常见混凝土质量通病及防治措施

介绍了几种常见混凝土质量通病产生的原因,并提出了具体的防治措施。     

四种杀菌剂对小麦根病病原菌的室内药效试验

室内药效试验表明：麦根宁1号、敌力脱对小麦根腐病菌的生长均有良好的抑制作用。麦根宁Ⅰ号稀释300倍时，平均抑菌圈直径最大；敌力脱稀释800倍时，平均抑菌圈直径最大。同时，麦根宁Ⅰ号、敌力脱Ⅱ号，粉锈宁对小麦全蚀病菌生长也有明显的抑制作用。粉锈宁，麦根宁Ⅰ，Ⅱ号在稀释10000倍时，抑菌率均达100％；敌力脱在稀释15000倍时，平均抑菌率仍达89．7％。     

后殖民文学话语特征

本文通过对后殖民文学中本土作家、移民作家及殖民地白人移民后裔作家写作话语特征的分析，系统地阐述了后殖民文学的话语共通点：历史的重写、身份的重塑和语言的混杂。     

通用开放式绘图仪接口软件设计与实现

本文针对TANGO软件所支持的图形输出设备中不包括CALCOMP系列绘图仪的问题,设计了TANGO图形文件与CALCOMP系列绘图的接口软件.由此阐述了一种通用图形描述语言及开放式绘图仪接口软件的设计思想与技术实现.     

Imperfect Competition and Common Resource Exploitation—An Analysis of Renewable Resource Management with Non—use Values

This article analyzes the importance of non-use values in the management of natural resources with a model of imperfect competition.By constucting a framework of duopolistic exploiters.the incorporation of non-use values based on self-interest and altruistic motives appears to be significant for determining the degree of inefficiency caused by the problem of common property at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.It is found that when the non-use value placed by the altruist exploiter is bounded by that placed by the pure selfinterest exploiter,the effect of market power is dominated by the effect of common exploitation.In this case,the exploiters‘ harvesting strategy will response in the same direction to the change of each other‘s harvesting at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.In contrast,when the non-use value placed by the altruist is substantially larger or smaller than that placed by the self-interest exploiter,one exploiter‘s increase in harvesting will lead to a decrease in harvesting of the other exploiter at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.     

对《中图法》(第四版)类目注释的系统认识

本文从语言特点、编排体例及内容特点出发,对《中图法》(第四版)类目注释进行了系统的认识,并就此提出了自己的一些看法。     

Identification of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight Disease on Bean Genotypes Grown in Turkey

Common bacterial blight (CBB) in edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), incited Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli, reduces bean yields and seed quality. The main objective of this study was to determine resistance to common bacterial blight in bean genotypes. Twenty-two bean genotypes grown in Turkey including common and snap bean cultivars/lines were collected from different parts of Turkey and tested for resistance against to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain MFD-11. All the common and snap bean lines/cultivars tested were moderately susceptible, susceptible or highly susceptible, except AG-7117 which was found resistant to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. This is the first report of a resistance source in a common bean line (AG-7117) against Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli.     

Further Contributions to the Development of a Differential Set of Pea Cultivars (Pisum sativum) to Investigate the Virulence of Isolates of Aphanomyces euteiches

Common root rot (Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs.) has become a very destructive disease in the French pea crops since 1993. For an accurate investigation of the virulence variability among French A. euteiches populations and between French and foreign populations, a new set of differential pea genotypes was developed. Thirty-three American and European pea lines, displaying different levels of resistance, were screened in a growth chamber against two French isolates. Symptoms (disease severity from 0 to 5, evaluating symptom surface on roots and epicotyl) and percentage of top fresh weight (inoculated/uninoculated top fresh weight ratio) were measured. From this screening 12 relatively resistant lines, from various genetic backgrounds, were identified along with a highly susceptible control. This set of 13 genotypes was inoculated under controlled conditions with 14 isolates from France, Sweden, USA, Canada and New Zealand, to investigate genotype–isolate interactions. Root symptoms were rated (disease severity), and a susceptibility/resistance threshold was established at disease severity = 1. Significant quantitative interactions were observed, and five 'resistance patterns' were identified, leading to a set of six pea genotypes: Baccara (susceptible), Capella, MN313, 902131, 552 and PI180693. Fields trials of this set in 1999 and 2000 gave the same resistance rankings than in growth chamber conditions. This set will allow more accurate assessments of the variability in virulence/aggressiveness of A. euteiches isolates from France and foreign countries, and further investigations of the epidemiological and genetic basis of pea–A. euteiches interactions.     

青贮时间及添加剂对高寒牧区燕麦-箭筈豌豆混播捆裹青贮发酵品质的影响

为了探讨青藏高原高寒牧区燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播捆裹青贮的可行性,为该地区草产品加工提供技术依据,在甘南州夏河县研究了青贮时间与添加剂对燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播捆裹青贮品质的影响。在燕麦灌浆期、箭筈豌豆开花期刈割,添加玉米粉(4%)、尿素(0.4%)、Synlac Dry(0.002 g/kg)和Sila-Max 200 (0.0025 g/kg),以直接青贮为对照(CK),进行捆裹青贮。分别在青贮第40,80,120天开包取样,每处理各时间点3个重复,测定其营养指标、发酵指标和主要微生物类群数量。结果表明:青贮时间对燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播捆裹青贮品质影响显著。由于高寒牧区秋冬季气温很低,完成青贮发酵所需的时间明显增加,在青贮80 d左右发酵才能完成。添加尿素显著提高了青贮料的粗蛋白含量,但同时其氨态氮含量在青贮40,80和120 d时一直保持最高值,较对照分别增加了73.70%、189.60%和185.27%;pH值下降缓慢,青贮120 d后pH仍在4.2以上。添加玉米粉效果明显优于添加尿素。和非生物型添加剂相比,乳酸菌制剂的青贮效果更佳,不仅促进了发酵进程,而且提高了青贮发酵品质。添加Sila-Max 200青贮效果优于添加Synlac Dry,其LAB 数量在青贮40 d后较对照增加了9.88%,乳酸含量增加了110.77%,pH值显著(P<0.05)下降;在青贮80 d后乳酸含量仍为对照的2倍,显著(P<0.05)高于其他3个处理,pH已降至4.1以下。因此,在青藏高原高寒地区,燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播在燕麦灌浆期、箭筈豌豆开花期刈割,添加Sila-Max 200后捆裹青贮80 d即可获得优质的青贮料。     

常见绿化树种对大气中二氧化硫的净化能力研究

以常州市常见绿化树种为研究对象,通过测定叶片舍硫量从而确定不同树种对大气中SO2的吸收和净化能力.结果表明,对比同一采样点不同树种叶片含硫量,发现不同绿化树种对SO2的净化能力不同;同时发现由于大气中SO2的浓度不同,不同地点同一树种的叶片舍硫量不同;常州市净化大气中SO2污染能力强的树种有杨树、枫杨、大叶女贞、撒金珊瑚、紫丁香.