectious reservoir for either the human pathogens or the antibiotic resistant microorganisms included in the study. 相似文献
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针对鱼蟹稻田飞虫捕食装置的离网型户外供能需求的问题,着重研究该装置的供能系统方案。基于户外供能合理性要求,采用小型风力发电机和太阳能电池板自主互补发电来进行能源供应;对小型风力发电机和太阳能电池板分别进行Matlab/Simulink建模,着重对叶轮的风能利用系数、叶尖速比和桨距角的相关性进行量化分析,利用单因素分析法对太阳能电池板进行分析;在桨距角确定的条件下,适当取值叶尖速比,能够获得最大风能利用系数。同时,在不同温度和辐射的条件下,太阳能电池板能够取得功率曲线的峰值,为风光互补的最大功率获取提供理论上的支持。针对离网型风光互补系统能源的合理化利用,提出混合供能的能量管理策略,符合该装置的供能需求,对户外同类型装置供能设计提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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Andreia I. G. Raposo Susana M. F. Ferreira Rodolfo Ramos Pedro M. Santos Catarina Anjos Teresa Baptista Carla Tecelo Jos L. Costa Ana Pombo 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(8):2023-2038
In this study, the effects of three diets were investigated to enhance Paracentrotus lividus production for commercial purposes. P. lividus were fed ad libitum for 80 days with: diet A—fresh Codium tomentosum Stackhouse, 1797; diet B—formulated using a jellified mix of macroalgae and vegetables, including C. tomentosum (20%), Coralina sp. Linnaeus, 1758 (17%), cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata Linnaeus, 1753 (30%), carrot Daucus carota Linnaeus, 1753 (30%) and agar (3%) as a gelling agent. Diet C consisted of maize Zea mays Linnaeus, 1753 (56%) and New Zealand spinach Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pallas, 1781) Kuntze, 1891 (44%). Their effects on the gonadal and somatic growths, gonadosomatic index (GI) and gametogenesis were evaluated, as well as on the total lipid content and fatty acid composition of sea urchin's gonads. Diet A provided high values of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Gonads of sea urchins fed with diet A were found mostly in growth and maturation stages of gametogenesis and showed the lowest lipid content. Sea urchins fed with diet B presented their gonads in the reabsorption stage and had the highest values of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Sea urchins fed with diet C were in the early stages of gametogenesis and had the highest values of lipid content, plus omega‐6 PUFAs. Once as an ingredient in a balanced mix with vegetables, C. tomentosum can be a key factor to the development of new promising high‐quality and low‐cost feed for P. lividus roe enhancement. 相似文献
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针对目前河蟹追溯成本高、消费者无法细粒度地追溯单体河蟹信息等问题,提出一种基于迁移学习和金字塔卷积的河蟹背甲图像个体识别算法。该算法使用金字塔卷积层替换普通残差卷积块构建网络模型,可以从蟹背图像中提取多尺度、深层次的特征信息。结果显示:采用金字塔卷积结构的Resnet34和Resnet50的准确率分别为98.38%、98.51%,与使用普通卷积层的模型相比,准确率提升5.49%、1.3%,而当模型深度达到101层时,模型性能不再明显提升。与使用金字塔卷积结构的全新学习模型相比,迁移学习方法的训练收敛迭代轮次从20轮降低至5轮,此时模型准确率为98.88%,较全新学习的准确率提升0.37%,同时弥补了样本量较少的问题。该研究为河蟹个体识别追溯提供了理论依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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Assessment of dietary lecithin and cholesterol requirements of mud crab, Scylla serrata, megalopa using semi-purified microbound diets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The effects of varying dietary lecithin and cholesterol levels on growth, development and survival of mud crab, Scylla serrata, megalopa were evaluated using six semi‐purified, microbound diets formulated to be iso‐energetic and containing three levels of supplemental lecithin (0, 20 and 40 g kg−1 diet dry weight) and two levels of supplemental cholesterol (0 and 7 g kg−1 diet dry weight). Fifteen megalopa were reared individually in each treatment and the nutritional value of diets was assessed on basis of mean dry weight and mean carapace width of newly settled first crab stage, as well as development time to the first crab stage and overall survival. A significant interaction between supplemental dietary lecithin and supplemental dietary cholesterol was found for final mean dry weight of newly settled crabs, and highest survival (60%) was recorded for megalopa fed diets containing the highest levels of dietary lecithin (39.7–44.1 g kg−1) (diet 5 and 6) regardless of whether diets were supplemented with cholesterol; this rate of survival was identical to that of megalopa fed live Artemia nauplii. The results indicate that supplemental dietary cholesterol may not be essential for mud crab megalopa when fed diets containing sufficient levels of supplemental dietary phospholipids. 相似文献
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Inja Yeon Mi Young SongMyoung Ho Sohn Hak Jin HwangYang Jae Im Do Hoon KimHee Won Park Chang Ik Zhang 《Fisheries Research》2011,112(3):179-188
Landings in the blue crab, Portunus trituberculatus, fishery in Korean waters of the Yellow Sea have declined substantially from 11,000 t in the 1980s to 2,300 t in 2004. Blue crab habitat quality in the Yellow Sea has been degraded by anthropogenic activities including sand mining, land reclamation, and coastal pollution. Various traditional management measures have been implemented, including closed seasons during spawning and size limits, but these measures alone have been unsuccessful to conserve blue crab stocks. Consequently, a total allowable catch and a stock-rebuilding program using an ecosystem-based management approach were implemented in 2003 and 2006, respectively to rebuild blue crab stocks and restore habitats. This program involved assessment of both blue crab stock status and trammel-net fishery impacts at an ecosystem-level using an ecosystem-based fisheries assessment method (
[Zhang et al., 2009] and [Zhang et al., 2010]), which considered fishery data from catch and effort time-series, crab population biology, and ecosystem characteristics, including habitats and environmental conditions. Recent (2008) management status indices have shown significant positive change compared to conditions in 2000 with respect to sustainability of the stock and fishery and with regards to biodiversity and ecosystem habitat quality. 相似文献