不同方法构建磺胺二甲氧嘧啶免疫抗原的比较研究

为探讨合成磺胺二甲氧嘧啶(SDM)免疫抗原的有效途径,采用重氮偶合法和戊二醛法分别合成SDM免疫抗原,并对其结构特征、光谱特征和SDM结合比进行比较.结果表明,在合成SDM-BSA中采用重氮偶合法比戊二醛法好.     

常见混凝土质量通病及防治措施

介绍了几种常见混凝土质量通病产生的原因,并提出了具体的防治措施。     

斑点免疫吸附试验诊断羊脑多头蚴病的研究

以原头节可溶性粗抗原经Sephadex G-200层析纯化抗原为包被抗原，兔抗羊IgG-HRP结合物为显色剂，建立检测羊脑多头蚴病血清抗体的Dot-ELISA，并以ELISA作平行对照。结果，粗抗原和层析纯化抗原检测86头份羊脑多头蚴病阳性血清，其敏感性分别为94．18％和93．02％，两种抗原的敏感性无显著差异；检测122头份绦虫蚴病阴性血清，18头份棘球蚴病阳性血清，35头份细颈囊尾蚴病阳性血清，其特异性分别为90．29％和95．43％。两种抗原的特异性差异显著。Dot-ELISA和ELISA两种方法的符合率为100％。层析纯化抗原比粗抗原的特异性有了明显提高，而敏感性没有降低。层析纯化抗原和操作术式都具有良好的重复性，Dot-ELISA和ELISA对比试验结果相近，且具简便、快速及不需要复杂设备等优点，是一种检测羊脑多头蚴病血清抗体的理想方法。     

沙门氏菌鞭毛蛋白属共同抗原表位的定位

用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术研制成４株沙门氏菌属特异单抗ＣＢ８，ｄｅ７，ｃｃ６，ＤＤ４，在免疫转印试验中，证实它们所识别的抗原表位位于鞭毛蛋白上，ＥＬＩＳＡ相加试验及竞争试验显示，ＣＢ８和ｃｃ６与ｄｅ７，ＤＤ４识别的抗原表位不同，表明鞭毛蛋白的属共同抗原具有多种表位的特性。用胰蛋白酶消化鞭毛蛋白，ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ结果出现两条新带，分子量分别为４２０００（Ｆ４２），２７０００（Ｆ２７），长时间消化，最终只剩下Ｆ２７条带，它可抵制该酶的消化。对该酶切样品的免疫转印结果表明，沙门氏菌鞭毛蛋白属共同抗原表位出现于Ｆ４２和Ｆ２７上，而相应的沙门氏菌分型Ｈ抗原单抗或因子血清识别的表位也在Ｆ４２和Ｆ２７上都得到了证实。这为沙门氏菌鞭毛蛋白抗原的多样性及结构和功能研究提供了证据。     

四种杀菌剂对小麦根病病原菌的室内药效试验

室内药效试验表明：麦根宁1号、敌力脱对小麦根腐病菌的生长均有良好的抑制作用。麦根宁Ⅰ号稀释300倍时，平均抑菌圈直径最大；敌力脱稀释800倍时，平均抑菌圈直径最大。同时，麦根宁Ⅰ号、敌力脱Ⅱ号，粉锈宁对小麦全蚀病菌生长也有明显的抑制作用。粉锈宁，麦根宁Ⅰ，Ⅱ号在稀释10000倍时，抑菌率均达100％；敌力脱在稀释15000倍时，平均抑菌率仍达89．7％。     

Imperfect Competition and Common Resource Exploitation—An Analysis of Renewable Resource Management with Non—use Values

This article analyzes the importance of non-use values in the management of natural resources with a model of imperfect competition.By constucting a framework of duopolistic exploiters.the incorporation of non-use values based on self-interest and altruistic motives appears to be significant for determining the degree of inefficiency caused by the problem of common property at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.It is found that when the non-use value placed by the altruist exploiter is bounded by that placed by the pure selfinterest exploiter,the effect of market power is dominated by the effect of common exploitation.In this case,the exploiters‘ harvesting strategy will response in the same direction to the change of each other‘s harvesting at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.In contrast,when the non-use value placed by the altruist is substantially larger or smaller than that placed by the self-interest exploiter,one exploiter‘s increase in harvesting will lead to a decrease in harvesting of the other exploiter at the non-cooperative Nash equilibrium.     

2型猪链球菌的血清学鉴定

本试验首次证实了２型猪链球菌在我国的存在，采用玻片凝集、琼脂扩散及毛细管沉淀等３项试验，对１９９０年以来广东某猪场断奶仔猪暴发流行的败血症、脑膜炎及关节炎病猪中分离的１５株链球菌进行了血清学鉴定。结果表明：１５株链球菌均为２型猪链球菌；用高压法提取抗原进行沉淀反应，其结果比酸热法提取抗原具有简便、敏感、特异性强的特点。     

用酶联免疫吸附试验检测鸡白血病以及控制、根除鸡白血病措施的探讨

用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),对2群鸡的鸡蛋清和1株鸡的马立克氏病疫苗进行检测,发现2群鸡的鸡蛋清中,鸡白血病病毒的阳性率分别是11％和29％,鸡马立克氏病冻干苗隐藏鸡白血病病毒群体特异性(gs)抗原的阳性率为100％。本文指出我国禽苗可能带有鸡的白血病病毒,分析讨论了鸡白血病病毒的垂直传递和水平传播的规律,提出在曾祖代和祖代鸡群中,采用ELISA试验,检测鸡蛋清,能减少以至根除鸡的白血病。     

Identification of blackeye cowpea mosaic virus from germplasm of yard-long bean and from soybean,and the relationships between blackeye cowpea mosaic virus and cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus

Two potyvirus isolates, one from germplasm of yard-long bean (Vigna unguiculata ssp.sesquipedalis) introduced into the Netherlands, and another one from soybean plants (Glycine max) in Indonesia, were compared with two virus isolates of blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (BICMV) from the USA and a Moroccan isolate of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CAMV). It is proposed that all five isolates be now considered BICMV on the basis of host ranges, symptoms and serology. From our results, and a reassessment of the literature it is suggested to drop the name CAMV in favour of BICMV.Samenvatting Twee potyvirussen, de een in Nederland ingevoerd met genenmateriaal vanVigna unguiculata ssp.sesquipedalis en de ander uit planten van sojaboon (Glycine max) in Indonesië, werden vergeleken met twee isolaten van blackeye cowpea mosiac virus (BICMV) en een Marokkaans isolaat van cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CAMV). Op grond van waardplantenreeksen, symptomen en serologie stellen de auteurs voor om alle vijf isolaten te beschouwen als BICMV. Gebaseerd op de verkregen resultaten en een kritische beschouwing van de literatuur wordt de aanbeveling gedaan om de naam CAMV te laten vallen ten gunste van BICMV.     

Identification of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight Disease on Bean Genotypes Grown in Turkey

Common bacterial blight (CBB) in edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), incited Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli, reduces bean yields and seed quality. The main objective of this study was to determine resistance to common bacterial blight in bean genotypes. Twenty-two bean genotypes grown in Turkey including common and snap bean cultivars/lines were collected from different parts of Turkey and tested for resistance against to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain MFD-11. All the common and snap bean lines/cultivars tested were moderately susceptible, susceptible or highly susceptible, except AG-7117 which was found resistant to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. This is the first report of a resistance source in a common bean line (AG-7117) against Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli.